Developing an Integrated Treatment Pathway for a Post-Coronary Artery Bypass Grating (CABG) Geriatric Patient with Comorbid Hypertension and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus for Treating Acute Hypoglycemia and Electrolyte Imbalance.

Introduction: The ailments afflicting the elderly population is a well-defined specialty of medicine. It calls for an immaculately designed health-care plan to treat diseases in geriatrics. For chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease, and hypertension (HTN), they require proper management throughout the rest of patient's life.

Prevalence of Self-Medication among Students of Pharmacy and Medicine Colleges of a Public Sector University in Dammam City, Saudi Arabia.

Pharmacy and medical students are expected to be more knowledgeable regarding rational use of medications as compared to the general public. A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of pharmacy and medicine colleges of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in Dammam, Saudi Arabia using a survey questionnaire. The duration of the study was six months.

Assessment of Drug Information Service in Public and Private Sector Tertiary Care Hospitals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Drug information service is a dedicated and specialized service provided by pharmacists to enhance knowledge of medicines use, promote rational prescribing among prescribers, and reduce medication errors. Saudi Arabia has a National Drug and Poison Information Center (NDPIC) responsible for answering drug queries. There is a lack of literature that reports the current scenario of drug information services in the country, especially the Eastern Province.

In vitro assessment of stainless steel orthodontic brackets coated with titanium oxide mixed Ag for anti-adherent and antibacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Orthodontic brackets made from stainless steel were introduced in dentistry, though they have less ability in reducing enamel demineralization and are not successful in preventing microbial as well as biofilm growth. In this study, we evaluated the significant role of different brackets in reducing enamel demineralization indirectly. Results from different tests indicate the significant reduction in adhesion, biofilm formation and slow growth of tested bacterial species on brackets coated with Ag + TiO2 and found to be statistically significant lower than control.

The Effect of Listening to Holy Quran Recitation on Weaning Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit: A Pilot Study.

Mechanical ventilation (MV) causes high level of stress in hospitalized patients. Weaning is the gradual process of decreasing ventilator support that in turn lead to termination of MV and increased respiratory effort, which may exacerbate symptoms and prolong MV. This study aimed to investigate the effect of listening to Holy Quran recitation (HQR) as a non-pharmacological intervention in patients during weaning from mechanical ventilation.

Changes in phenolic composition in olive tree parts according to development stage.

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the phenolic profile in different organs (buds, flowers, fruits and leaves) from Chemlali olive variety cultivated in the Center of Tunisia according to development stage. Phenolics recovery was carried out using aqueous methanol from freeze-dried powdered tissues. The extracts were then analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to time of flight and ion trap mass spectrometry detectors.

The anti-inflammatory effect of locally delivered nano-doxycycline gel in therapy of chronic periodontitis.

Background And Objective: To date, various drugs as host modulating agents had been suggested as adjunctive treatment modality in the therapy of chronic periodontal disease. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of subgingivally delivered nanostructured doxycycline gel (nDOX) was evaluated and compared to conventional doxycycline gel (DOX) used as adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP) in the treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis to reduce probing pocket depth.

Material And Methods: Nanostructured doxycycline gel (nDOX) was prepared using spray-drying technique with chitosan (CH) as a matrix polymer, followed by dispersion in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).

Primary paranasal sinus hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma: a case report.

Background: Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) is a rare low-grade tumour of salivary glands that was first described as a distinct entity in 1994 by Milchgrub et al. EWSR1-ATF1 fusion was found to be specific for this tumour. The majority of the reported cases of HCCC arise from minor salivary glands within the oral cavity.

Effects of potentially modifiable risk factors on the health of adults in the Eastern Province of KSA.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between selected major modifiable risk factors including life style habits, household income and smoking on health.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during 2015-2016 among 104 healthy men aged 38 ± 8 years. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that enquired about clinical information about blood pressure and body mass index.

The effectiveness of sequencing virtual patients with lectures in a deductive or inductive learning approach.

Background: Virtual patients (VPs) can be sequenced with other instructional methods in different ways.

Aim: To investigate the effect of sequencing VPs with lectures in a deductive approach, in comparison with an inductive approach, on students' knowledge acquisition, retention, and transfer.

Methods: For two different topics, 84 out of 87 students have participated in the lecture and VP sessions.

Removal of Phenolic Compounds from Water Using Sewage Sludge-Based Activated Carbon Adsorption: A Review.

Due to their industrial relevance, phenolic compounds (PC) are amongst the most common organic pollutants found in many industrial wastewater effluents. The potential detrimental health and environmental impacts of PC necessitate their removal from wastewater to meet regulatory discharge standards to ensure meeting sustainable development goals. In recent decades, one of the promising, cost-effective and environmentally benign techniques for removal of PC from water streams has been adsorption onto sewage sludge (SS)-based activated carbon (SBAC).

Developing a Research Instrument to Document Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitudes Regarding Breast Cancer and Early Detection Techniques for Pakistani Women: The Breast Cancer Inventory (BCI).

There is a general hesitation in participation among Pakistani women when it comes to giving their responses in surveys related to breast cancer which may be due to the associated stigma and conservatism in society. We felt that no research instrument was able to extract information from the respondents to the extent it was needed for the successful execution of our study. The need to develop a research instrument tailored for Pakistani women was based upon the fact that most Pakistani women come from a conservative background and sometimes view this topic as provocative and believe discussing publicly about it as inappropriate.

Brand versus generic dispensing trend for ciprofloxacin 500 mg, levofloxacin 500 mg, and moxifloxacin 400 mg (oral dosage forms) among pharmacies of Karachi, Pakistan.

Introduction: Pakistan spends 0.7% of its gross domestic product on health. The public sector health-care system provides services to 22% of population thus paving the way for a dominant private sector.

Synthesis and in vitro study of benzofuran hydrazone derivatives as novel alpha-amylase inhibitor.

The α-amylase acts as attractive target to treat type-2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore in discovering a small molecule as α-amylase inhibitor, we have synthesized benzofuran carbohydrazide analogs (1-25), characterized through different spectroscopic techniques such as HNMR and EI-MS. All screened analog shows good α-amylase inhibitory potentials with IC value ranging between 1.

The variation in quality and content of patient-focused health information on the Internet for otitis media.

Background: When symptoms of otitis media appear, parents and patients often access the Internet for health information. We study the content and quality of health information in parent-patient-focused websites for otitis media.

Methods: We searched the 3 search engines (Google, Yahoo, and Bing) using "otitis media" and "middle ear infection" then reviewed the top 30 hits for each search.

The updated grading system of prostate carcinoma: an inter-observer agreement study among general pathologists in an academic practice.

In 2016, the grading criteria for Gleason scoring (GS) have been updated in the WHO classification of tumors of the prostate, and a new set of grade groups (GG) was introduced. As the inter-observer discordance is a well-known concern in Gleason grading before the update and no reproducibility study testing the grade groups exists, we planned to evaluate the inter-observer agreement of the most updated grading system. Four pathologists assessed 126 cores of prostatic carcinoma, and Kappa (k) test was calculated.

Post bariatric Surgery Acute Axonal Polyneuropathy: Doing Your Best is Not Always Enough.

Neurological complications are frequently recognized with weight reduction surgeries for morbid obesity. The spectrum of peripheral neuropathies complicating the weight loss surgery is wide, and among them, the acute axonal peripheral neuropathy resembling Guillain-Barre syndrome is rare and only less than a dozen cases are reported. We present three cases, which after bariatric surgery developed acute polyneuropathy that rapidly progressed over 4 weeks from the onset.

Sanitary Worker's Death Unnerves Pakistan's Health Care Ethics to the Core.

Health care ethics is a sensitive domain, which if ignored, can lead to patient dissatisfaction, weakened doctor-patient interaction and episodes of violence. Little importance has been paid to medical ethics within undergraduate medical education in developing countries such as Pakistan. Three doctors in Pakistan are currently facing an official police complaint and arrest charges, following the death of a sanitary worker, who fell unconscious while cleaning a drain and was allegedly refused treatment as he was covered in sewage filth.

Successful treatment of acute renal failure secondary to complicated infective endocarditis by peritoneal dialysis: a case report.

Background: Infective endocarditis is one of the most common infections among intravenous drug addicts. Its complications can affect many systems, and these can include acute renal failure. There is a scarcity of cases in the literature related to acute renal failure secondary to infective endocarditis treated with peritoneal dialysis.

Fabrication and in vivo evaluation of hydroxyapatite/carbon nanotube electrospun fibers for biomedical/dental application.

The aim was to synthesize bioactive electrospun fibers for biomedical and dental application with improved biocompatibility. In situ precipitation of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) was performed with various concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 5% wt/wt) of functionalized multi-walled-carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by using microwave irradiation technique.

Synthesis, in vitro β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential and molecular docking studies of quinolines.

In this study synthesis and β-glucuronidase inhibitory potential of 3/5/8 sulfonamide and 8-sulfonate derivatives of quinoline (1-40) are discussed. Studies reveal that all the synthetic compounds were found to have good inhibitory activity against β-glucuronidase. Nonetheless, compounds 1, 2, 5, 13, and 22-24 having IC values in the range of 1.

Therapeutic effect of carnosine in rat model of experimental liver carcinogenesis.

The possible anticancer effect of carnosine versus doxorubicin was investigated against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) induced by trichloroacetic acid (TCA) (500mg/kg/day, p.o., for 5days) in rats.

Type 2 diabetes associated variants of KCNQ1 strongly confer the risk of cardiovascular disease among the Saudi Arabian population.

Genome-wide association studies have identified several loci associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Polymorphisms within the KCNQ1 (potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 1) gene are consistently associated with T2D in a number of populations. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the association of 3 polymorphisms of KCNQ1 (rs2237892, rs151290 and rs2237895) with T2D and/or CVD.