The Unripe Carob Extract ( L.) as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy to Fight Oxaliplatin-Induced Neuropathy.

Background: Oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy (OIN) is a severe painful condition that strongly affects the patient's quality of life and cannot be counteracted by the available drugs or adjuvants. Thus, several efforts are devoted to discovering substances that can revert or reduce OIN, including natural compounds. The carob tree, L.

Nutritional and Microbiota-Based Approaches in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: From Prevention to Treatment.

Metabolic alterations, including hypermetabolism, lipid imbalances, and glucose dysregulation, are pivotal contributors to the onset and progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These changes exacerbate systemic energy deficits, heighten oxidative stress, and fuel neuroinflammation. Simultaneously, gastrointestinal dysfunction and gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis intensify disease pathology by driving immune dysregulation, compromising the intestinal barrier, and altering gut-brain axis (GBA) signaling, and lastly advancing neurodegeneration.

Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis: Real-World Experience from an Italian Cohort.

: Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy, usually presenting as bloody stools in breastfed, well-appearing, and regularly growing infants. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical features of Italian infants affected by FPIAP and their management and natural history in a real-life setting. : A retrospective, observational study was performed at two tertiary pediatric hospitals (Florence and Trieste), including FPIAP-diagnosed infants between 2012 and 2022.

Exploring the Inhibition of α-Carbonic Anhydrase by Sulfonamides: Insights into Potential Drug Targeting.

, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, is a protozoan parasite capable of infecting a wide range of hosts, posing significant health risks, particularly to immunocompromised individuals and congenital transmission. Current therapeutic options primarily target the active tachyzoite stage but are limited by issues such as toxicity and incomplete efficacy. As a result, there is an urgent need for alternative therapies that can selectively target parasite-specific mechanisms critical for metabolic processes and host-parasite interactions.

Integrated Lung, Diaphragm and Lower Limb Muscular Ultrasound: Clinical Correlations in Geriatric Patients with Acute Respiratory Illness.

: Point-of-care lung ultrasonography (LUS) represents an accurate diagnostic tool in older patients with respiratory failure. The integration of LUS with ultrasonographic assessment of diaphragm thickness and excursion, right vastus lateralis (RVL) muscle thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) could provide real-time information on frailty and sarcopenia. The primary aim of this proof-of-concept prospective study was to evaluate clinical correlates of thoracic, diaphragmatic, and muscular ultrasound to characterize the associations between frailty, respiratory failure, and sarcopenia in older patients hospitalized for acute respiratory complaints.

The Role of Lung Ultrasound Scan in Different Heart Failure Scenarios: Current Applications and Lacks of Evidences.

Pulmonary congestion is a critical factor influencing the clinical presentation, therapeutic decisions, and outcomes of heart failure (HF) patients. Lung ultrasound (LUS) offers a simple, rapid, and accurate method for assessing pulmonary congestion, surpassing the diagnostic capabilities of traditional clinical evaluation and chest radiography. Due to the wide availability of ultrasound equipment, congestion can be evaluated in multiple settings, ranging from emergency departments to intensive care units, including outpatient settings.

Functional and Anatomical Outcomes of Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Lamellar Macular Hole: Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: To investigate functional and anatomical outcomes after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for lamellar macular hole (LMH) with a long-term follow-up.

Methods: An interventional study on 14 patients (16 eyes) with LMH was conducted. The inclusion criteria included a minimum 36-month follow-up after PPV.

Up-to-Date Imaging for Parathyroid Tumor Localization in MEN1 Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: When and Which Ones (A Narrative Pictorial Review).

Patients diagnosed with multiple endocrine neoplasia type-1 (MEN1) often initially present with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), and typically undergo surgical intervention. While laboratory tests are fundamental for diagnosis, imaging is crucial for localizing pathological parathyroids to aid in precise surgical planning. In this pictorial review, we will begin by comprehensively examining key imaging techniques and their established protocols, evaluating their effectiveness in detecting abnormal parathyroid glands.

Robot-assisted Kidney Transplantation: The 8-year European Experience.

Background And Objective: Evidence regarding perioperative results and long-term functional outcomes of robotic-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) is limited. We evaluated perioperative surgical results and long-term functional outcomes of RAKT in patients receiving kidney transplants from living donors.

Methods: This retrospective analysis is based on a prospective multicenter cohort study conducted from July 2015 to October 2023 across ten European centers.

Novel 3-Sulfonamide Dual-Tail Pyrrol-2-one Bridged Molecules as Potent Human Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modeling Investigation, and Anticancer Activity in MeWo, SK-BR-3, and MG-63 Cell Lines.

Novel 3-sulfonamide pyrrol-2-one derivatives containing two sulfonamide groups were synthesized via a one-pot, three-component method using trifluoroacetic acid as a catalyst. Structural confirmation was achieved using spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were tested against four selected human carbonic anhydrase isoforms (hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX, and hCA XII).

Rare massive thoracic metastasis of endometrial cancer: Chest wall demolition and reconstruction. A case report.

Introduction: Distant recurrences are a major problem after surgical treatment for endometrial carcinoma; metastases to the bone are usually restricted to the axial skeleton, cases of costal localization are few. We present a case of a massive costal metastases successfully treated in our department.

Case Presentation: A 60-year-old woman underwent bilateral hysteroannessectomy followed by adjuvant radiotherapy for endometrial adenocarcinoma pT3a FIGO IIIA.

Effect of Sertraline and Vortioxetine on Stress-Induced Brain Injury in Rats: Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluations.

Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the comparative effects of sertraline and vortioxetine against stress-induced brain injury in rats.

Methods: The rats were assigned to a nonstress group (NSG), stress-treated control (StC), sertraline + stress (SSt), and vortioxetine + stress (VSt) groups. Sertraline and vortioxetine (10 mg/kg) were given orally by gavage to the SSt and VSt groups.

Comparison of Transepidermal Water Loss in Preterm Newborns Treated with Two Different Types of Phototherapies.

Objective: To compare transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in preterm newborns treated with two different types of phototherapies.

Methods: In this experimental randomized controlled study, participants were 60 preterm infants aged 30 to 36 weeks' gestation who were admitted to the neonatal ICU of Duzce University Research and Application Center from December 2015 to May 2016. Researchers randomly assigned the newborns to two phototherapy groups: light-emitting diode (LED) and fluorescent phototherapy.

Prolonged incubation with Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol but not with cannabidiol induces synaptic alterations and mitochondrial impairment in immature and mature rat organotypic hippocampal slices.

Cannabis derivatives are among the most widely used psychoactive substances in the world, which leads to growing medical concerns regarding its chronic use and abuse especially among adolescents. Exposure to THC during formative years produces long-term behavioral alterations that share similarities with symptoms of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we have analyzed the functional and molecular mechanisms that might underlie these alterations.

Prognostic Value of Myocardial CT-ECV in Severe Aortic Stenosis Requiring Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Aim: Computed tomography (CT)-derived extracellular volume fraction (ECV) is a non-invasive method to quantify myocardial fibrosis. Evaluating CT-ECV during aortic valve replacement (AVR) planning CT in severe aortic stenosis (AS) may aid prognostic stratification. This meta-analysis evaluated the prognostic significance of CT-ECV in severe AS necessitating AVR.

Endocrinologic Dysfunctions and Neuropsychiatric Sequelae in Pediatric Patients With a History of Central Nervous System Infection (ENDLESS): A Prospective Monocentric Study.

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) infections represent some of the most critical pediatric health challenges, characterized by high mortality rates and a notable risk of long-term complications. Despite their significance, standardized guidelines for endocrinological follow-up of CNS infection survivors are lacking, leading to reliance on the expertise of individual centers and clinicians.

Materials And Methods: Prospective monocentric observational study conducted at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli in Rome, Italy.

Right Ventricle Function: The Role of the Forgotten Chamber in Mitral Valve Surgery.

Background: Referred to as the "forgotten chamber," the right ventricle (RV) is now widely acknowledged as a significant factor, particularly in certain cardiovascular pathologies. Despite historically being undervalued in comparison to the left ventricle, the RV function is deemed crucial in determining patient outcomes following mitral valve (MV) surgery. In the context of MV surgery, it is important to note that the RV is highly susceptible to dysfunction before, during, and after the surgical procedure.

Mechanism of syncope: role of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and cardiovascular autonomic function assessment.

Background And Aims: Identifying the haemodynamic mechanism of autonomic syncope is the essential pre-requisite for effective and personalized therapy aimed at preventing recurrences. The present study assessed the diagnostic efficacy of a two-step assessment.

Methods: Multicentre prospective, cross-sectional, observational study.