Cesarean scar defects and abnormal uterine bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To synthesize the published literature to better understand the association between cesarean scar defects (CSDs) and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). In particular, we aimed to evaluate the risk and pattern(s) of CSD-associated AUB in addition to exploring the relationship between defect morphology with bleeding symptoms.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Double opposite tape incision for obstructive sling.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Stress urinary incontinence affects about 34% of all adult women. The mid-urethral sling (MUS), considered the gold-standard treatment, has widespread use but also potential complications. This study aims to demonstrate a new surgical technique that releases urethral obstruction caused by MUS with urinary continence maintenance.

Expulsion rates of the levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine system are similar among women with heavy menstrual bleeding and users for contraception.

Objective: To compare the expulsion rates of the levonorgestrel (LNG) 52 mg intrauterine system (IUS) among women with heavy menstrual bleeding versus women using solely for contraception.

Study Design: We conducted an audit study of 548 (8.8%) women with heavy menstrual bleeding and 5655 (91.

Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARCs) methods.

Unplanned pregnancy (UP) is a public health problem, which affects millions of women worldwide. Providing long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods is an excellent strategy to avoid or at least reduce UP, because the effectiveness of these methods is higher than other methods, and is indeed comparable to that of permanent contraception. As the initial introduction of the inert plastic intrauterine device (IUD) and of the six-rod implant, pharmaceutical companies have introduced a copper IUD (Cu-IUD), different models of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG IUS), and one and two-rod implants, which certainly improved women's LARC options.