We're All on This Spaceship Earth.

Description The photo features the geodesic sphere at Epcot, Disney World in Orlando, FL. Inside the dome, there was an iconic ride called "Spaceship Earth", which has since been shut down for refurbishment. This photo was taken November 2019, approximately 6 months before it was shut down.

COVID-19 and urology: a comprehensive review of the literature.

Objective: To discuss the impact of COVID-19 on global health, particularly on urological practice and to review some of the available recommendations reported in the literature.

Material And Methods: In the current narrative review the PubMed database was searched to identify all the related reports discussing the impact of COVID-19 on the urological field.

Results: The COVID-19 pandemic is the latest and biggest global health threat.

Lessons learned from 12,000 robotic radical prostatectomies: Is the journey as important as the outcome?

Robotic radical prostatectomy (RARP) is a standardized treatment for localized prostate cancer, which provides better functional outcomes and similar oncological outcomes compared to open approaches. Here, we share our experience of 12,000 RARPs by describing the outcomes of the procedure in terms of positive surgical margin (PSM), continence, and potency as well as by presenting our detailed surgical technique with recent modifications. On cancer control, the PSM rates were 5.

Machine Learning Principles for Radiology Investigators.

Artificial intelligence and deep learning are areas of high interest for radiology investigators at present. However, the field of machine learning encompasses multiple statistics-based techniques useful for investigators, which may be complementary to deep learning approaches. After a refresher in basic statistical concepts, relevant considerations for machine learning practitioners are reviewed: regression, classification, decision boundaries, and bias-variance tradeoff.

Venous thromboembolism in plastic surgery: the current state of evidence in risk assessment and chemoprophylactic options.

The application of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis has been the topic of intense debate in plastic surgery. The overall incidence of VTE is low in plastic surgery patients as compared to other surgical subspecialties but may be higher in the inpatient rather than outpatient plastic surgery populations. The Caprini Risk Assessment Model is the most highly studied and validated tool to assess VTE risk in plastic surgery patients.

Is Extraprostatic Extension of Cancer Predictable? A Review of Predictive Tools and an External Validation Based on a Large and a Single Center Cohort of Prostate Cancer Patients.

Our aim was to review and externally validate all the available predictive tools (PTs) predicting extraprostatic extension (EPE) using the area under the curve, calibration plots, and scaled Brier score. A literature search was performed showing 19 models predicting EPE. External validation was carried out on 6360 prostate cancer patients submitted to RP.

A vascular access and midlines program can decrease hospital-acquired central line-associated bloodstream infections and cost to a community-based hospital.

Background: We propose that substituting central lines with midlines can help reduce the total number of central line catheter-days as well as central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), thereby reducing the associated costs and the resulting increased length of stay. A midline or vascular access program in a community hospital can bring about these positive changes.

Objectives: Our objective is to evaluate whether the institution of a midline program for vascular access at a community hospital can reduce the number of central line catheter-days and the associated CLABSI rate, incidence, and cost.

The role of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan in biochemical recurrence after primary treatment for prostate cancer: a systematic review of the literature.

Introduction: Recurrence after primary treatment of prostate cancer is one of the major challenges facing urologists. Biochemical recurrence is not rare and occurs in up to one third of the patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Management of biochemical recurrence is tailored according to the site and the burden of recurrence.

Imaging of the post-operative shoulder: does injection of iodinated contrast in addition to MR contrast during arthrography improve diagnostic accuracy and patient throughput?

Objective: Post-operative shoulder patients are often difficult to image due to scar tissue, metallic artifact, and residual irregularity of anatomic structures. The purpose of this study was to assess MR versus MR arthrography versus CT arthrography in the post-operative shoulder. Also, we assessed whether injecting CT contrast in addition to MR contrast during arthrography improved patient care.

Surgical Palliation of Right Aortic Arch With an Isolated Innominate Artery From the Left Ductus Arteriosus.

A right aortic arch with an isolated left innominate artery from the left patent ductus arteriosus is a rare arch anomaly, and establishing continuity between the innominate artery and aorta can be challenging. We describe repair of this lesion in a three-week-old male using an autologous pedicle flap of ascending aorta as well as a homograft patch as the roof to recreate continuity between the aorta and left innominate artery.

A novel tool for predicting extracapsular extension during graded partial nerve sparing in radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: To create a statistical tool for the estimation of extracapsular extension (ECE) level of prostate cancer and determine the nerve-sparing (NS) approach that can be safely performed during radical prostatectomy (RP).

Patients And Methods: A total of 11 794 lobes, from 6 360 patients who underwent robot-assisted RP between 2008 and 2016 were evaluated. Clinicopathological features were included in a statistical algorithm for the prediction of the maximum ECE width.

Safety of Live Robotic Surgery: Results from a Single Institution.

Background: Live surgery events (LSEs) have become one of the most attended activities at surgical meetings and provide a unique opportunity for the audience to observe the decision-making process used by skilled and experienced surgeons in real time. However, there is an ongoing discussion on whether patients treated during LSE are at higher risk of complications.

Objective: To examine LSE outcomes for robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and establish patient safety and efficacy.

Influence of resting lung diffusion on exercise capacity in patients with COPD.

Background: Lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) gives an overall assessment of functional lung surface area for gas exchange and can be assessed using various methods. DLCO is an important factor in exercise intolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated if the intra-breath (IBDLCO) method may give a more sensitive measure of available gas exchange surface area than the more typical single breath (SBDLCO) method and if COPD subjects with the largest resting DLCO relative to pulmonary blood flow (Qc) would have a more preserved exercise capacity.

Can dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane accelerate the return to potency after a nerve-sparing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy? Propensity score-matched analysis.

The objective of this study is to determine if the use of dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane (dHACM) allograft wrapped around the NVB during a robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) accelerates the return to potency. 940 patients with preoperative SHIM >20 underwent RARP with some degree of bilateral NS. Of these, 235 patients underwent RARP, with bilateral placement of dHACM graft around the NVBs.

Dupuytren's disease: How to recognize its early signs.

Palmar skin dimpling and nodule or cord formation signal advancing disease. Treatments vary in effectiveness--in part, depending on condition severity.

Fontan Fenestration Closure Prior to Posterior Spinal Fusion in Patients With Single-Ventricle Heart Disease.

Study Design: Case series.

Objective: To describe transcatheter closure of the Fontan fenestration prior to posterior spinal fusion in two children to prevent paradoxical venous air embolism during the operation.

Summary Of Background Data: Scoliosis is common among patients with single-ventricle congenital heart disease who have undergone Fontan operation and spinal surgery can offer physiologic benefits.

Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase in Patients Who Have Undergone the Fontan Operation.

Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) is produced by osteoblasts. A recent series noted a positive association between cardiac index (CI) and BALP in patients with Fontan circulation. CI is low at baseline in these patients, and small decreases in CI may result in diverting of blood away from bone.

Utility of pre- and post-MR arthrogram imaging of the shoulder: effect on patient care.

Objective: MR arthrogram imaging of the shoulder is considered more accurate in assessing shoulder pathology than conventional MRI. Arthrography is a minimally invasive procedure. However, most patients prefer to have conventional MRI rather than MR arthrogram imaging.

Posterior musculofascial reconstruction after radical prostatectomy: an updated systematic review and a meta-analysis.

To evaluate the influence of posterior musculofascial plate reconstruction (PR) on early return of continence after radical prostatectomy (RP); an updated systematic review of the literature. A systematic review of the literature was performed in June 2015, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and searching Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science databases. We searched the terms posterior reconstruction prostatectomy, double layer anastomosis prostatectomy across the 'Title' and 'Abstract' fields of the records, with the following limits: humans, gender (male), and language (English).

Usefulness of Unenhanced MRI and MR Arthrography of the Shoulder in Detection of Unstable Labral Tears.

Objective: Shoulder surgeons commonly intervene to repair unstable labral tears (tears that displace with patient movement). Surgeons can detect unstable tears at surgery. It is difficult to be certain if a tear is unstable from a static MR image.

Comparison of 3.0-T MR vs 3.0-T MR arthrography of the hip for detection of acetabular labral tears and chondral defects in the same patient population.

Objective: We report our experience in diagnostic sensitivity of 3.0-T conventional MR vs 3.0-T MR arthrography of the hip for detection of acetabular labral tears and chondral defects in the same patient population.