Disparities in care and outcomes for adolescent and young adult lymphoma patients.

Though survival outcomes among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with lymphoma have improved over the last three decades, socially vulnerable populations including non-White, low-income, and publicly insured groups continue to trail behind on survival curves. These disparities, while likely the result of both biological and non-biological factors, can be largely attributed to inequities in care over the full cancer continuum. Nationally representative studies have demonstrated that from diagnosis through therapy and into long-term survivorship, socially vulnerable AYAs with lymphoma face barriers to care that impact their short and long-term survival.

Regional distribution in female representation in US otolaryngology faculty.

Objectives: To quantify the current proportion of women in otolaryngology at different levels of professorship and determine whether these proportions differ by US region.

Methods: Academic rank and gender at all ACGME-accredited otolaryngology programs in the United States were determined from departmental websites, Doximity, and LinkedIn from November 2021 to March 2022. Individuals were then further organized using US Census Bureau-designated regions.

Presence but not number of secondary type mutations influences outcome in de novo AML without MDS-associated or recurring cytogenetic abnormalities.

A group of gene mutations has been identified to be strongly associated with secondary acute myeloid leukemias (AML) arising from prior myeloid neoplasms. The International Consensus Classification (ICC) and proposed 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification differ by inclusion of . A recent study suggested that having two or more secondary mutations is associated with a particularly poor prognosis.

Narrative medicine workshops for emergency medicine residents: Effects on empathy and burnout.

Background: Emergency medicine (EM) residents face unique affective challenges and barriers to interpersonal connection in their clinical environment which may contribute to decreased empathy and increased burnout. Narrative medicine (NM) might address these barriers and has had beneficial impacts in various populations but has never been studied in EM residents. In this study, we sought to evaluate the effect of NM workshops on burnout and empathy and to assess resident perceptions of the workshops.

Seven reasons why binary diagnostic categories should be replaced with empirically sounder and less stigmatizing dimensions.

Background: An ongoing positive revolution advocates a new approach to the individual differences in human emotions, cognitions, and behavior that cause distress and impair functioning. This revolution endorses the long-proposed, but still unrealized rejection of the medical model, which attributes psychological problems to a sick brain or mind. In addition, it advocates replacing the binary diagnoses used in ICD and DSM, which assume a clear discontinuity between "normal" and "abnormal" functioning, with continuous dimensions of psychological problems.

Advice and perspectives from navigating the couples match in otolaryngology: A qualitative pilot study.

Introduction: There is a lack of qualitative analysis of the personal experiences within Couples Matching. In this qualitative study, we aim to record personal attitudes, reflections, and advice on experiences with the Couples Match process.

Methods: Our survey, consisting of two open-ended questions regarding the experience of Couples Matching, was distributed from January 2022 to March 2022 via email to 106 otolaryngology program directors across the nation.

Is species richness mediated by functional and genetic divergence? A global analysis in birds.

Unravelling why species richness shows such dramatic spatial variation is an ongoing challenge. Common to many theories is that increasing species richness (e.g.

Otolaryngology Away Subinternships: An Analysis of the Application Process and Survey of Current Applicants' Perspectives.

Objective: To assess the availability and uniformity of application information for away subinternships and survey 4th-year medical students on their experiences obtaining away subinternships in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) during the 2022 to 2023 application cycle.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Online survey.

Locomotor behavior and hearing sensitivity in an early lagomorph reconstructed from the bony labyrinth.

The structure of the bony labyrinth is highly informative with respect to locomotor agility (semicircular canals [SCC]) and hearing sensitivity (cochlear and oval windows). Here, we reconstructed the agility and hearing sensitivity of the stem lagomorph from the early Oligocene of the Brule Formation of Nebraska (USA). has proportionally smaller SCCs with respect to its body mass compared with most extant leporids but within the modern range of variability, suggesting that it was less agile than most of its modern relatives.

Seasonal plasticity in morphology and metabolism differs between migratory North American and resident Costa Rican monarch butterflies.

Environmental heterogeneity in temperate latitudes is expected to maintain seasonally plastic life-history strategies that include the tuning of morphologies and metabolism that support overwintering. For species that have expanded their ranges into tropical latitudes, it is unclear the extent to which the capacity for plasticity will be maintained or will erode with disuse. The migratory generations of the North American (NA) monarch butterfly lead distinctly different lives from their summer generation NA parents and their tropical descendants living in Costa Rica (CR).

Surgical strategy for airway management and bleeding control in penetrating neck injury in zone II: A case report.

We report the case of a 33-year-old man with a self-inflicted neck wound with severe hypopharynx injury, and hemorrhagic shock, which was well managed by a trauma surgeon trained in esophageal surgery. Training in cervical lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer could be useful in the management of penetrating neck injuries.

Is it worth it? A qualitative analysis of the impact of medical education fellowships on careers.

Objectives: Medical education fellowships provide training in teaching, assessment, educational program administration, and scholarship. The longitudinal impact of this training is unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of medical education fellowships on the careers of graduates.

Unique hepatic manifestations of COVID-19-induced immune dysregulation in children.

The two cases we present are the first to demonstrate novel manifestations of COVID-19 related interaction between the liver and the immune system in pediatric patients. Written informed consent was obtained from the parent/guardian to publish this report in accordance with the journal's patient consent policy.

Who deserves what and why during the COVID-19 pandemic: Applying the CARIN principles of deservingness to the American welfare state.

How does the public decide who is deserving of welfare benefits? To shed light on this question, we investigate whether the CARIN principles of deservingness-specifically the ideas of control, attitude, reciprocity, identity, and need-impact the public's perception of American welfare target groups. We draw contrast between traditional welfare programs and pandemic-related programs to gain a more comparative understanding of the principles' effects as well as to determine what role the pandemic may play in shaping welfare perceptions. We report that positive, deserving social constructions exist for recipients of both traditional and pandemic-related welfare programs, and we find evidence that the distinction between traditional and pandemic-related programs is important for deservingness perceptions in the US.

A workforce study of emergency medicine medical education fellowship directors: Describing roles, responsibilities, support, and priorities.

Introduction: Despite emergency medicine (EM) medical education fellowships increasing in number, the position of the medical education fellowship director (FD) remains incompletely defined. The goal of this study was to characterize the roles, responsibilities, support, and priorities for medical education FDs.

Methods: We adapted and piloted an anonymous electronic survey consisting of 31 single-answer, multiple-answer, and free-response items.

Measuring SARS-CoV-2 aerosolization in rooms of hospitalized patients.

Objective: Airborne spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a significant risk for healthcare workers. Understanding transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the hospital could help minimize nosocomial infection. The objective of this pilot study was to measure aerosolization of SARS-CoV-2 in the hospital rooms of COVID-19 patients.

Attempting genetic inference from directional asymmetry during convergent hindlimb reduction in squamates.

Loss and reduction in paired appendages are common in vertebrate evolution. How often does such convergent evolution depend on similar developmental and genetic pathways? For example, many populations of the threespine stickleback and ninespine stickleback (Gasterosteidae) have independently evolved pelvic reduction, usually based on independent mutations that caused reduced expression. Reduced expression has also been implicated in pelvic reduction in manatees.

Efficacy and tolerability of a modified pediatric-inspired intensive regimen for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in older adults.

Although acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is most common in pediatric and adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients, 20% of cases are diagnosed in patients ≥ 55 years old. Use of intensive pediatric regimens in AYA populations has demonstrated excellent tolerability and significant improvements in event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). The backbone of pediatric regimens includes asparaginase and corticosteroids, both of which are associated with more toxicity in older patients and those with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m which leads to poor tolerance of these regimens.

"A sorely neglected field": A multisite study of self-reported humanities exposure among emergency medicine residents.

Background: The Association of American Medical Colleges has identified the humanities as fundamental to medical education across all specialties. Evidence from undergraduate medical education (UME) demonstrates the humanities' positive impacts on outcomes that could be relevant to patient care and trainee well-being in emergency medicine (EM) residency training. However, less is known about the humanities' role in graduate medical education (GME).

Approach considerations for the management of strangulation in the emergency department.

Patients with a history of strangulation present to the emergency department with a variety of different circumstances and injury patterns. We review the terminology, pathophysiology, evaluation, management, and special considerations for strangulation injuries, including an overview of forensic considerations and legal framework for strangulation events.