Current Water Management of Small Lotic Waterbodies in the Context of Nature Conservation in Germany.

Small lotic waterbodies are abundant and species rich habitats, offering refuges and microhabitats to protected species of the European Union Habitats Directive. Highly impacted by water management actions, it is essential to reveal the current status and challenges of water management. The present study aims to identify relevant issues by conducting a survey concerning water management authorities.

Daytime fluctuations of endurance performance in young soccer players: a randomized cross-over trial.

Objectives: Fluctuations of physical performance and biological responses during a repetitive daily 24-h cycle are known as circadian rhythms. These circadian rhythms can influence the optimal time of day for endurance performance and related parameters which can be crucial in a variety of sports disciplines. The current study aimed to evaluate the daytime variations in endurance running performance in a 3.

Observing many researchers using the same data and hypothesis reveals a hidden universe of uncertainty.

This study explores how researchers' analytical choices affect the reliability of scientific findings. Most discussions of reliability problems in science focus on systematic biases. We broaden the lens to emphasize the idiosyncrasy of conscious and unconscious decisions that researchers make during data analysis.

Do Open-Science Badges Increase Trust in Scientists Among Undergraduates, Scientists, and the Public?

In three experimental studies, we investigated whether badges for open-science practices have the potential to affect trust in scientists and topic-specific epistemic beliefs by student teachers ( = 270), social scientists ( = 250), or the public ( = 257), all of whom were at least 16 years old. Furthermore, we analyzed the moderating role of epistemic beliefs for badges and trust. Each participant was randomly assigned to two of three conditions: badges awarded, badges not awarded, and no badges (control).

On the Relationship between ANOVA Main Effects and Average Treatment Effects.

We adopt a causal inference perspective to shed light into which ANOVA type of sums of squares (SS) should be used for testing main effects and whether main effects should be considered at all in the presence of interactions. We consider balanced, proportional and nonorthogonal designs, and models with and without interactions. When the design is balanced, we show that the average treatment effect is estimated by the main effects obtained by type I, II, and III sums of squares.

Assessing the usefulness of submaximal exercise heart rates for monitoring cardiorespiratory fitness changes in elite youth soccer players.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the value of monitoring fitness in elite youth soccer players (U15 to U19 age groups) by analyzing the concomitant changes in heart rate at submaximal intensity (HR12km/h) and the velocity at a lactate concentration of 4 mmol/l (v4mmol/l).

Methods: Players were tested by means of an incremental treadmill test on two occasions during the summer pre-season in two consecutive seasons. Based on data from a total of 170 test comparisons from the U15 (n = 48 test comparisons), U16 (n = 40 test comparisons), U17 (n = 46 test comparisons), and U19 (n = 36 test comparisons) age groups, the agreement between substantial changes in HR12km/h and v4mmol/l was analyzed using the threshold combination of HR12km/h = 4.

Development of coordination and muscular fitness in children and adolescents with parent-reported ADHD in the German longitudinal MoMo Study.

This study examined the development of muscular fitness and coordination in children and adolescents with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over a period of 11 years. Data was collected in three measurement waves as part of the longitudinal, representative Motorik-Modul (MoMo) study in Germany (2003-2006, 2009-2012, 2014-2017). The overall sample comprised 2988 participants (253 with ADHD, 65% males; 2735 non-ADHD, 47% males; mean age 9 years).

Physical fitness of children and youth with asthma in comparison to the reference population : Cross-sectional results of the population-based MoMo study in Germany.

Background: Physical fitness is an essential marker of health. The literature regarding the question of whether individuals with asthma have reduced physical fitness compared to their non-asthmatic peers is inconsistent and focuses on the cardiorespiratory endurance dimension. This study provides a comparison of different dimensions of physical fitness in individuals with and without asthma on the basis of the German population-based study "KiGGS" (German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents) and its in-depth study "MoMo" (2009-2012: wave 1 and 2014-2017: wave 2).

Indicators to Assess Physical Health of Children and Adolescents in Activity Research-A Scoping Review.

Sufficient physical activity can help promote and maintain health, while its lack can jeopardize it. Since health and physical activity lay their foundation for later life in childhood and adolescence, it is important to examine this relationship from the beginning. Therefore, this scoping review aims to provide an overview of physical health indicators in children and adolescents in research on the effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior.

Population density predicts youth's physical activity changes during Covid-19 - Results from the MoMo study.

Children in Germany showed positive physical activity changes during the first Covid-19 lockdown in April 2020, but it is unclear how the changes relate to population density, which we investigated in a longitudinal sample of 1711 youth (4-17 years). For each ten citizens more per km, less positive physical activity changes were observed. For example, a child living in an area with 100 citizens/km increased daily life physical activity by 44.

COVID-19 information fatigue? A case study of a German university website during two waves of the pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the ubiquity of health-related information, disseminated using digital technology. However, recent research suggests that this accessibility of (often negative) information can induce adverse psychological effects, including anxiety, panic-based hoarding, and other unhealthy behaviors. Some of these consequences have been explained with the idea of an information overload.

Reply to Kersting et al. Comment on "Wunsch et al. The Impact of COVID-19 on the Interrelation of Physical Activity, Screen Time and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents in Germany: Results of the Motorik-Modul Study. 2021, , 98".

In reply to the comment of Kersting et al [...

Agility testing in amateur soccer: A pilot study of selected physical and perceptual-cognitive contributions.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of physical and perceptual-cognitive factors with agility performance in amateur soccer players. Fifteen male amateur soccer players (age, 24.5 ± 1.

Standing Breaks in Lectures Improve University Students' Self-Perceived Physical, Mental, and Cognitive Condition.

While adolescents and adults should limit high levels of sedentary behavior, university students spend large amounts of time on sedentary activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of this prolonged sitting on students' self-perceived physical, mental, and cognitive condition and to answer the question of whether simple standing breaks in lectures can help students improve these conditions and for example feel more concentrated, motivated, or less tense in class. A five-minute standing break was introduced using a designed presentation slide for one semester in five different 90-min lectures.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Interrelation of Physical Activity, Screen Time and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents in Germany: Results of the Motorik-Modul Study.

Reduced physical activity (PA) and prolonged screen time (ST) negatively influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL), a protective factor against illness and mortality. Studies addressing the relationship between PA, ST, and mental health in youth are scarce, especially in times with high mental health burdens like the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this examination was to investigate whether PA, ST, and HRQoL before COVID-19 predict PA, ST, and HRQoL during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Endurance Capacities in Professional Soccer Players: Are Performance Profiles Position Specific?

The aim of this study was to investigate position-specific endurance performance of soccer players. 136 professional players competing in the 1st and 2nd division in Germany were divided into the positional groups goalkeepers (GK), central defenders (CD), wingers (WI), central midfielders (CM), and forwards (FW). All players performed an incremental treadmill test with blood lactate sampling until exhaustion with the following endurance parameters being obtained: Fixed aerobic threshold (v), fixed anaerobic threshold (v), individual aerobic threshold (v), individual anaerobic threshold (v), and maximum velocity (v).

Physical activity and screen time of children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: a natural experiment.

The impact of COVID-19 on social life has been drastic and global. However, the different numbers of cases and different actions in different countries have been leading to various interesting yet unexplored effects on human behavior. In the present study, we compare the physical activity and recreational screen time of a representative sample of 1711 4- to 17-year-olds before and during the strictest time of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany.

Predictive value of physical fitness on self-rated health: A longitudinal study.

Background: The self-rated health of adolescents and young adults is important for estimating future morbidities and mortality. Little is known about how physical fitness in younger populations predicts self-rated health. This longitudinal study (2003-2017) aims to explore the effects of physical fitness on self-rated health on the basis of the German population-based study KiGGS and its in-depth study, MoMo.

Trends in active commuting to school from 2003 to 2017 among children and adolescents from Germany: the MoMo Study.

Background: Inactivity in children and adolescents is a global issue requiring interventions that target different domains of physical activity, such as active transport. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, historical trends and socio-demographic correlates of active commuting to school (ACS) in a nationwide sample of girls and boys from Germany.

Methods: Data of commuting behaviour and socio-demographic factors were collected, covering three measurement points from 2003 to 2017.

Secular Trends in Physical Fitness of Children and Adolescents: A Review of Large-Scale Epidemiological Studies Published after 2006.

Physical fitness (PF) of children and adolescents is an important resource for their future health. Population-based studies, however, rarely report secular changes of PF, although monitoring of these is crucial to deriving information for adequate interventions. This review aims to report trends in PF of children and adolescents.

Population-based trends in physical fitness of children and adolescents in Germany, 2003-2017.

Physical fitness is an important health resource. From 2003 onwards, the MoMo study, a part of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), has investigated physical fitness on the basis of nationally representative data. The objective of this paper was to analyse trends in physical fitness of three cohorts at the ages of 4-17 years.

Are there disparities in different domains of physical activity between school-aged migrant and non-migrant children and adolescents? Insights from Germany.

Background: Large proportions of the populations in many European countries, including Germany, are migrants. Migrant children and adolescents tend to be less physically active than their non-migrant peers. However, current research is limited as it does not sufficiently consider different domains of physical activity.

Using stereoscopic visualizations as templates to construct a spatial hands-on representation-is there a novelty effect?

Sculpting representations of human organs out of modeling clay is an acknowledged method of teaching anatomical structures. Because of its potential to provide detailed spatial information, stereoscopic imagery can be understood to function as a suitable template for such sculpting tasks. Currently, it is unknown whether the advantages of stereoscopic images for modeling structures result from enhanced depth impression alone, or whether task performance is impacted by factors such as situational intrinsic motivation and perceived competence while sculpting a human organ using stereoscopic imagery as template.