A case of choroidal osteoma in a 17-year-old female.

A 17-year female was referred for complaints of blurring and decreased vision in the right eye. The patient underwent fundus examination, optical coherence tomography and B-scan ultrasonography. A well-defined, yellow-orange colored lesion was present in the posterior pole.

Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Diseases: A Survey of the Opinions of Dental Professionals.

Objective: This cross-sectional survey aimed to assess the knowledge of dentists and dental assistants practicing in Saudi Arabia regarding diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal diseases.

Subjects And Methods: We used a pretested, closed-ended, multiple-choice questionnaire covering 2 principal sections: the assessment of previous educational training and practice, and the knowledge and scientific background regarding DM and periodontal diseases. The responses were grouped using the Likert-type scale.

Rheumatic immune-related adverse events secondary to anti-programmed death-1 antibodies and preliminary analysis on the impact of corticosteroids on anti-tumour response: A case series.

Importance: Rheumatic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occur in approximately 10-20% of anti-programmed death 1 (anti-PD1)-treated cancer patients. There are limited data on the natural history, optimal treatment and long-term oncological outcomes of patients with rheumatic irAEs.

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the spectrum and natural history of rheumatic irAEs and the potential impact of rheumatic irAEs and immunomodulators on anti-PD1 tumour efficacy.

Effect of Intensive Patient Education vs Placebo Patient Education on Outcomes in Patients With Acute Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Many patients with acute low back pain do not recover with basic first-line care (advice, reassurance, and simple analgesia, if necessary). It is unclear whether intensive patient education improves clinical outcomes for those patients already receiving first-line care.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of intensive patient education for patients with acute low back pain.

Associations between the -2548G/A Promoter and Baseline Weight and between Gln223Arg and Lys656Asn Variants and Change in BMI Scores in Arab Children and Adolescents Treated with Risperidone.

Data on baseline (antipsychotics-naïve) age, weight, and height, and change in these at 3 subsequent follow-up time points up to 313.6 days (95% CI 303.5-323.

A healthy infant with bloody tears: Case report and mini-review of the literature.

A 4-month old healthy infant was brought by her parents to the emergency department with bloody tears of three days duration. There was also intermittent yellowish discharge since birth and a history of flu-like symptoms a week prior to presentation. Extensive investigations revealed no infection or other possible etiologies.

Comparing ProFile Vortex to ProTaper Next for the efficacy of removal of root filling material: An micro-computed tomography study.

Aim: This study compared the efficacy of ProFile Vortex (PV) with that of ProTaper Next (PTN) for the removal of root canal filling material.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-six mesial canals of extracted mandibular first molars were instrumented, obturated with gutta-percha and sealant, and randomly allocated to a PTN (X3, X2, or X1) or PV group. The percentage of remaining material, amount of dentin removed, and extent of transportation were assessed using micro-computed tomography.

Erratum to "Overhydroxylation of Lysine of Collagen Increases Uterine Fibroids Proliferation: Roles of Lysyl Hydroxylases, Lysyl Oxidases, and Matrix Metalloproteinases".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/5316845.].

Therapeutic Intervention of Aloe Gel Containing Nano-Sized and Micron-Sized Silver Sulfadiazine Gel on Second-Degree Burn: A Comparative Study.

The current work focuses on the formulation development, optimization, and in vivo assessment of nano-sized silver sulfadiazine ( nSSD) and micron-sized silver sulfadiazine ( mSSD) topical gel composed of Aloe vera gel ( Aloe gel) and Carbopol 940 for the management of second-degree burn wound. The optimized concentration of gel-forming agent (Carbopol 940) was chosen based on best possible consistency and spreadability of the gel. The second-degree burn infliction was developed in the posterior region of rats followed by anesthesia.

Why do medical students forget anatomy later on? A qualitative study.

Objective: To explore medical students' perceptions of the factors contributing to retention of anatomy and its relevance to their clinical practice.

Methods: The qualitative study was conducted at Al Nafees Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan, in February 2017, and comprised final year students who appeared in a test of anatomy based on multiple choice questions. Six high achievers and six low achievers of the test were selected for in-depth one-on-one semi-structured interviews.

Research Techniques Made Simple: Sample Size Estimation and Power Calculation.

Sample size and power calculations help determine if a study is feasible based on a priori assumptions about the study results and available resources. Trade-offs must be made between the probability of observing the true effect and the probability of type I errors (α, false positive) and type II errors (β, false negative). Calculations require specification of the null hypothesis, the alternative hypothesis, type of outcome measure and statistical test, α level, β, effect size, and variability (if applicable).

Real Life Egyptian Experience of Daclatasvir Plus Sofosbuvir with Ribavirin in Naïve Difficult to Treat HCV Patients.

Background: Chronic infection with Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered as a major cause for developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. A new era in HCV treatment is ongoing using Direct Acting Antiviral activity (DAA). The first approved DAA drug was Sofosbuvir which has a high tolerability and preferable pharmacokinetic profile.

Spectrophotometric Comparison of Effectiveness of Two In-office Bleaching Agents with/without Light Activation: A Clinical Study.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of two different in-office bleaching agents, Zoom2 (Z) and Boost (B), regarding color stability 1-week, 2-week, 1-month and 2-month periods after treatment.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 patients each of whom had anterior teeth of shade A3 or darker were randomly selected from the pool of patients attending the Dental Hospital at the University of Dammam. For the Z group (n = 30), a light activation unit was used to activate the bleaching agent.

Continuous Assessment as a Good Motivational Tool in Medical Education.

Objective: Continuous assessment tests influence the learning needs of medical students at particular times but are also beneficial in scheduled learning, and act as motivating tool. These tests drive them to study by developing competition and optimism regarding the forthcoming result. This study has been designed to evaluate the role of these tests for medical students by learning about their motivation.

Diabetes Insipidus following Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Adenoma.

 Pituitary adenoma (PA), among the most commonly encountered sellar pathologies, accounts for 10% of primary intracranial tumors. The reported incidence of postoperative diabetes insipidus (DI) is highly variable. In this study, we report our experience with DI following endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for PAs, elucidating the risk factors of postoperative DI, the likelihood of long-term DI, and the impact of DI on the length of stay (LOS).

Patient safety awareness among Undergraduate Medical Students in Pakistani Medical School.

Objective: To measure the level of awareness of patient safety among undergraduate medical students in Pakistani Medical School and to find the difference with respect to gender and prior experience with medical error.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Lahore (UOL), Pakistan from January to March 2017, and comprised final year medical students. Data was collected using a questionnaire 'APSQ- III' on 7 point Likert scale.

The Midurethral Fascial "Sling on a String": An Alternative to Midurethral Synthetic Tapes in the Era of Mesh Complications.

Background: Surgery for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been dominated recently by synthetic midurethral tapes. Increasing recognition of serious complications associated with nonabsorbable polypropylene mesh has led to resurgence in interest in alternative approaches, such as the autologous fascial sling (AFS). Despite being an efficacious and durable option in women with recurrent and complex SUI, there has been a reluctance to consider AFS in women with primary SUI due to a perception that it is only appropriate for treating patients with intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) and is associated with high rates of urinary retention and de novo storage symptoms.

Contemporary outcomes of hypospadias retrieval surgery in adults.

Objective: To describe the surgical approach and outcomes in the treatment of adult patients with complications of childhood hypospadias surgery, as such patients present a significant reconstructive challenge due to the combination of anatomical and cosmetic deformity, which often results in major functional and psychosexual sequelae.

Patients And Methods: We analysed prospectively collected data on 79 adults with complications of childhood hypospadias surgery, who were operated on between 2004 and 2016. Of the 79 patients, 48 underwent a two-stage urethroplasty using a buccal mucosa graft, and 31 underwent a one-stage distal urethroplasty.

A comparison of debate and role play in enhancing critical thinking and communication skills of medical students during problem based learning.

Debate and role play for learning critical thinking and communication skills are being increasingly used in various undergraduate medical schools worldwide. We aim to compare students' views about effectiveness of two teaching strategies; debate and role play to exercise critical thinking and communication skills during problem-based learning (PBL). This is a comparative, cross-sectional, and questionnaire-based study.

Physician awareness of decompressive hemicraniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf countries.

Objective: To explore the perspective on Decompressive craniectomy (DH) of each of these specialties to establish common grounds for improved clinical practice.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed via email and social media groups to members of these specialties in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Gulf countries. Local practices, common triggers for referral for DH, perceived outcomes of these procedures, individual impression of what constitutes good clinical outcomes were explored.

Management of peritonitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis without catheter removal.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis is an important contributor to morbidity and mortality; Gram-positive bacteria constitute the most frequent associated pathogens (45%-60%) followed by Gram-negative bacteria (25%-40%) and fungal infection (3%-6%). Salmonella peritonitis is an extremely rare cause of peritonitis (0.15%).

Unilateral abdominal clonic seizures of parietal lobe origin: EEG findings.

Unilateral abdominal clonic seizures represent a peculiar and rare manifestation of focal onset epilepsy. We present the case of a 26-year-old man with right-sided abdominal clonic movements associated with seizures arising from the left parietal area. We show the ictal EEG correlates of these events, including source localization of early ictal spikes; findings that have not been demonstrated in previously reported cases.

The impact of pharmacists-led medicines reconciliation on healthcare outcomes in secondary care: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Adverse drug events (ADEs) impose a major clinical and cost burden on acute hospital services. It has been reported that medicines reconciliation provided by pharmacists is effective in minimizing the chances of hospital admissions related to adverse drug events.

Objective: To update the previous assessment of pharmacist-led medication reconciliation by restricting the review to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only.