Adv Exp Med Biol
March 2000
Department of Medicine, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, Italy.
Hepatology
October 1999
Department of Medicine and Ageing, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio", Italy.
Despite the many efforts to delineate the clinical manifestations of gallbladder disease, the precise symptom complex associated with gallstones is still a matter of debate, and even the existence of gallstone-specific symptoms has been questioned. We carried out a large population-based cross-sectional study (MICOL) to identify symptoms significantly related to gallstones. Fourteen centers throughout Italy enrolled 29,504 subjects aged 30 to 69 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharmacol Exp Ther
July 1999
Department of Medicine and Aging, Division of Pharmacology, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy.
We evaluated whether therapeutic blood levels of meloxicam are associated with selective inhibition of monocyte cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in vitro and ex vivo. Concentration-response curves for the inhibition of monocyte COX-2 and platelet COX-1 were obtained in vitro after the incubation of meloxicam with whole blood samples. Moreover, 11 healthy volunteers received placebo or 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirculation
January 1999
Departments of Medicine and Aging, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Catholic University School of Medicine,Rome, Italy.
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with enhanced lipid peroxidation and persistent platelet activation. We tested the hypothesis that the in vivo formation of the F2-isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin (PG)F2alpha, a bioactive product of arachidonic acid peroxidation, is enhanced in DM and contributes to platelet activation.
Methods And Results: Urine samples were obtained from 85 diabetic patients and 85 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects for measurement of immunoreactive 8-iso-PGF2alpha and 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (TXM), an in vivo index of platelet activation.
Clin Pharmacol Ther
June 1998
Department of Medicine and Aging, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, School of Medicine, Italy.
Background: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that nimesulide, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, or its principal metabolite 4-hydroxynimesulide, is a selective inhibitor of prostaglandin H synthase-2 in human beings.
Methods: Heparinized whole blood samples obtained from healthy subjects were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (10 micrograms/ml) for 24 hours at 37 degrees C and prostaglandin E2 was measured in plasma as an index of monocyte prostaglandin H synthase-2 activity. The production of thromboxane B2 in whole blood allowed to clot at 37 degrees C for 60 minutes was assessed as an index of platelet prostaglandin H synthase-1 activity.
Circulation
March 1998
Department of Medicine, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
Background: Hypercholesterolemia is considered a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Enhanced lipid peroxidation and persistent platelet activation can be observed in vivo in hypercholesterolemic patients and may have pathophysiological implications in the occurrence of cardiovascular events. P-selectin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of multicellular events, including atherosclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Physiol Pharmacol
December 1997
Department of Medicine and Aging, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, School of Medicine, Italy.
We have evaluated the selectivity in vitro of various conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and new anti-inflammatory compounds (NS-398, L-745,337 and SC58125) in inhibiting the cyclooxygenase activity of platelet prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS)-1 and monocyte PGHS-2 in a human whole blood assay. The effects of the compounds towards the cyclooxygenase activity of monocyte PGHS-2 induced in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was evaluated by measuring the levels of PGE2 produced in plasma. The effects of the same inhibitors on platelet PGHS-1 activity were assessed by allowing 1-ml whole blood samples to clot at 37 degrees C for 1 h in the presence of the compounds and measuring immunoreactive TXB2 levels in serum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
November 1997
Department of Medicine, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy.
F2-isoprostanes are bioactive prostaglandin (PG)-like compounds that are produced from arachidonic acid through a nonenzymatic process of lipid peroxidation catalyzed by oxygen free-radicals. 8-Epi-PGF2 alpha may amplify the platelet response to agonists, circulates in plasma, and is excreted in urine. We examined the hypothesis that the formation of 8-epi-PGF2 alpha is altered in patients with hypercholesterolemia and contributes to platelet activation in this setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirculation
August 1997
Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
Background: We have previously reported aspirin failure in suppressing enhanced thromboxane (TX) biosynthesis in a subset of episodes of platelet activation during the acute phase of unstable angina. The recent discovery of a second prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS-2), inducible in response to inflammatory or mitogenic stimuli, prompted us to reexamine TXA2 biosynthesis in unstable angina as modified by two cyclooxygenase inhibitors differentially affecting PGHS-2 despite a comparable impact on platelet PGHS-1.
Methods And Results: We randomized 20 patients (15 men and 5 women aged 59+/-10 years) with unstable angina to short-term treatment with aspirin (320 mg/d) or indobufen (200 mg BID) and collected 6 to 18 consecutive urine samples.
Circulation
July 1997
Department of Medicine, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, Italy.
Background: Previous studies relating increased thromboxane (TX) biosynthesis to cardiovascular risk factors do not answer the question whether platelet activation is merely a consequence of more prevalent atherosclerotic lesions or reflects the influence of metabolic and hemodynamic disturbances on platelet biochemistry and function.
Methods And Results: We examined 64 patients with large-vessel peripheral arterial disease and 64 age- and sex-matched control subjects. TXA2 biosynthesis was investigated in relation to cardiovascular risk factors by repeated measurements of the urinary excretion of its major enzymatic metabolite, 11-dehydro-TXB2, by radioimmunoassay.
Neurosci Lett
May 1997
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chieti G.D'Annunzio, Italy.
The activity of catalase, the main enzyme responsible for detoxification against hydrogen peroxide, decreases in specific brain areas of aged rats. The reduction of enzyme activity appears to be the consequence of a decreased protein expression rather than an impaired function of the native enzyme. In fact, diminution of the immunoreactive protein parallels enzyme activity decrease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biol Chem
January 1997
Institute of Biochemical Sciences, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio," 66100 Chieti, Italy.
Madin-Darby canine kidney cells infected with Sendai virus rapidly lose GSH without increase in the oxidized products. The reduced tripeptide was quantitatively recovered in the culture medium of the cells. Since the GSH loss in infected cells was not blocked by methionine, a known inhibitor of hepatocyte GSH transport, a nonspecific leakage through the plasma membrane is proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharmacol
November 1996
Department of Pharmacology I, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Palazzina delle Scuole di Specializzazione, Italy.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the selectivity of flurbiprofen and flurbinitroxybutylester for inhibition of the cyclooxygenase activity of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 vs. prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 in human blood monocytes and platelets, respectively. In whole blood, flurbiprofen was approximately 10-fold more potent that flurbinitroxybutylester to inhibit the cyclooxygenase activity of platelet prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 (IC50 microM: 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Pharmacol
July 1996
Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
1. The isoprostane 8-epi-prostaglandin (PG)F2 alpha is produced by free radical-catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid. It may also be formed as a minor product of the cyclo-oxygenase activity of platelet PGH synthase (PGHS)-1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Pharmacol
November 1995
Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
1. We have evaluated the selectivity of ketoprofen and two novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, N-[2-(cyclohexyloxy)-4-nitrophenyl]methanesulphonamide (NS-398) and 5-methanesulphonamido-6-(2,4-difluorothiophenyl)-1-indano ne (L-745,337), in inhibiting the cyclo-oxygenase activity of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 (PGHS-2) vs PGHS-1 in human blood monocytes and platelets, respectively. 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Pharmacol Ther
September 1995
Department of Medicine, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
Background: The active metabolite of the anti-inflammatory drug nabumetone has been characterized as a selective inhibitor of the inducible prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS). The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of eicosanoid biosynthesis after oral dosing with nabumetone in nine healthy subjects.
Methods: We measured the urinary excretion of products of platelet (11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 [TXB2]) and renal (prostaglandin IF2 alpha [PGF2 alpha]) arachidonate metabolism as in vivo indexes of the constitutive PGHS-1 pathway.
Thromb Haemost
July 1995
Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
Semin Nephrol
May 1995
Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
The co-administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antihypertensive agents often, but not always, results in blunting of the effect of antihypertensive therapy. Although NSAIDs have no detectable pressor effects in normal subjects or untreated hypertensive people, they seem to antagonize the action of the majority of antihypertensive agents, making it necessary to increase their dosage, and often preventing proper control of blood pressure, particularly in black and elderly patients. The mechanism of this pharmacodynamic interaction is not completely understood, but may involve inhibition of vascular and renal prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, with resulting vasoconstriction and impaired renal excretion of Na+ and water.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChest
February 1995
School of Thoracic Surgery, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, Italy.
Between June 1958 and December 1991, 315 patients (217 male and 98 female, mean age = 17.8 +/- 5.5 years) affected by pectus excavatum (PE) were surgically treated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot Res
May 1995
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
December 1994
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, School of Medicine, Italy.
The aim of our study was to characterize a model of human prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 (PGHS-2) expression allowing the assessment of pharmacological inhibition in vitro and ex vivo. Heparinized human whole blood samples were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.1-50 micrograms/ml) for 0 to 24 hr at 37 degrees C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN Engl J Med
May 1994
Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio School of Medicine, Italy.
Epidemiol Infect
April 1994
Institute of Hygiene, Medical School, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, Chieti Scalo, Italy.
A cluster of disseminated Candida albicans infections, which occurred at the Intensive Care Unit of the Department of Heart Surgery, was investigated. Ten patients became infected and seven died. A wide microbiological surveillance was carried out.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Exp Med Biol
October 1995
Institute of Biochemical Sciences, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio.
J Lipid Mediat
September 1993
Department of Pharmacology, University of Chieti G. D'Annunzio, School of Medicine, Italy.
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