Impact of Long COVID on productivity and informal caregiving.

Background: Around 2 million people in the UK suffer from Long COVID (LC). Of concern is the disease impact on productivity and informal care burden. This study aimed to quantify and value productivity losses and informal care receipt in a sample of LC patients in the UK.

The effectiveness and acceptability of multimedia information when recruiting children and young people to trials: the TRECA meta-analysis of SWATs.

Background: The information provided to potential trial participants plays a crucial role in their decision-making. Printed participant information sheets for trials have received recurrent criticism as being too long and technical, unappealing and hard to navigate. An alternative is to provide information through multimedia (text, animations, video, audio, diagrams and photos).

Visualizing and quantifying structural diversity around mobile resistance genes.

Understanding the evolution of mobile genes is important for understanding the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Many clinically important AMR genes have been mobilized by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) on the kilobase scale, such as integrons and transposons, which can integrate into both chromosomes and plasmids and lead to rapid spread of the gene through bacterial populations. Looking at the flanking regions of these mobile genes in diverse genomes can highlight common structures and reveal patterns of MGE spread.

Discovery of a Potent Dual Inhibitor of Aromatase and Aldosterone Synthase.

Estrogen deficiency derived from inhibition of estrogen biosynthesis is a typical condition of postmenopausal women and breast cancer (BCs) patients undergoing antihormone therapy. The ensuing increase in aldosterone levels is considered to be the major cause for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) affecting these patients. Since estrogen biosynthesis is regulated by aromatase (CYP19A1), and aldosterone biosynthesis is modulated by aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), a dual inhibitor would allow the treatment of BC while reducing the cardiovascular risks typical of these patients.

Does strengths of a positive direct antiglobulin test predicts the need for phototherapy and duration of phototherapy? - a single center, retrospective study.

Background: Use of Direct Antiglobulin test (DAT) in management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is conflicting.

Objective: whether strength of positive DAT predicts the need for phototherapy, duration of phototherapy and need for major interventions.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data on all DAT positive neonates with birth gestational age ≥32 weeks over six years (2014-2019).

A probable Keplerian disk feeding an optically revealed massive young star.

The canonical picture of star formation involves disk-mediated accretion, with Keplerian accretion disks and associated bipolar jets primarily observed in nearby, low-mass young stellar objects (YSOs). Recently, rotating gaseous structures and Keplerian disks have been detected around several massive (M > 8 M) YSOs (MYSOs), including several disk-jet systems. All the known MYSO systems are in the Milky Way, and all are embedded in their natal material.

Synthesis and vectorial functionalisation of pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridines.

Heterocycles are a cornerstone of fragment-based drug discovery (FBDD) due to their prevalence in biologically active compounds. However, novel heterocyclic fragments are only valuable if they can be suitably elaborated to compliment a chosen target protein. Here we describe the synthesis of 5-halo-1-pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridine scaffolds and demonstrate how these compounds can be selectively elaborated along multiple growth-vectors.

Rapid fingerprinting of bacterial species using nanocavities created on screen-printed electrodes modified by β-cyclodextrin.

Rapid and precise identification of infectious microorganisms is important across a range of applications where microbial contamination can cause serious issues ranging from microbial resistance to corrosion. In this paper a screen-printed, polymeric β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) modified electrode, affording nanocavities for inclusion of the analytes, is shown as a disposable sensor capable of identifying bacteria by their metabolites. Three bacterial species were tested: two from the genus, () and (), and (), a member of the family, .

The redox-responsive roles of intermediate filaments in cellular stress detection, integration and mitigation.

Intermediate filaments are critical for cell and tissue homeostasis and for stress responses. Cytoplasmic intermediate filaments form versatile and dynamic assemblies that interconnect cellular organelles, participate in signaling and protect cells and tissues against stress. Here we have focused on their involvement in redox signaling and oxidative stress, which arises in numerous pathophysiological situations.

Effectiveness of hypothermia prevention devices for preterm infants: A laboratory study.

Background: Newborn hypothermia at birth remains as global challenge across all settings. The prevention of delivery room hypothermia at birth could potentially reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Objective: To compare the heat conservation efficacy of Neohelp and Neowrap and evaluate the heat production efficacy of trans-warmer infant mattress (TWM) in a laboratory setting.

Young Love "Locked Down": Adolescent and Young Adult Perspectives on Sexting During the Covid-19 Pandemic in England.

There were limited opportunities for in-person social, intimate, and sexual interactions in England during 2020-2021, due to restrictions imposed by the UK government in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. While previous studies examined the effects of lockdown on intimate relationships, there is less qualitative research regarding young people's perspectives on and experiences of digitally mediated intimacy (sexting) during the period. This paper discusses findings from focus groups with 80 adolescents and interviews with 38 young adults that explored the topic.

Limited historical admixture between European wildcats and domestic cats.

Domestic cats were derived from the Near Eastern wildcat (Felis lybica), after which they dispersed with people into Europe. As they did so, it is possible that they interbred with the indigenous population of European wildcats (Felis silvestris). Gene flow between incoming domestic animals and closely related indigenous wild species has been previously demonstrated in other taxa, including pigs, sheep, goats, bees, chickens, and cattle.

Data quality and patient characteristics in European ANCA-associated vasculitis registries: data retrieval by federated querying.

Objectives: This study aims to describe the data structure and harmonisation process, explore data quality and define characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients across six federated antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) registries.

Methods: Through creation of the vasculitis-specific Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable, VASCulitis ontology, we harmonised the registries and enabled semantic interoperability. We assessed data quality across the domains of uniqueness, consistency, completeness and correctness.

FLAMINGO: calibrating large cosmological hydrodynamical simulations with machine learning.

To fully take advantage of the data provided by large-scale structure surveys, we need to quantify the potential impact of baryonic effects, such as feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) and star formation, on cosmological observables. In simulations, feedback processes originate on scales that remain unresolved. Therefore, they need to be sourced via subgrid models that contain free parameters.

Two-year recall for people with no diabetic retinopathy: a multi-ethnic population-based retrospective cohort study using real-world data to quantify the effect.

Background/aims: The English Diabetic Eye Screening Programme (DESP) offers people living with diabetes (PLD) annual screening. Less frequent screening has been advocated among PLD without diabetic retinopathy (DR), but evidence for each ethnic group is limited. We examined the potential effect of biennial versus annual screening on the detection of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) among PLD without DR from a large urban multi-ethnic English DESP.

Sublithospheric diamond ages and the supercontinent cycle.

Subduction related to the ancient supercontinent cycle is poorly constrained by mantle samples. Sublithospheric diamond crystallization records the release of melts from subducting oceanic lithosphere at 300-700 km depths and is especially suited to tracking the timing and effects of deep mantle processes on supercontinents. Here we show that four isotope systems (Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, U-Pb and Re-Os) applied to Fe-sulfide and CaSiO inclusions within 13 sublithospheric diamonds from Juína (Brazil) and Kankan (Guinea) give broadly overlapping crystallization ages from around 450 to 650 million years ago.

The relationship between speculation and translation in Bioethics: methods and methodologies.

There are increasing pressures for bioethics to emphasise 'translation'. Against this backdrop, we defend 'speculative bioethics'. We explore speculation as an important tool and line of bioethical inquiry.

NET4 and RabG3 link actin to the tonoplast and facilitate cytoskeletal remodelling during stomatal immunity.

Members of the NETWORKED (NET) family are involved in actin-membrane interactions. Here we show that two members of the NET family, NET4A and NET4B, are essential for normal guard cell actin reorganization, which is a process critical for stomatal closure in plant immunity. NET4 proteins interact with F-actin and with members of the Rab7 GTPase RABG3 family through two distinct domains, allowing for simultaneous localization to actin filaments and the tonoplast.

Increasing access to CBT for psychosis patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating brief, targeted CBT for distressing voices delivered by assistant psychologists (GiVE3).

Background: The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is offered to all patients with a psychosis diagnosis. However, only a minority of psychosis patients in England and Wales are offered CBT. This is attributable, in part, to the resource-intensive nature of CBT.

Masked priming under the Bayesian microscope: Exploring the integration of local elements into global shape through Bayesian model comparison.

To investigate whether local elements are grouped into global shapes in the absence of awareness, we introduced two different masked priming designs (e.g., the classic dissociation paradigm and a trial-wise probe and prime discrimination task) and collected both objective (i.

Lipid bilayer fluidity and degree of order regulates small EVs adsorption on model cell membrane.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are known to play an important role in the communication between distant cells and to deliver biological information throughout the body. To date, many studies have focused on the role of sEVs characteristics such as cell origin, surface composition, and molecular cargo on the resulting uptake by the recipient cell. Yet, a full understanding of the sEV fusion process with recipient cells and in particular the role of cell membrane physical properties on the uptake are still lacking.

Polymorphic Solid Solutions in Molecular Crystals: Tips, Tricks, and Switches.

Crystal polymorphism has been a topic of much interest for the past 20 years or so, especially since its scientific (and legal) importance to the pharmaceutical industry was realized. By contrast, the formation of solid solutions in molecular crystals has been overlooked despite its long-standing prevalence in the analogous field of inorganic crystals. Wilfully forgotten, crystalline molecular solid solutions may be very common in our world since molecular compounds are rarely produced with 100% purity, and impurities able to form solid solutions are difficult to reject via recrystallization.

Using deep learning to analyze the psychological effects of COVID-19.

Problem: Sentiment Analysis (SA) automates the classification of the sentiment of people's attitudes, feelings or reviews employing natural language processing (NLP) and computational approaches. Deep learning has recently demonstrated remarkable success in the field of SA in many languages including Arabic. Arabic sentiment analysis, however, still has to be improved, due to the complexity of the Arabic language's structure, the variety of dialects, and the lack of lexicons.

The Structure of Working Memory and Its Relationship with Intelligence in Japanese Children.

There is a host of research on the structure of working memory (WM) and its relationship with intelligence in adults, but only a few studies have involved children. In this paper, several different WM models were tested on 170 Japanese school children (from 7 years and 5 months to 11 years and 6 months). Results showed that a model distinguishing between modalities (i.