Decay in Physiologic Knowledge since Medical School among Critical Care Fellows (DIP Study).

Rapid accumulation of knowledge and skills by trainees in the intensive care unit assumes prior mastery of clinically relevant core physiology concepts. However, for many fellows, their foundational physiology knowledge was acquired years earlier during their preclinical medical curricula and variably reinforced during the remainder of their undergraduate and graduate medical training. We sought to assess the retention of clinically relevant pulmonary physiology knowledge among pulmonary and critical care medicine (PCCM) and critical care medicine (CCM) fellows.

Sex Differences in Long COVID.

Importance: A substantial number of individuals worldwide experience long COVID, or post-COVID condition. Other postviral and autoimmune conditions have a female predominance, but whether the same is true for long COVID, especially within different subgroups, is uncertain.

Objective: To evaluate sex differences in the risk of developing long COVID among adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Performance of the FORD Versus Other Available Models for the Noninvasive Prediction of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease.

Purpose: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Several prediction models have been proposed to predict PH in ILD patients. We sought to discern how previously described prediction models perform in predicting PH in patients with ILD.

The publication fate of abstracts awarded prizes at European Society of Paediatric Radiology annual scientific meetings.

Background: The European Society of Paediatric Radiology (ESPR) awards prizes for outstanding work presented at their annual scientific meetings. The proportion of ESPR prize-winning abstracts to journal publications is not known. Contextualising abstract-to-publication proportions by evaluating publication experience can yield valuable insights and actionable outcomes to support researchers in overcoming barriers to journal publication.

Healthy Aging and the Gut Microbiome in People With and Without HIV.

Background: Aging-related comorbidities are more common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compared to people without HIV. The gut microbiome may play a role in healthy aging; however, this relationship remains unexplored in the context of HIV.

Methods: 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted on stool from 1409 women (69% with HIV; 2304 samples) and 990 men (54% with HIV; 1008 samples) in the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study.

anti-diabetic potential of medicinal herbs commonly used in the Ayurvedic system of Sri Lanka with comprehensive metabolite profiling of using GC-MS and LC-HRMS.

This study assessed the anti-diabetic potential and bioactive constituents of ten Sri Lankan medicinal herbs. Initial screening of aqueous extracts for starch-digesting enzyme inhibition prioritised three plants with notable activity ( ≤ 0.05), for further assessment using methanolic extracts: (PE), (CA), and (HI).

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Medial Meniscus Ramp Lesions in the Setting of Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Medial meniscus ramp lesions (MMRLs) are commonly associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and may increase the risk of graft failure after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) if undiagnosed or left untreated. Although MMRLs have been extensively reported in adults, there are limited studies describing them in pediatric patients undergoing ACLR. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence of and risk factors for MMRLs in pediatric patients with ACL injuries.

Entropy-based methods for formulating bottom-up ultra-coarse-grained models.

Bottom-up coarse-grained (CG) modeling is an effective means of bypassing the limited spatiotemporal scales of conventional atomistic molecular dynamics while retaining essential information from the atomistic model. A central challenge in CG modeling is the trade-off between accuracy and efficiency, as the inclusion of often pivotal many-body interaction terms in the CG force-field renders simulation markedly slower than simple pairwise models. The Ultra Coarse-Graining (UCG) method incorporates many-body terms through discrete internal state variables that modulate the CG force-field according to, e.

Mechanisms and strategic prospects of cannabinoids use: Potential applications in antimicrobial food packaging-A review.

This review focuses on antimicrobial packaging for food safety, critically examining the activity and efficacy of cannabinoids against commonly found microorganisms and exploring their antimicrobial mechanisms. Specifically, the review considers cannabinoids derived from industrial hemp plants, which are characterized by low levels of psychoactive components. It also outlines viable strategies to control the sustained release of cannabinoids from the packaging, enabling extended storage and enhanced safety of food products.

Mapping the use of cardiovascular genetic services in pediatric clinical care: challenges and opportunities for improvement.

Purpose: Clinical genetic testing is increasingly integrated in managing and diagnosing cardiac conditions and disease. It is important to identify ongoing challenges. This study aimed to better understand how genetic testing is integrated into pediatric cardiac care and identify barriers and opportunities for improvement.

Adult-Onset Pediatric-Type Follicular Lymphoma of the Parotid Gland.

Pediatric-type follicular lymphoma (PTFL) is an extremely rare B-cell lymphoma that primarily affects children and young adults, typically in individuals under 25 years old, with a median age of 15 years. Here, we report a rare case of PTFL in a 27-year-old adult male who presented with a slow-growing mass near his left ear. Initial CT scans of the neck revealed two oval-shaped, smooth, well-defined, homogeneously enhancing soft tissue density lesions in the superficial lobe of the left parotid gland.

Prebiotics as an adjunct therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder characterized by intrusive memories, avoidance, negative thoughts and moods, and heightened arousal. Many patients also report gastrointestinal symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based treatment approach for PTSD that successfully reduces symptoms.

Successful Treatment of Severe Ectopic ACTH-Dependent Cushing Syndrome Complicated by Hypocalcemia With Osilodrostat.

Cushing syndrome due to ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion (EAS) is rare and may progress rapidly, making treatment very challenging. We report a 27-year-old woman with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) who presented with sudden onset and rapidly progressing fatigue, muscle weakness, and weight gain. Laboratory findings confirmed severe EAS with new onset hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and hyperglycemia.

New-onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Presenting as Bilateral Cataracts in a 15-year-old Girl.

Cataracts secondary to type 1 or type 2 diabetes are not uncommon in adults; however, they are a rare finding in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. A 15-year-old girl presented with progressively worsened bilateral vision for 6 months. Her vision rapidly deteriorated over the previous month, prompting further evaluation that found bilateral cataracts with haziness in all layers and swollen lenses.

Reducing Employee Injuries from Aggressive Patient Behavior at Children's Hospital by Implementing a Behavioral Response Team.

Background: Among hospitalized children, episodes of aggressive patient behavior place healthcare staff at risk for serious injuries. By implementing a behavioral response team at a children's hospital, we aimed to reduce monthly employee injuries related to aggressive patient behavior from 3.4 to 2.

Subjective Assessment of Rdoc-Related Constructs in Addiction and Compulsive Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Objective: Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) and disorders due to addictive behavior (DABs) are prevalent conditions that share common neurobiological and behavioral characteristics. This scoping review aims to identify and map the range of subjective assessment tools (e.g.

Association of neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage and Life's Essential 8 in early pregnancy.

We examined whether neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage per the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was associated with maternal cardiovascular health (CVH) in early pregnancy per the American Heart Association Life's Essential 8 (LE8). This is a cross-sectional analysis from the prospective Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study-Monitoring Mothers-to-Be Heart Health Study (nuMoM2b-HHS) cohort. The exposure was the ADI in tertiles (T) from least (T1) to most (T3) socioeconomic disadvantage.

Breathing Easy: A Qualitative Analysis of School Nurse and Administrator Perspectives on Stock Inhalers and School-Based Asthma Management.

Stock inhalers are unassigned rescue inhalers available for students who experience asthma symptoms at school. This study sought to understand school nurse and administrator perspectives on school-based asthma management and stock inhaler policy implementation. Twenty-three semistructured interviews were conducted with professionals from five high asthma burdened counties in varied geographic settings.

Bridging Gaps: Creating a Digital Toolkit to Support Pregnant and Parenting Youth.

Despite declines in teen pregnancy, pregnant teens remain at risk for poor health and educational outcomes due to a lack of care coordination and access to resources. The purpose of this project was to develop and launch a care coordination toolkit to provide resources to pregnant and parenting youth (PPY) at a large urban school district. School personnel were trained on the use of the toolkit and completed pre- and posttraining surveys to evaluate changes in knowledge and confidence.

Meeting report - Alpine desmosome disease meeting 2024: advances and emerging topics in desmosomes and related diseases.

Desmosomes are adhesive cell contacts abundant in tissues exposed to mechanical strain, such as the stratified and simple epithelia of the epidermis and mucous membranes, as well as the myocardium. Besides their role in mechanical cell cohesion, desmosomes also modulate pathways important for tissue differentiation, wound healing and immune responses. Dysfunctional desmosomes, resulting from pathogenic variants in genes encoding desmosomal components, autoantibodies targeting desmosomal adhesion molecules or inflammation, cause the life-threatening diseases arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and pemphigus and contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Bridging the gap: Evaluating ChatGPT-generated, personalized, patient-centered prostate biopsy reports.

Objective: The highly specialized language used in prostate biopsy pathology reports coupled with low rates of health literacy leave some patients unable to comprehend their medical information. Patients' use of online search engines can lead to misinterpretation of results and emotional distress. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT (OpenAI) could simplify complex texts and help patients.

Genotype-function-phenotype correlations for SCN1A variants identified by clinical genetic testing.

Objective: Interpretation of clinical genetic testing, which identifies a potential genetic etiology in 25% of children with epilepsy, is limited by variants of uncertain significance. Understanding functional consequences of variants can help distinguish pathogenic from benign alleles. We combined automated patch clamp recording with neurophysiological simulations to discern genotype-function-phenotype correlations in a real-world cohort of children with SCN1A-associated epilepsy.