19,102 results match your criteria: "University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus;Dermatology Service[Affiliation]"

This article presents the CONSORT (consolidated standards of reporting trials) extension for cluster randomised crossover trials. A cluster randomised crossover trial involves randomisation of groups of individuals (known as clusters) to different sequences of interventions over time. The design has gained popularity in settings where cluster randomisation is required because it can largely overcome the loss in power due to clustering in parallel cluster trials.

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Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, conventional risk factors do not fully account for the increased risk. This study aimed to investigate whether serum proteins associate with diabetes status and the occurrence of CVD in T1DM.

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  • High-dose methotrexate (MTX) can lead to serious complications like acute kidney injury (AKI), neutropenia, and liver damage, but glucarpidase, an enzyme that breaks down MTX, shows potential benefits.
  • In a study of 708 patients with MTX-AKI across 28 cancer centers, those receiving glucarpidase had a significantly higher chance of kidney recovery and faster recovery times compared to those who did not receive the treatment.
  • Additionally, glucarpidase treatment was associated with lower rates of severe neutropenia and liver enzyme elevation, but there was no notable difference in mortality rates between the two groups.
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Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) brain metastasis (BrM) remains a significant clinical problem. Mucins have been implicated in metastasis; however, if they are also involved in BCBrM remains unknown. We queried BrM patient databases and found Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) to be upregulated and therefore sought to define the role of MUC5AC in BCBrM.

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Evidence suggests that a healthy gut microbiome is essential for metabolizing dietary phytochemicals. However, the microbiome's role in metabolite production and the influence of gut dysbiosis on this process remain unclear. Further, studies on the relationship among gut microbes, metabolites, and biological activities of phytochemicals are limited.

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  • Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a common condition among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), affecting up to 39% of individuals but lacks well-defined risk factors.
  • The study involved assessing 588 IBD patients using two validated questionnaires to identify SpA symptoms, revealing significant positive screenings for SpA among these patients.
  • Key risk factors for positive SpA screens included being female, older age, a history of smoking, bowel surgery, and exposure to biologic treatments, with a concerning number of undiagnosed cases identified.
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As temperatures defy heat records, it is difficult to ignore the implications of climate change for public health, including impacts on population health more specifically. In short, climate change is happening now and presents an immediate hazard to human health on a global scale. Age-related health effects are an inalienable truth; physiology is relatively universal, and so are the ways in which our bodies respond to different types and levels of exposures to environmental stressors at different lifestages.

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Background: Currently, there is no mathematical model used nationally to determine the medical urgency of patients on the heart transplant waitlist in the United States. While the current organ distribution system accounts for many patient factors, a truly objective model is needed to more reliably stratify patients by their medical acuity.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to develop risk scores (Colorado Heart failure Acuity Risk Model [CHARM] score) to predict mortality in adults waitlisted for heart transplant.

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This study examines whether adolescent nicotine and cannabis vaping types (i.e., nicotine-only, cannabis-only, and dual use) differ across sociodemographic and school characteristics (e.

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Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is an ongoing worldwide public health concern. Genetic factors contribute to multiple OUD-related phenotypes, such as opioid-induced analgesia, initiation of opioid use, and opioid dependence. Here, we present findings from a behavioral phenotyping protocol using male and female rats from 15 genetically diverse inbred strains from the Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel (HRDP).

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Background: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The stability of its mRNA transcript, determined in part by destabilizing sequences in its AAUU repeats (ARE) gene region, is an important regulator of its tissue and systemic levels. A deletion in the ARE region of the gene resulted in IBD and arthritis in mice and pigs, supporting a critical role for the cytokine in human IBD and several human arthritides.

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The role of epidemiologists in addressing the public health consequences of the United States criminal legal system.

Am J Epidemiol

January 2025

Department of Public Health Leadership and Practice, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

Exposure to the United States criminal legal system - whether through contact with law enforcement, incarceration in a jail or prison, or community supervision - is associated with a range of adverse health outcomes. There is mounting evidence that mass incarceration drives health inequities, particularly for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. However, relative to its outsized impacts on health and health inequities, the criminal legal system has received limited attention in epidemiology.

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Here, we present a protocol to alter the production of alternatively spliced mRNA variants, without affecting the overall gene expression, through CRISPR-Cas9-engineered genomic mutations in mice. We describe steps for designing guide RNA to direct Cas9 endonuclease to consensus splice sites, producing transgenic mice through pronuclear injection, and screening for desired mutations in cultured mammalian cells using a minigene splicing reporter. Splice isoform-specific mouse mutants provide valuable tools for genetic analyses beyond loss-of-function and transgenic alleles.

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Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 (T21) is present in a significant number of children and adults around the world and is associated with cognitive and medical challenges. Through research, the T21 Research Society (T21RS), established in 2014, unites a worldwide community dedicated to understanding the impact of T21 on biological systems and improving the quality of life of people with DS across the lifespan. T21RS hosts an international conference every two years to support collaboration, dissemination, and information sharing for this goal.

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Sweat chloride reflects CFTR function and correlates with clinical outcomes following CFTR modulator treatment.

J Cyst Fibros

January 2025

Cystic Fibrosis Therapeutics Development Network Coordinating Center, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Background: Highly effective CFTR modulators improve CFTR function and lead to dramatic improvements in health outcomes in many people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). The relationship between measures of CFTR function, such as sweat chloride concentration, and clinical outcomes in pwCF treated with CFTR modulators is poorly defined. We conducted analyses to better understand the relationships between sweat chloride and CFTR function in vitro, and between sweat chloride and clinical outcomes following CFTR modulator treatment.

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Moderate levels of folic acid benefit outcomes for cilia based neural tube defects.

Dev Biol

January 2025

Department of Molecular, Cellular and Development Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. Electronic address:

Folic acid (FA) supplementation is a potent tool to reduce devastating birth defects known as neural tube defects (NTDs). Though effective, questions remain how FA achieves its protective effect and which gene mutations are sensitive to folic acid levels. We explore the relationship between FA dosage and NTD rates using NTD mouse models.

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Background: In pediatric patients, the use of processed EEG monitoring may reduce the amount of anesthesia administered while maintaining adequate depth of anesthesia.

Aims: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether use of a BIS monitor to guide sevoflurane administration might reduce the average end tidal sevoflurane concentration used in children 4-18 years of age.

Methods: Participants in three age groups (4-8, 9-12, and 13-18 years) were randomized to either the BIS guided group or the control group.

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Article Synopsis
  • Recent advancements in deep learning (DL) are enhancing clinical tools for analyzing brain tumors in MRI, aiding in tumor segmentation, quantification, and classification.
  • DL provides objective and consistent measurements essential for accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and tracking disease progression.
  • Additionally, DL can help personalize medicine by predicting tumor characteristics and patient prognoses, with the review assessing both current uses and future possibilities.
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  • The study aimed to evaluate the pediatric Brain Injury Guidelines (pBIG) for identifying pediatric patients with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) who may not need further neuroimaging or hospitalization.
  • A total of 955 patients were analyzed, with findings showing that the majority had pBIG 2 or 3 injuries, and nearly 40% of those who had repeat imaging showed hemorrhage progression.
  • Those meeting pBIG 3 criteria were significantly more likely to need surgical intervention or face higher mortality rates, emphasizing the importance of the guidelines in determining treatment urgency.
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