Race, Gene Expression Signatures, and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With High-Risk Early Breast Cancer.

Importance: There has been little consideration of genomic risk of recurrence by breast cancer subtype despite evidence of racial disparities in breast cancer outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate associations between clinical trial end points, namely pathologic complete response (pCR) and distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS), and race and examine whether gene expression signatures are associated with outcomes by race.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Investigation of Serial Studies to Predict Your Therapeutic Response With Imaging and Molecular Analysis 2 (I-SPY 2) multicenter clinical trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with novel agents and combinations for patients with previously untreated stage II/III breast cancer.

Development of a novel cancer survivorship database to describe health care utilization patterns for Coloradans who have completed primary cancer treatment.

Purpose: Electronic health records (EHR) and data warehouses contain large amounts of data that hold promise for understanding and improving population health management. Utilizing the Health Data Compass (HDC) warehouse, a comprehensive and novel database of adult Coloradans who have completed curative-intent cancer treatment within a health care system was created. By analyzing patient demographics and health care utilization among this group, gaps in and barriers to coordinated care post-active cancer treatment may be identified and better understood.

WNT4 Regulates Cellular Metabolism via Intracellular Activity at the Mitochondria in Breast and Gynecologic Cancers.

Unlabelled: Wnt ligand WNT4 is critical in female reproductive tissue development, with WNT4 dysregulation linked to related pathologies including breast cancer (invasive lobular carcinoma, ILC) and gynecologic cancers. WNT4 signaling in these contexts is distinct from canonical Wnt signaling yet inadequately understood. We previously identified atypical intracellular activity of WNT4 (independent of Wnt secretion) regulating mitochondrial function, and herein examine intracellular functions of WNT4.

Sudden Shift to Telehealth in COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Disparities in Use of Telehealth for Prenatal Care in a Large Midwifery Service.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created disruption in health care delivery, including a sudden transition to telehealth use in mid-March 2020. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the mode of prenatal care visits and predictors of telehealth use (provider-patient messaging, telephone visits, and video visits) during the COVID-19 pandemic among those receiving care in a large, academic nurse-midwifery service.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of those enrolled for prenatal care in 2 nurse-midwifery clinics between 2019 and 2021 (n = 3172).

Antibiotic Treatment of -associated Clinical Disease in NSG Mice.

Depending on the strain of immunodeficient mice, infection can be asymptomatic or cause transient or prolonged skin disease. infection of NOD. Cg- /SzJ (NSG) mice results in clinical skin disease that progresses in severity.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Cervical Cancer, Version 1.2024.

The NCCN Guidelines for Cervical Cancer provide recommendations for all aspects of management for cervical cancer, including the diagnostic workup, staging, pathology, and treatment. The guidelines also include details on histopathologic classification of cervical cancer regarding diagnostic features, molecular profiles, and clinical outcomes. The treatment landscape of advanced cervical cancer is evolving constantly.

Lisocabtagene Maraleucel in Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Primary Analysis of the Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cohort From TRANSCEND NHL 001, a Phase I Multicenter Seamless Design Study.

Purpose: To report the primary analysis results from the mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) cohort of the phase I seamless design TRANSCEND NHL 001 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02631044) study.

Methods: Patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL after ≥two lines of previous therapy, including a Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi), an alkylating agent, and a CD20-targeted agent, received lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) at a target dose level (DL) of 50 × 10 (DL1) or 100 × 10 (DL2) chimeric antigen receptor-positive T cells.

Impact of healthcare inequities on survival in Mexican patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: The survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has improved dramatically due to novel systemic treatments. However, mRCC mortality continues to rise in Latin America.

Methods: A retrospective, multicenter study of patients diagnosed with mRCC between 2010-2018 in Mexico City was conducted.

Effective Communication About Lung Cancer Screening Without Iatrogenic Stigma: A Brief Report Case Study Using the Lung Cancer Stigma Communications Assessment Tool of .

Introduction: Stigma thwarts progress in lung cancer risk reduction and control and adversely affects patients across the entire lung cancer care continuum. In developing and disseminating patient and public-facing interventions to increase lung screening, we must be cognizant of how communications have the potential for further stigmatization of at-risk populations. Creation of the Lung Cancer Stigma Communications Assessment Tool (LCS-CAT) version 1 was supported by the American Cancer Society's National Lung Cancer Roundtable to help content developers identify, remove, and replace potentially stigmatizing language and imagery from materials designed to engage individuals across the lung cancer continuum.

Major cardiovascular adverse events in older adults with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer treated with adjuvant taxane + anthracycline versus taxane-based chemotherapy regimens: A SEER-medicare study.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more aggressive as compared to other subtypes of breast cancer with characteristic metastatic patterns and a poor prognosis. The standard of care for early-stage TNBC is historically anthracycline and taxane-based chemotherapy (ATAX). Despite the effectiveness of this regimen, anthracyclines carry a small but important risk of cardiotoxicity, which is specifically a concern in the older population.

"Go ahead and screen" - advice to healthcare systems for routine lynch syndrome screening from interviews with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is the most common cause of inherited colorectal cancer (CRC). Universal tumor screening (UTS) of newly diagnosed CRC cases is recommended to aid in diagnosis of LS and reduce cancer-related morbidity and mortality. However, not all health systems have adopted UTS processes and implementation may be inconsistent due to system and patient-level complexities.

Building Data Infrastructure for Disease-Focused Health Economics Research.

Background: Data infrastructure for cancer research is centered on registries that are often augmented with payer or hospital discharge databases, but these linkages are limited. A recent alternative in some states is to augment registry data with All-Payer Claims Databases (APCDs). These linkages capture patient-centered economic outcomes, including those driven by insurance and influence health equity, and can serve as a prototype for health economics research.

Basal Cell Skin Cancer, Version 2.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer in the United States. Due to the high frequency, BCC occurrences are not typically recorded, and annual rates of incidence can only be estimated. Current estimated rates are 2 million Americans affected annually, and this continues to rise.

Association of Frailty and Complications Following Prostate Biopsy: Results From a Population-Based, Privately Insured Cohort.

Introduction: Prostate needle biopsy (PNBx) is essential for prostate cancer diagnosis, yet it is not without risks. We sought to assess patients who underwent PNBx using a claims-based frailty index to study the association between frailty and postbiopsy complications from a large population-based cohort. We hypothesized that increased frailty would be associated with adverse outcomes.

Differential Effect of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Aspirin and Naproxen against (Fusion)-Driven and Non-Fusion-Driven Prostate Cancer.

The consumption of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) aspirin is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of developing (fusion)-positive prostate cancer (PCa) compared to fusion-negative PCa in population-based case-control studies; however, no extensive preclinical studies have been conducted to investigate and confirm these protective benefits. Thus, the focus of this study was to determine the potential usefulness of aspirin and another NSAID, naproxen, in PCa prevention, employing preclinical models of both (fusion)-driven (with conditional deletion of ) and non--driven (Hi-Myc mice) PCa. Male mice ( = 25 mice/group) were fed aspirin- (700 and 1400 ppm) and naproxen- (200 and 400 ppm) supplemented diets from (a) 6 weeks until 32 weeks of Hi-Myc mice age; and (b) 1 week until 20 weeks post-Cre induction in the fusion model.

E2F1, DIAP1, and the presence of a homologous chromosome promote while JNK inhibits radiation-induced loss of heterozygosity in Drosophila melanogaster.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) can occur when a heterozygous mutant cell loses the remaining wild-type allele to become a homozygous mutant. LOH can have physiological consequences if, for example, the affected gene encodes a tumor suppressor. We used fluorescent reporters to study the mechanisms of LOH induction by X-rays, a type of ionizing radiation (IR), in Drosophila melanogaster larval wing discs.

Activation of mTOR signaling in adult lung microvascular progenitor cells accelerates lung aging.

Reactivation and dysregulation of the mTOR signaling pathway are a hallmark of aging and chronic lung disease; however, the impact on microvascular progenitor cells (MVPCs), capillary angiostasis, and tissue homeostasis is unknown. While the existence of an adult lung vascular progenitor has long been hypothesized, these studies show that Abcg2 enriches for a population of angiogenic tissue-resident MVPCs present in both adult mouse and human lungs using functional, lineage, and transcriptomic analyses. These studies link human and mouse MVPC-specific mTORC1 activation to decreased stemness, angiogenic potential, and disruption of p53 and Wnt pathways, with consequent loss of alveolar-capillary structure and function.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes and Mediation: Challenges and How to Address Them.

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) emphasizes a focus on theory-driven processes and mediating variables, a laudable approach. The implementation of this approach would be advanced by addressing five challenges, including (a) distinguishing ACT processes in measurement contexts, (b) developing and rigorously validating measures of ACT processes, (c) the wide use of psychometrically weaker ACT process measures and the more limited use of stronger measures in earlier work, (d) the inconsistency of past evidence that ACT processes are sensitive or specific to ACT or mediate ACT outcomes specifically, and (e) improving statistical power and transparency. Drawing on the existing literature, we characterize and provide evidence for each of these challenges.

Longitudinal nucleocapsid antibody testing reveals undocumented SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with lung cancer.

Patients diagnosed with lung cancer (LC) exhibit increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Rodilla et al. monitor the levels of plasma anti-nucleocapsid antibodies within a cohort of fully vaccinated LC patients and reveal that the actual infection rate is nearly twice the documented rate, indicating a significant prevalence of unreported cases.