Do Chinese Children With Math Difficulties Have a Deficit in Executive Functioning?

Several studies have shown that Executive Functioning (EF) is a unique predictor of mathematics performance. However, whether or not children with mathematics difficulties (MD) experience deficits in EF remains unclear. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine if Chinese children with MD experience deficits in EF.

The Conscientious Responders Scale Helps Researchers Verify the Integrity of Personality Questionnaire Data.

The is a five-item embeddable validity scale that differentiates between conscientious and indiscriminate responding in personality-questionnaire data (CR & IR). This investigation presents further evidence of its validity and generalizability across two experiments. Study 1 tests its sensitivity to questionnaire length, a known cause of IR, and tries to provoke IR by manipulating psychological reactance.

Internet Exposure Associated With Canadian Parents' Perception of Risk on Childhood Immunization: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: There is a large presence of provaccination and antivaccination content on the Internet. The Internet has been identified as an important source for parents to seek and share vaccine information. There are concerns that parental fears or hesitancy on childhood immunizations are increasing due to the popularity of social media and exposure to online antivaccination sentiment.

Metabolic defects in multiple sclerosis.

Brain injuries in multiple sclerosis (MS) involve immunopathological, structural and metabolic defects on myelin sheath, oligodendrocytes (OLs), axons and neurons suggesting that different cellular mechanisms ultimately result in the formation of MS plaques, demyelination, inflammation and brain damage. Bioenergetics, oxygen and ion metabolism dominate the metabolic and biochemical pathways that maintain neuronal viability and impulse transmission which directly or indirectly point to mitochondrial integrity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) availability indicating the involvement of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of MS. Loss of myelin proteins including myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproetin (MOG), 2, 3,-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiestarase (CNPase); microglia and microphage activation, oligodendrocyte apoptosis as well as expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) and myeloperoxidase activities have been implicated in a subset of Balo's type and relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) lesions indicating the involvement of metabolic defects and oxidative stress in MS.

Facebook Recruitment of Vaccine-Hesitant Canadian Parents: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: There is concern over the increase in the number of "vaccine-hesitant" parents, which contributes to under-vaccinated populations and reduced herd immunity. Traditional studies investigating parental immunization beliefs and practices have relied on random digit dialing (RDD); however, this method presents increasing limitations. Facebook is the most used social media platform in Canada and presents an opportunity to recruit vaccine-hesitant parents in a novel manner.

What Are They Thinking? A National Study of Stability and Change in Divorce Ideation.

This study reports on a nationally representative sample of married individuals ages 25-50 (N = 3,000) surveyed twice (1 year apart) to investigate the phenomenon of divorce ideation, or what people are thinking when they are thinking about divorce. Twenty-eight percent of respondents had thought their marriage was in serious trouble in the past but not recently. Another 25% had thoughts about divorce in the last 6 months.

Management of small-cell lung cancer with radiotherapy-a pan-Canadian survey of radiation oncologists.

Background: The management of small-cell lung cancer (sclc) with radiotherapy (rt) varies, with many treatment regimens having been described in the literature. We created a survey to assess patterns of practice and clinical decision-making in the management of sclc by Canadian radiation oncologists (ros).

Methods: A 35-item survey was sent by e-mail to Canadian ros.

Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from five randomised trials.

Background: In 2015, five randomised trials showed efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy over standard medical care in patients with acute ischaemic stroke caused by occlusion of arteries of the proximal anterior circulation. In this meta-analysis we, the trial investigators, aimed to pool individual patient data from these trials to address remaining questions about whether the therapy is efficacious across the diverse populations included.

Methods: We formed the HERMES collaboration to pool patient-level data from five trials (MR CLEAN, ESCAPE, REVASCAT, SWIFT PRIME, and EXTEND IA) done between December, 2010, and December, 2014.

Understanding clinical nursing education: An exploratory study.

Clinical experiences are recognized as a critical aspect of nursing education, highlighting the importance of the perspectives of those providing clinical instruction. The aim of this mixed methods descriptive study was to discover the knowledge and guidance needs of preceptors and clinical faculty who provide clinical instruction to Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students. Fifteen clinical faculty and 17 preceptors were surveyed using a questionnaire developed and piloted by the researchers.

Why Governments That Fund Elective Abortion Are Obligated to Attempt a Reduction in the Elective Abortion Rate.

If elective abortion is publicly funded, then the government is obligated to take active measures designed to reduce its prevalence. I present two arguments for that conclusion. The first argument is directed at those pro-choice thinkers who hold that while some or all elective abortions are morally wrong, they still ought to be legally permitted and publicly subsidized.

Long-term impact of CMV infection on allografts and on patient survival in renal transplant patients with protocol biopsies.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a frequent complication of early posttransplantation. This study examines its impact on chronic allograft changes, long-term graft loss, and patient survival. We studied 594 patients who had protocol biopsies at 6 wk, and 3 and 6 mo posttransplantation.

Biology and principles of scar management and burn reconstruction.

Hypertrophic scarring is extremely common and is the source of most morbidity related to burns. The biology of hypertrophic healing is complex and poorly understood. Multiple host and injury factors contribute, but protracted healing of partial thickness injury is a common theme.

Enhancing brain lesions after endovascular treatment of aneurysms.

Complications of endovascular therapy of aneurysms mainly include aneurysm rupture and thromboembolic events. The widespread use of MR imaging for follow-up of these patients revealed various nonvascular complications such as aseptic meningitis, hydrocephalus, and perianeurysmal brain edema. We present 7 patients from 5 different institutions that developed MR imaging-enhancing brain lesions after endovascular therapy of aneurysms, detected after a median time of 63 days.

Absorbable mesh augmentation compared with no mesh for anterior prolapse: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare anatomical and patient-reported outcomes at 12 months postoperatively for women who had anterior compartment pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery using a repair augmented with porcine small intestine submucosa mesh (Mesh Group) compared with those who had a native tissue repair (No Mesh Group).

Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial with 12 months follow-up. The surgical procedure was identical in both groups except for the placement of intervening mesh.

Immunochip analysis identifies multiple susceptibility loci for systemic sclerosis.

In this study, 1,833 systemic sclerosis (SSc) cases and 3,466 controls were genotyped with the Immunochip array. Classical alleles, amino acid residues, and SNPs across the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region were imputed and tested. These analyses resulted in a model composed of six polymorphic amino acid positions and seven SNPs that explained the observed significant associations in the region.

Particle trapping and banding in rapid colloidal solidification.

We derive an expression for the nonequilibrium segregation coefficient of colloidal particles near a moving solid-liquid interface. The resulting kinetic phase diagram has applications for the rapid solidification of clay soils, gels, and related colloidal systems. We use it to explain the formation of bandlike defects in rapidly solidified alumina suspensions.

An integrated CMOS high voltage supply for lab-on-a-chip systems.

Electrophoresis is a mainstay of lab-on-a-chip (LOC) implementations of molecular biology procedures and is the basis of many medical diagnostics. High voltage (HV) power supplies are necessary in electrophoresis instruments and are a significant part of the overall system cost. This cost of instrumentation is a significant impediment to making LOC technologies more widely available.

Electrically controlled microvalves to integrate microchip polymerase chain reaction and capillary electrophoresis.

Microvalves are key in realizing portable miniaturized diagnostic platforms. We present a scalable microvalve that integrates well with standard lab on a chip (LOC) implementations, yet which requires essentially no external infrastructure for its operation. This electrically controlled, phase-change microvalve is used to integrate genetic amplification and analysis via capillary electrophoresis--the basis of many diagnostics.

Dynamic temperature measurement in microfluidic devices using thermochromic liquid crystals.

Thermochromic liquid crystals (TLCs) are used to explore the temperature transients during thermal cycling for microchip-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR). By analyzing the reflected spectra of the TLCs over time, temperature vs. time trajectories were extracted and overshoots/undershoots were estimated.

An inexpensive and portable microchip-based platform for integrated RT-PCR and capillary electrophoresis.

We present an inexpensive, portable and integrated microfluidic instrument that is optimized to perform genetic amplification and analysis on a single sample. Biochemical reactions and analytical separations for genetic analysis are performed within tri-layered glass-PDMS microchips. The microchip itself consists of integrated pneumatically-actuated valves and pumps for fluid handling, a thin-film resistive element that acts simultaneously as a heater and a temperature sensor, and channels for capillary electrophoresis (CE).

Characterization of binding of folates and antifolates to brush-border membrane vesicles isolated from human kidney.

Antifolates such as methotrexate, raltitrexed, and pemetrexed are among the most effective and widely used anticancer drugs. The antifolates are also among the most unpredictable of anticancer drugs with respect to pharmacokinetics and toxicity. In this study, we assessed the binding of folates and antifolates to the folate receptors (FRs) of human proximal tubules and the effects of pH on binding.

Reviews.

A PRESCRIBER'S GUIDE TO DRESSINGS AND WOUND MANAGEMENT MATERIALS CLAYTON'S ELECTROTHERAPY 10th edition.

Changes in acute myocardial infarction risk and patterns of practice for patients older and younger than 70 years, 1987-90.

Objective: To evaluate temporal changes in risk and patterns of hospital practice for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Design/patients: Retrospective analysis of age-related medical therapy and outcome of 342 consecutive patients (132 at least 70 years old and 210 younger than 70) with AMI between July 1, 1989, and June 30, 1990, and comparison with data from two previous analyses of AMI practice in 1987 (n = 207) and 1988-89 (n = 402).

Setting: Tertiary care medical centre.