Exploring the Intersection of Gender Diversity and Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review With a Focus on Clinical Care.

Background: Little research has been conducted solely exploring gender diversity in people with intellectual disabilities. This review explores the literature, discusses the prevalence, and identifies clinical best practices for people at the intersection of gender diversity and intellectual disability.

Method: A scoping review was conducted utilising PRISMA methodology of the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), Cochrane Library (Wiley), Dissertations & Theses Global (ProQuest), PsycInfo (EBSCO), Scopus and Web of Science.

Structural Determinants of School Discipline: Examining State-Level Racial Bias and Neighborhood Opportunity.

Objective: Addressing the disproportionate use of school detentions and suspensions among Black youth is crucial for reducing educational and health disparities across the lifespan. Yet, few studies have explored external factors beyond school or individual characteristics as potential contributors to school discipline disparities, such as state-level racial bias and neighborhood opportunity.

Method: A subsample from the larger Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® was used (M age at baseline = 9.

Echocardiogram utilization in hospitalized adults with isolated traumatic brain injury: Propensity-matched analysis of the national inpatient sample 2016-2020.

Background: Early left ventricular systolic dysfunction is common after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Echocardiography (Echo) can evaluate cardiac function across various clinical scenarios; however, its utilization in isolated TBI remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we aim to examine Echo utilization in hospitalized adults with isolated TBI.

Inorganic nitrogen and organic matter jointly regulate ectomycorrhizal fungi-mediated iron acquisition.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) play a crucial role in facilitating plant nutrient uptake from the soil although inorganic nitrogen (N) can potentially diminish this role. However, the effect of inorganic N availability and organic matter on shaping EMF-mediated plant iron (Fe) uptake remains unclear. To explore this, we performed a microcosm study on Pinus taeda roots inoculated with Suillus cothurnatus treated with +/-Fe-coated sand, +/-organic matter, and a gradient of NHNO concentrations.

Exploring the Scholarly Value and Impact of DNP-Prepared Nurses Through the Lens of Nursing Leaders.

Objective: To explore organizational nursing leaders' perceptions of impact, value, and support for doctor of nursing practice (DNP)-prepared nurses engaging in practice scholarship.

Background: DNP nurses are educated to lead change at the system level and direct practice-based initiatives to enhance health outcomes. Organizational support and the value of DNP scholarship need to be better understood.

Comparative metagenomics of tropical reef fishes show conserved core gut functions across hosts and diets with diet-related functional gene enrichments.

Unlabelled: Fish gut microbial communities are important for the breakdown and energy harvesting of the host diet. Microbes within the fish gut are selected by environmental and evolutionary factors. To understand how fish gut microbial communities are shaped by diet, three tropical fish species (hawkfish, ; yellow tang, ; and triggerfish, ) were fed piscivorous (fish meal pellets), herbivorous (seaweed), and invertivorous (shrimp) diets, respectively.

The Role of Host-Range Expansion and Co-Speciation in Host-Parasite Associations With the Divergence of the Great Tit Species Complex.

During the evolution of parasites, co-speciation and host-range expansion are thought to play roles in establishing associations with hosts, while sorting events can lead to dissolution of those associations. To address the roles of these processes, we focus on avian haemosporidian parasites infecting hosts of the intensively studied great tit species complex. We estimated the phylogeography of lineages detected in the species complex, and quantified their transition probabilities among hosts.

Regional Patellar Tendon Strain in the Short- and Long-term After ACL Reconstruction Using Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft.

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) often involves harvesting a bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autograft. How graft harvest affects tendon strain across the 3 distinct regions (medial, lateral, and central) is not known.

Purpose: To (1) quantify strain in the 3 regions of the patellar tendon during 60% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in 90° of knee flexion and (2) assess how effort level in 2 different knee joint angles (60° and 90°) impacts strain in the medial and lateral regions of the patellar tendon, in 2 cohorts of patients after ACLR using a BPTB autograft (one group <24 months after surgery and another group ≥24 months after surgery).

Interracial contact shapes racial bias in the learning of person-knowledge.

During impression formation, perceptual cues facilitate social categorization while person-knowledge can promote individuation and enhance person memory. Although there is extensive literature on the cross-race recognition deficit, observed when racial ingroup faces are recognized more than outgroup faces, it is unclear whether a similar deficit exists when recalling individuating information about outgroup members. To better understand how perceived race can bias person memory, the present study examined how self-identified White perceivers' interracial contact impacts learning of perceptual cues and person-knowledge about perceived Black and White others over five sessions of training.

Incidence of Adrenal Insufficiency in Patients with High-Risk Neuroblastoma: A Single-Institution Analysis.

Background: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children, with about half of cases classified as high risk. Treatment varies by risk level, with high-risk patients undergoing aggressive multimodal therapy. While long-term survival has improved, survivors face significant risks of late treatment effects, including adrenal insufficiency.

Free vibration and buckling analysis of axially functionally graded tapered Timoshenko beams using B-spline-based isogeometric analysis.

This study considers Timoshenko beam theory and the isogeometric analysis method to investigate the free vibration and buckling of axially functionally graded (AFG) tapered beams. The governing equations are obtained from the kinematic assumptions of Timoshenko beam theory and Hamilton's principle. The isogeometric analysis approach is implemented to solve the motion equations.

A Flexible Hybrid Site-Specific Integration-Based Expression System in CHO Cells for Higher-Throughput Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibody Expression Cassettes.

The implementation of site-specific integration (SSI) systems in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can alleviate concerns associated with production instability and reduce cell line development timelines. SSI cell line performance is driven by the interaction between genomic integration location, clonal background, and the transgene expression cassette, requiring optimization of all three parameters to maximize productivity. Systematic comparison of these parameters has been hindered by SSI platforms involving low-throughput enrichment strategies, such as cell sorting.

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries.

Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists.

Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries - the TISP dataset.

Science is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries.

Pan-tumor analysis to investigate the obesity paradox in immune checkpoint blockade.

Background: Obesity is a risk factor for developing cancer but is also associated with improved outcomes after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a phenomenon called the obesity paradox. To interrogate mechanisms of divergent immune responses in obese and non-obese patients, we examined the relationship among obesity status, clinical responses, and immune profiles from a diverse, pan-tumor cohort of patients treated with ICI-based therapy.

Methods: From June 2021 to March 2023, we prospectively collected serial peripheral blood samples from patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors who received ICI as standard of care at Johns Hopkins.

The magneto-mechanical coupling of multiphase magnetorheological elastomers.

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are soft magnetic composites that achieve tunable changes in stiffness and energy response in the presence of a magnetic field. Rigid particle composite (RC) MREs have been studied for decades for their potential applications to automotive dampers and robotic systems. Recently, magnetic fluid composite (FC) MREs have been developed which utilize magnetic fluids as inclusions to elastomers.

The Impact of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among UK Women: An Obesity-Adjusted Analysis.

Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is known to elevate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but the extent to which obesity and IIH-specific factors contribute to this risk is not well understood. WE aim to separate the effects of obesity from IIH-specific factors on the risk of stroke and CVD, building on previous findings that indicate a two-fold increase in cardiovascular events in women with IIH compared to BMI-matched controls.

Methods: An obesity-adjusted risk analysis was conducted using Indirect Standardization based on data from a cohort study by Adderley et al.

Neuroimaging Findings for the Overnight Consolidation of Learned Non-native Speech Sounds.

Research over the past two decades has documented the importance of sleep to language learning. Sleep has been suggested to play a role in establishing new speech representations as well; however, the neural mechanisms corresponding to sleep-mediated effects on speech perception behavior are unknown. In this study, we trained monolingual English-speaking adults to perceive differences between the Hindi dental vs.

Bacterial and host enzymes modulate the inflammatory response produced by the peptidoglycan of the Lyme disease agent.

The spirochete causes Lyme disease. In some patients, an excessive, dysregulated proinflammatory immune response can develop in joints leading to persistent arthritis. In such patients, persistence of antigenic peptidoglycan (PG) fragments within joint tissues may contribute to the immunopathogenesis, even after appropriate antibiotic treatment.

Semiconducting Electrides Derived from Sodalite: A First-Principles Study.

Electrides are ionic crystals, with electrons acting as anions occupying well-defined lattice sites. These exotic materials have attracted considerable attention in recent years for potential applications in catalysis, rechargeable batteries, and display technology. Among this class of materials, electride semiconductors can further expand the horizon of potential applications due to the presence of a band gap.

The ACTION VAD registry: A collective five-year experience.

Background: The Advanced Cardiac Therapies Improving Outcomes Network (ACTION) began in 2018 as a collaborative learning health system committed to improving outcomes in pediatric heart failure, including children and adults with congenital heart disease, supported with ventricular assist devices (VADs). This report describes patient and device characteristics, and outcomes through 1-year post-implant.

Methods: The ACTION VAD registry report was created from data submitted to the ACTION learning network from April 2018 to June 2023.

Changes in Contraceptive Method Use, Access, and Experiences of Care During a Statewide Contraceptive Initiative.

Objective: To examine changes in contraceptive use, access, and care experiences during a statewide contraceptive access initiative, Delaware Contraceptive Access Now.

Study Design: We used responses from the Delaware/Maryland Survey of Women at the early wave (11/2016-3/2017) and late wave (2/2021-10/2021). Our cross-sectional sample included 6,467 respondents at risk of unintended pregnancy.

Larval development and parasitism of emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) in Oregon ash (Fraxinus latifolia) and European olive (Olea europaea): implications for the West Coast invasion.

The invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) (EAB) has been devastating North American ash (Fraxinus spp.) resources for over 2 decades. In its native range, EAB attacks and kills primarily stressed ash trees.