Presentations to the Emergency Department for Problems Related to Mental Health: Sex Differences in Adolescents.

Background: Adolescents aged sixteen to eighteen years are mostly treated in adult emergency departments. In a study at our tertiary adult emergency department (ED) at the University Hospital in Bern (Inselspital), Switzerland, we found that adolescents significantly more often present with psychiatric problems than adults. The study at hand aimed to characterise those adolescents presenting to the ED triaged with a chief complaint regarding mental health.

Intraocular Pressure-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction of Retinal Blood Vessels Is Persistent, but Does Not Trigger Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss.

Research has been conducted into vascular abnormalities in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, but conclusions remain controversial. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that retinal endothelial dysfunction induced by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) persists after IOP normalization, further triggering retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. High intraocular pressure (HP) was induced in mice by episcleral vein occlusion (EVO).

Association between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorder.

Objective: Circadian rhythm disruption is commonly observed in bipolar disorder (BD). Daylight is the most powerful signal to entrain the human circadian clock system. This exploratory study investigated if solar insolation at the onset location was associated with the polarity of the first episode of BD I.

Assessment of blinding in randomized controlled trials of antidepressants for depressive disorders 2000-2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: In double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antidepressants, blinding can be broken due to the apparent side effects, and unsuccessful blinding can lead to overestimation of effect sizes. New generation antidepressants with less severe side effects may be less susceptible to broken blinding. However, successfulness of blinding in new generation antidepressant trials and its influence on trial effect size estimates remain unclear.

Combining Antidepressants vs Antidepressant Monotherapy for Treatment of Patients With Acute Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Combining antidepressants is frequently done in the treatment of acute depression, but studies have yielded conflicting results.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy. Combinations using presynaptic α2-autoreceptor antagonists or bupropion were investigated separately.

Chronic social defeat stress causes retinal vascular dysfunction.

Purpose: The roles of vascular dysfunction and chronic stress have been extensively discussed in the pathophysiology of glaucoma. Our aim was to test whether chronic stress causes retinal vascular dysfunction and therewith induces retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss.

Methods: Twelve mice underwent chronic social defeat (CSD) stress, while 12 mice received control treatment only.

Controlled drinking-non-abstinent versus abstinent treatment goals in alcohol use disorder: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Background And Aims: The proportion of untreated patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) exceeds that of any other mental health disorder, and treatment alternatives are needed. A widely discussed strategy is to depart from the abstinence paradigm as part of controlled drinking approaches. This first systematic review with meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy of non-abstinent treatment strategies compared with abstinence-based strategies.

Eater cooperates with Multiplexin to drive the formation of hematopoietic compartments.

Blood development in multicellular organisms relies on specific tissue microenvironments that nurture hematopoietic precursors and promote their self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation. The mechanisms driving blood cell homing and their interactions with hematopoietic microenvironments remain poorly understood. Here, we use the model to reveal a pivotal role for basement membrane composition in the formation of hematopoietic compartments.

Mental health effects of infection containment strategies: quarantine and isolation-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented number of people worldwide is currently affected by quarantine or isolation. These measures have been suggested to negatively impact on mental health. We conducted the first systematic literature review and meta-analysis assessing the psychological effects in both quarantined and isolated persons compared to non-quarantined and non-isolated persons.

The kinesin motor Klp98A mediates apical to basal Wg transport.

Development and tissue homeostasis rely on the tight regulation of morphogen secretion. In the wing imaginal disc epithelium, Wg secretion for long-range signal transduction occurs after apical Wg entry into the endosomal system, followed by secretory endosomal transport. Although Wg release appears to occur from the apical and basal cell sides, its exact post-endocytic fate and the functional relevance of polarized endosomal Wg trafficking are poorly understood.

Ykt6-dependent endosomal recycling is required for Wnt secretion in the wing epithelium.

Morphogens are important signalling molecules for tissue development and their secretion requires tight regulation. In the wing imaginal disc of flies, the morphogen Wnt/Wingless is apically presented by the secreting cell and re-internalized before final long-range secretion. Why Wnt molecules undergo these trafficking steps and the nature of the regulatory control within the endosomal compartment remain unclear.

Importance, Errors, and Patterns of Quotations to Psychiatric Original Articles.

Introduction: A substantial rate of quotation errors has been reported in medical journal publications: about 25% of all quotations are wrong. It is, however, entirely unclear how important quotation errors are for the message of quoting articles.

Methods: This is a case study in form of a retrospective quotation analysis of a cohort of 72 psychiatric original articles (index articles) from 5 German-language general psychiatric journals.

Inflammatory cell infiltration in left atrial appendageal tissues of patients with atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice and is known to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Previous studies suggested a link between inflammation and AF by findings of increased inflammatory markers in AF patients. However, it has not been finally clarified whether inflammation is a systemic or a local phenomenon reflecting an active inflammatory process in the heart.

Comparison of Subpectoral versus Prepectoral Immediate Implant Reconstruction after Skin- and Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Cohort Study.

Introduction: Implant-based immediate breast reconstruction (IBR) is a common surgical procedure in breast cancer patients. Comparative analysis concerning the placement of implants is still lacking. Hence, we aimed to analyze pre- versus subpectoral IBR in breast cancer patients.

SANRA-a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles.

Background: Narrative reviews are the commonest type of articles in the medical literature. However, unlike systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCT) articles, for which formal instruments exist to evaluate quality, there is currently no instrument available to assess the quality of narrative reviews. In response to this gap, we developed SANRA, the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles.