73,414 results match your criteria: "University of Chicago[Affiliation]"

Volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs) are heteromeric complexes formed by proteins of the leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 (LRRC8) family. LRRC8A (also known as SWELL1) is the core subunit required for VRAC function, and it must combine with one or more of the other paralogues (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) created psychosis Biotypes based on neurobiological measurements in a multi-ancestry sample. These Biotypes cut across DSM diagnoses of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychosis. Two recently developed post hoc ancestry adjustment methods of Polygenic Risk Scores (PRSs) generate Ancestry-Adjusted PRSs (AAPRSs), which allow for PRS analysis of multi-ancestry samples.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mutability and hypermutation antagonize immunoglobulin codon optimality.

Mol Cell

December 2024

Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

The efficacy of antibody responses is inherently linked to paratope diversity, as generated through V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation. Despite this, it is unclear how genetic diversification mechanisms evolved alongside codon optimality and affect antibody expression. Here, we analyze germline immunoglobulin (IG) genes, natural V(D)J repertoires, serum IgG, and monoclonal antibody (mAb) expression through the lens of codon optimality.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To study if patients who would be deemed high-risk individuals by traditional classifications of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) or the updated guidelines of ASA Practice Advisory (ASAPA) can safely undergo surgery under wide-awake local anesthesia, no tourniquet in a procedure room setting without any increased risks of complications.

Methods: We analyzed 436 surgeries performed in our procedure room over a 4-year period. No medical comorbidities precluded a patient from surgery within the procedure room, and no preoperative clearance was required.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Synthesis and Stability of High-Energy-Density Niobium Nitrides under High-Pressure Conditions.

Inorg Chem

December 2024

The Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Science, Washington D.C. 20015, United States.

High-energy-density materials (HEDMs) are crucial in various applications, from energy storage to defense technologies. Transition metal polynitrides are promising candidates for HEDMs. Using single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction, we investigated the crystal structures of niobium nitride, specifically NbN and NbN, under high-pressure conditions of up to 86 GPa.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Family-based treatment (FBT) is the leading evidence-based treatment for adolescent eating disorders, but research exploring access and engagement in FBT is sparse. This paper focuses on findings from a broader study, specifically addressing the social determinants of health (SDH) impeding access and engagement in FBT for diverse families (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Intracranial multimodal monitoring (iMMM) is increasingly used in neurocritical care, but a lack of standardization hinders its evidence-based development. Here, we devised core outcome sets (COS) and reporting guidelines to harmonize iMMM practices and research.

Methods: An open, decentralized, three-round Delphi consensus study involved experts between December 2023 and June 2024.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: There are scarce data on risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in Asian populations. Our goal was to advance knowledge on reproductive -related risk factors for EOC in a large population of Asian women.

Methods: This study used pooled individual data from baseline questionnaires in 11 prospective cohorts (baseline years, 1958-2015) in the Asia Cohort Consortium.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Why abortion is healthcare.

Nurs Outlook

December 2024

Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Electronic address:

This invited commentary provides an in-depth critique and analysis of "Abortion is healthcare: In what sense?" (Martsolf, Tollefsen, and Curlin). We reject the claims put forth in their piece on three distinct grounds. First, the language used throughout the manuscript is imprecise and ableist.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes: Effects on local policy support, discrimination, and stigma in a United States national survey.

Prev Med

December 2024

Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Urban Health Lab, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.

Objective: To examine associations between passive exposure to opioid crisis information and public attitudes toward opioid use disorder (OUD) policies and stigma among United States (US) adults.

Methods: A nationally representative survey of 6543 US adults was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024. Participants reported passive exposure to opioid crisis information from various sources.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Evaluating post-cardiac arrest blood pressure thresholds associated with neurologic outcome in children: Insights from the pediRES-Q database.

Resuscitation

December 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1184 5th Ave, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Background: Current Pediatric Advanced Life Support Guidelines recommend maintaining blood pressure (BP) above the 5th percentile for age following return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest (CA). Emerging evidence suggests that targeting higher thresholds, such as the 10th or 25th percentiles, may improve neurologic outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the association between post-ROSC BP thresholds and neurologic outcome, hypothesizing that maintaining mean arterial pressure (MAP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) above these thresholds would be associated with improved outcomes at hospital discharge.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Interleukin-23 inhibition is effective in treating ulcerative colitis. Guselkumab is a dual-acting, human IgG1, interleukin-23p19 subunit inhibitor that potently neutralises interleukin-23 and can bind to CD64. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of guselkumab as induction and maintenance therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Regional anesthetic approach and surgical volume have been shown to outcomes in patients undergoing Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum. However, their independent relationship is not described. We investigated how regional anesthesia and surgical volume are associated with length of stay (LOS), postoperative opioid use, operating room utilization, and complications.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

NK cells restrain cytotoxic CD8 T cells in the submandibular gland via PD-1-PD-L1.

Sci Immunol

December 2024

Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

The increasing use of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint blockade has led to the emergence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including dysfunction of the submandibular gland (SMG). In this study, we investigated the immunoregulatory mechanism contributing to the susceptibility of the SMG to irAEs. We found that the SMGs of PD-1-deficient mice and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-treated mice harbor an expanded population of CD8 T cells.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The difficult airway is frequently encountered across many scenarios. The extreme form is a "cannot intubate and cannot oxygenate" scenario, which lacks a reliable rescue technique. Previous case reports or studies with small sample sizes indicate the feasibility and efficiency of an endotracheal tube in the pharynx (TTIP) to ventilate patients.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Sexually minoritized men (SMM), transgender women (TW), and particularly Black SMM and Black TW may be disproportionately impacted by alcohol-related problems. Few studies have empirically examined neighborhood factors that may contribute to alcohol use, specifically among these populations. Using data from the N2 longitudinal cohort study in Chicago, IL, survey data from the second wave of longitudinal assessment (n = 126) and GPS mobility data from enrollment were used to evaluate neighborhood alcohol outlet availability, neighborhood disorder, and neighborhood poverty as correlates of individual alcohol use.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Alcohol increases social engagement in dyadic interactions: role of partner's drug state.

Psychopharmacology (Berl)

December 2024

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave MC3077, Chicago, IL, 60615, USA.

Rationale: Alcohol is commonly used in social environments and is known to facilitate social behaviors. However, most controlled laboratory studies on alcohol have been conducted in isolated settings, limiting our understanding of its effects on social interactions.

Objectives: The current study was designed to examine the effects of alcohol on dyadic interactions in healthy volunteers (N = 37), with a focus on the influence of the conversation partner's drug state.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A fully linearized ADMM algorithm for optimization based image reconstruction.

J Xray Sci Technol

December 2024

Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background And Objective: Optimization based image reconstruction algorithm is an advanced algorithm in medical imaging. However, the corresponding solving algorithm is challenging because the model is usually large-scale and non-smooth. This work aims to devise a simple and convergent solver for optimization model.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We theoretically investigate how the intranuclear environment influences the charge of a nucleosome core particle (NCP)-the fundamental unit of chromatin consisting of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins. The molecular-based theory explicitly considers the size, shape, conformation, charge, and chemical state of all molecular species-thereby linking the structural state with the chemical/charged state of the system. We investigate how variations in monovalent and divalent salt concentrations, as well as pH, affect the charge distribution across different regions of an NCP and quantify the impact of charge regulation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Breath-holding spells: A typical case with EEG and video correlate.

Epileptic Disord

December 2024

Department of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Nemours Children's Health, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to reduce shortness of breath and improve functionality in some patients with emphysema. While BLVR is often effective for improving dyspnea by causing target lobe atelectasis, the treatment effect can sometimes be lost. This study reviews the incidence of revision bronchoscopies in patients who lost or never achieved target lobe atelectasis following BLVR.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Aim: Self-transcendence is a personality feature and psychological resource that involves feelings of connectedness with the universe, all of humanity, and the individual self. Self-transcendence has been positively associated with both positive psychotic symptoms and clinical high risk for developing psychosis status, but studies reporting these findings focus solely on the connectedness-with-universe aspect of self-transcendence. The broader self-transcendence literature, which also includes connection with humanity and oneself, robustly supports self-transcendence as an indicator of well-being.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Technology-facilitated abuse (TFA) can result in long-term financial and mental health impacts on survivors. However, little research has been published to date about the types of costs and the economic burden that survivors of TFA experience. This study presents results from a U.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF