Investigation of Sexual Education Programs for Adolescents With Autism and the Role of Parents in Providing Support.

Background: Sexual education of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex challenge, as the lack of specialized programs limits effective learning. Adolescents with ASD have difficulty understanding abstract concepts such as consent, personal boundaries and safety, which increases the risk of exploitation.

Objective: This study seeks to examine the experiences and challenges parents face in providing sexuality education to their children with ASD, highlighting the need for programs that respond to the particular needs of these adolescents.

Improving the arthritis component of the SLEDAI-2K.

Objective: To propose a new definition for SLEDAI arthritis informed by imaging.

Methods: We performed a planned secondary analysis of observational data from a multicentre study evaluating SLE patients with inflammatory joint pain (swelling not required) using various clinical instruments, laboratory tests and ultrasound. For SLEDAI arthritis, assessors (blinded to ultrasound) were asked which of the glossary terms for arthritis in any version of the SLEDAI drove their decision to score for arthritis.

Current Trends in Treating Malignant Pleural Effusion: Evidence, Guidelines, and Best Practice Recommendations.

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is common in individuals with cancer and typically reflects advanced disease. Most cases are symptomatic, with dyspnea and pain having a severe effect on the patient's quality of life (QOL). The management of MPE aims to relieve symptoms, improve QOL, prevent repeated pleural interventions, and minimize hospital admissions.

Identification of Pre-Heart Failure in Early Stages: The Role of Six Stages of Heart Failure.

Despite increased availability of effective drug therapy for treatment of heart failure (HF), the morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure (CHF) are unacceptably high. Therefore, there is an urgent need to ascertain new imaging techniques to identify early sub-clinical forms of cardiac dysfunctions, to guide early relevant treatment. It seems that all the behavioral risk factors-such as tobacco, alcoholism, Western-type diet, sedentary behavior and obesity, emotional disorders, and sleep disorder are associated with early cardiac dysfunction, which may be identified by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE).

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Modalities for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Long-standing Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of colonic neoplasia, necessitating effective screening strategies. This network meta-analysis (NMA) compared the efficacy and safety between different endoscopic modalities in the high-definition (HD) era.

Methods: We searched CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.

TERT promoter mutations in gliomas: Molecular roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic targeting, and drug resistance.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), a critical player in cellular immortalization, has emerged as a focal point of investigation due to its frequent promoter mutations in various human malignancies. TERT promoter mutations exhibit a significant role in tumorigenesis, fostering unbridled cellular proliferation and survival. This comprehensive review delves into the landscape of TERT promoter mutations and their profound implications in cancer, particularly within the context of gliomas.

Towards a definition of refractory/therapy-resistant/intractable constipation in children: a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, online survey.

Background: The Rome criteria define childhood functional constipation but do not address refractory constipation. Attempts to define refractory constipation lack consensus. The interchangeable use of 'refractory' and 'intractable' or 'therapy-resistant' constipation and lack of understanding of the therapeutic ceilings before this diagnosis complicates the definition.

Metastatic basal cell carcinomas in Gorlin syndrome-A case series and literature review.

Metastatic basal cell carcinomas (mBCCs) are exceedingly rare, with an estimated variable prevalence rate between 0.003 and 0.55% among all basal cell carcinomas.

Navigating 'deterioration in mental state' - from recognition to response in general hospitals to satisfy 'National Standards': a discussion paper.

Background: The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care 'National Standards' require general hospitals to have systems for clinicians to recognise and respond to patients' deteriorating mental state. The lack of an evidence-based operational definition and clear guidance challenges this requirement.

Objective: To review governance mechanisms and assessment processes for deteriorating mental state in a metropolitan general hospital and propose an organisational framework.

Linear and Multidirectional Speed Testing (On-Field and Off-Field) Protocols in Senior and Elite Female Football.

Beato, M, Datson, N, Clemente, FM, Harper, DJ, Fílter, A, Emmonds, S, Dos' Santos, T, and Jones, PA. Linear and multidirectional speed testing (on-field and off-field) protocols in senior and elite female football. J Strength Cond Res 39(1): e70-e84, 2025-Female football has had a considerable rise in popularity with millions of fans after matches during the recent Women's World Cup.

How experiences of weight stigma impact higher-weight women during their maternity care: A meta-ethnography.

Aim: The aim of this review was to explore the experiences of pregnant women and birthing people with higher weight bodies, to understand the extent to which weight stigma impacted their maternity care.

Methods: We performed a systematic search of seven databases (CINAHL plus, Medline, Social Sciences Full Text [SSFT], International Bibliography of Social Sciences [IBSS], PsychINFO, Maternity and Infant Care [MIC], NIHR Journals Library, EThOS) using the Setting, Perspective, Intervention, Comparison, Evaluation (SPICE) framework search strategy and pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included studies underwent a critical appraisal and data richness assessment.

Cost consequences analysis of early vocational rehabilitation compared with usual care for stroke survivors.

Objective: To compare costs and consequences of Early Stroke Specialist Vocational Rehabilitation (ESSVR) with usual care in working age, stroke survivors over 12 months.

Design: An economic evaluation nested within the pragmatic, multi-centre, randomised, controlled RETurn to work After stroKE (RETAKE) study.

Setting: Twenty-one English and Welsh National Health Service (NHS) hospital-based stroke units.

Being pregnant and obese: A qualitative study of the experiences of pregnancy and birth of women who are obese.

Objectives: This study explored the views and experiences of maternity care of postnatal women identified as being obese.

Design: A qualitative methodology was adopted using individual semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using a framework approach.

Parafoveal Processing and Transposed-Letter Effects in Developmental Dyslexic Reading.

During reading, adults and children independently parafoveally encode letter identity and letter position information using a flexible letter position encoding mechanism. The current study examined parafoveal encoding of letter position and letter identity for dyslexic children. Eye movements were recorded during a boundary-change paradigm.

Psychological interventions for weight reduction and sustained weight reduction in adults with overweight and obesity: a scoping review.

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are growing public health problems worldwide. Both diet and physical activity have been the primary interventions for weight reduction over the past decade. With increasing rates of overweight and obesity, it is evident that a primary focus on diet and exercise has not resulted in sustained obesity reduction within the global population.

Exploring the current provision of pancreatic transplantations in low- and middle-income countries: Current landscape, challenges, future prospects.

This comprehensive review addresses the global health challenge of disparities in pancreas transplant access, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared to high-income countries. Despite advancements in surgical techniques and immunosuppression for procedures like simultaneous pancreas-kidney, pancreas-after-kidney, and pancreas-transplant alone, LMICs face significant challenges, including limited infrastructure, financial constraints, and a shortage of skilled medical professionals. Donation after brain death remains constrained by sociocultural barriers.

Effectiveness of Additive Manufactured Titanium Implants in the Reconstruction of Large Cranial Defects: Case Series and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Replacement of lost soft and hard tissues of the human body has always been a daunting task across all surgical specialties. Reconstruction of a cranial deformity is challenging due to the functional and cosmetic requirements. A major constraint with large cranial bony deformity reconstruction is the nonavailability of graft of a specific shape and size.