The mental wellbeing of female prisoners in Chile.

Objective: To measure and understand mental wellbeing among women prisoners in Chile, as part of a larger study.

Result: Sixty-eight sentenced prisoners in a women's prison participated in a survey, giving a response rate of 56.7%.

Position of digitally guided implants in completely edentulous maxillae by using a modified double-scan and overlap of three digital surface protocol.

Statement Of Problem: In patients with a completely edentulous maxilla, the variability in resilience and mucosal thickness and the lack of teeth and rigid supporting structures may lead to poor adaptation of the surgical guide and significant variation in the definitive implant position. Whether a modified double-scan technique with overlap of surfaces will improve implant placement is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the 3-dimensional position and the correlation of 6 dental implants in participants with a completely edentulous maxilla using a mucosa-supported flapless surgical guide designed with 3 matched digital surfaces obtained with a modified double-scan protocol.

Extubation failure after cardiac surgery in children with Down syndrome.

Unlabelled: Extubation failure (EF) after cardiac surgery is associated with poorer outcomes. Approximately 50% of children with Down syndrome (DS) have congenital heart disease. Our primary aim was to describe the frequency of EF and identify risk factors for its occurrence in a population of patients with DS after cardiac surgery.

Sweetener Purchases in Chile before and after Implementing a Policy for Food Labeling, Marketing, and Sales in Schools.

Background: Chile's landmark food labeling and advertising policy led to major reductions in sugar purchases. However, it is unclear whether this led to increases in the purchases of nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS).

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the changes in NNS and caloric-sweetened (CS) products purchased after the law's first phase.

Calcium signaling in lysosome-dependent cell death.

Calcium is a crucial messenger of intracellular and extracellular signals, regulating a great variety of cellular processes such as cell death, proliferation, and metabolism. Inside the cell, calcium signaling is one of the main interorganelle communication mediators, with central functional roles at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria, Golgi complex, and lysosomes. Lysosomal function is highly dependent on lumenal calcium and most of the lysosomal membrane-localised ion channels regulate several lysosomal functions and properties such as lumenal pH.

Rosuvastatin Synergistically Enhances the Antinociceptive Efficacy of Duloxetine in Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain in Mice.

Paclitaxel, a widely used cancer chemotherapeutic agent, has high incidence of neurotoxicity associated with the production of neuropathic pain, for which only duloxetine has shown significant but moderate analgesic effect. Since statins, classically used to reduce hypercholesterolemia, have shown antinociceptive effect in preclinical studies on neuropathic pain, we studied whether the antinociceptive efficacy of duloxetine could be synergistically potentiated by rosuvastatin in a model of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in mice. The astrocytic and microglial responses in the spinal cord of paclitaxel-treated mice were also assessed by measuring GFAP and CD11b proteins, respectively.

Framing a New Nutrition Policy: Changes on Key Stakeholder's Discourses throughout the Implementation of the Chilean Food Labelling Law.

The global implementation of structural policies to tackle obesity has been slow, likely because of the competing interests of governments and the food industry. We used the discussion of the Chilean Food Labeling Law to identify influential stakeholders in the media and their frames during different periods of the law's implementation. This involved a content analysis of the food regulation media coverage in five key periods from 2007, when the food bill was first introduced in Congress, to 2018, when the second phase of the law was implemented (N = 1295).

Socioeconomic inequalities in dental visits among high school students in Chile, years 2013 and 2017.

Objective: To analyze prevalence changes in dental visits and socioeconomic inequalities among high school students in Chile, years 2013 and 2017.

Methods: Analysis of nationally representative data from 2013 and 2017 waves of the Chilean National Socioeconomic Characterization Survey (CASEN). In a sample of high school students aged 14 to 20 years old (n=12699 in 2013; n=11122 in 2017) we investigated prevalence of dental visits in the last 3 months, by urban-rural residence, sex, type of health insurance, type of school, income level and benefit of dental care at school.

Exploring long COVID condition in Latin America: Its impact on patients' activities and associated healthcare use.

Background: Studies exploring long COVID condition (LCC) in low- and middle-income countries are scarce. Further characterization of LCC patients experiencing activity limitations and their associated healthcare use is needed. This study aimed to describe LCC patients' characteristics, its impact on activities, and associated healthcare use in Latin America (LATAM).

Transgenerational transmission of reproductive and metabolic dysfunction in the male progeny of polycystic ovary syndrome.

The transgenerational maternal effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in female progeny are being revealed. As there is evidence that a male equivalent of PCOS may exists, we ask whether sons born to mothers with PCOS (PCOS-sons) transmit reproductive and metabolic phenotypes to their male progeny. Here, in a register-based cohort and a clinical case-control study, we find that PCOS-sons are more often obese and dyslipidemic.

Volatile organic compounds measured by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry over the complex terrain of Quintero Bay, Central Chile.

This research provides new evidence regarding the different kinds of air quality episodes, and their underlying mechanisms, that frequently impact the urban area of Quintero Bay in Central Chile, which is located along complex coastal terrain and is surrounded by industries. The monitoring campaign was carried out in January 2022 and encompassed two distinctive meteorological regimes. The first part of the month was dominated by a coastal low centered to the south of Quintero, which resulted in prevailing northerly flow (or weak southerlies) and a deep cloud-topped marine boundary layer.

Adolescent sedentary behavior and body composition in early adulthood: results from a cohort study.

Background: This study investigates the cross-sectional and prospective associations between accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and body composition from adolescence to early adulthood.

Methods: Data from the Santiago Longitudinal Study were analyzed (n = 212). Sedentary time was measured at age 16 years, and body composition (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio [WHtR], fat mass percentage, and lean mass percentage) was examined at both age 16 and 23 years.

Prediction of band edge potentials and reaction products in photocatalytic copper and iron sulfides.

The prediction of band edge potentials in photocatalytic materials is an important but challenging task. In contrast, bandgaps can be easily determined through absorption spectra. Here, we present two simple theoretical approaches for the determination of band edge potentials which are based on the electron negativity and work function of each constituent atom.

Self-reported periodontitis association with impaired smell and taste: A multicenter survey.

Objectives: To investigate the association between self-reported periodontitis and the senses of taste and smell among employees of one Danish and two American universities.

Materials And Methods: Data were collected through a digital survey. A total of 1239 individuals from Aarhus University - Denmark, the University of Iowa, and the University of Florida - USA were included.

A Cross-Sectional, Retrospective, and Comparative Study between Delirium and Non-Delirium Psychiatric Disorders in a Psychogeriatric Inpatient Population Referred to Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Unit.

Delirium is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder in inpatient older people. Its presence is associated with higher rates of institutionalization, functional disability and mortality. This study aims to evaluate delirium in a hospitalized psychogeriatric population, focusing on which factors predict the appearance of delirium, the impact it generates and the diagnostic concordance between non-psychiatric physicians and psychiatrists.

In Silico Design of a Chimeric Humanized L-asparaginase.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer among children worldwide, characterized by an overproduction of undifferentiated lymphoblasts in the bone marrow. The treatment of choice for this disease is the enzyme L-asparaginase (ASNase) from bacterial sources. ASNase hydrolyzes circulating L-asparagine in plasma, leading to starvation of leukemic cells.

DAxud1 Has a Repressive Transcription Activity on and Other Heat Shock Genes.

DAxud1 is a transcription factor that belongs to the Cysteine Serine Rich Nuclear Protein (CSRNP) family, conserved in metazoans, with a transcriptional transactivation activity. According to previous studies, this protein promotes apoptosis and Wnt signaling-mediated neural crest differentiation in vertebrates. However, no analysis has been conducted to determine what other genes it might control, especially in connection with cell survival and apoptosis.

TNF-Alpha Promotes an Inflammatory Mammary Microenvironment That Favors Macrophage and Epithelial Migration in a CCL2- and Mitochondrial-ROS-Dependent Manner.

The influence of an inflammatory microenvironment on tumorigenesis has been widely accepted. Systemic conditions that favor the onset of an inflammatory landscape predispose the progression of breast cancer. Under obesity conditions, the endocrine function of adipose tissue is one of the main determinants of the production of local and systemic inflammatory mediators.

Compositional Changes in Sediment Microbiota Are Associated with Seasonal Variation of the Water Column in High-Altitude Hyperarid Andean Lake Systems.

The lacustrine systems of La Brava and La Punta, located in the Tilopozo sector in the extreme south of Salar de Atacama, are pristine high-altitude Andean lakes found along the central Andes of South America. This shallow ecosystem suffers from permanent evaporation, leading to falling water levels, causing it to recede or disappear during the dry season. This dynamic causes physicochemical changes in lakes, such as low nutrient availability, pH change, and dissolved metals, which can influence the composition of the microbial community.