1,376 results match your criteria: "University of Campania 'L. Vanvitelli'[Affiliation]"

Clinical and genetic drivers of oligo-metastatic disease in colon cancer.

Neoplasia

December 2024

AMES, Centro Polidiagnostico Strumentale srl, Via Padre Carmine Fico 24, Casalnuovo Di Napoli 80013, Italy.

Background: Oligo-metastatic disease (OMD) in colon cancer patients exhibits distinct clinical behavior compared to poly-metastatic disease (PMD), with a more responsive and indolent course. This study aims to identify clinical and biological factors uniquely associated with oligo-metastatic behavior.

Methods: Metastatic colon cancer patients from an academic center underwent genetic characterization.

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Background: Concern about post-CAR T-cell lymphomas has recently emerged. Analysis of pharmacovigilance data contributes to continuous safety monitoring, especially for newly authorized medicines, like CAR-T therapies.

Research Design And Methods: Individual case safety reports (ICSRs) reporting at least one CAR T-cell therapy as a suspect drug were extracted from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database up to 6 February 2024.

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How Italian radiation oncologists use ChatGPT: a survey by the young group of the Italian association of radiotherapy and clinical oncology (yAIRO).

Radiol Med

December 2024

Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Purpose: To investigate the awareness and the spread of ChatGPT and its possible role in both scientific research and clinical practice among the young radiation oncologists (RO).

Material And Methods: An anonymous, online survey via Google Forms (including 24 questions) was distributed among young (< 40 years old) ROs in Italy through the yAIRO network, from March 15, 2024, to 31, 2024. These ROs were officially registered with yAIRO in 2023.

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Article Synopsis
  • Diet has a significant impact on gut microbiota, highlighting the need for personalized nutrition based on individual dietary habits.
  • The Stance4Health project created the S4H Food Frequency Questionnaire and i-Diet S4H app to evaluate food intake related to gut microbiota.
  • Validation studies showed the S4H-FFQ reliably estimates dietary patterns, correlating well with another validated questionnaire and indicating its potential for enhancing personalized nutrition and health research.
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  • Spasticity and muscle weakness significantly impact people with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS), especially in their lower limbs, leading to motor issues, fatigue, and fall risks.
  • The study aimed to explore the patterns of muscle weakness and spasticity in pwMS to enhance the focus on their functional balance prior to treatment.
  • Data from 300 pwMS revealed asymmetrical symptoms, with various prevalent combinations, notably "distal-intermediate spasticity and diffuse weakness," aiding in better clinical assessment and treatment planning.*
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Introduction: Psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are chronic inflammatory diseases with significant overlap in their immunologic pathways, which involve cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alfa, interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-23. Current treatment options for HS are limited, as only adalimumab and secukinumab are approved for severe cases. Given the overlapping pathogenetic features between HS and psoriasis, anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-23 drugs could represent valuable treatments for the management of HS.

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Effect of alemtuzumab on fatigue, quality of life, and patient/caregiver-reported outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis-A real-world evidence study.

Mult Scler Relat Disord

December 2024

Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Neuro-SysMed, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address:

Background: Alemtuzumab is approved in the European Union for treating highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Patient-reported outcomes measure the treatment impact on quality of life (QoL), including fatigue, a common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). Chronic diseases like MS also affect the patient's caregiver.

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High tumor mutational burden assessed through next-generation sequencing predicts favorable survival in microsatellite stable metastatic colon cancer patients.

J Transl Med

December 2024

Structure of Innovative Therapies for Abdominal Metastases, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli, IRCCS "G. Pascale", via M. Semmola, 80131, Naples, Italy.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a well-established predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in metastatic colon cancer. Both high MSI and tumor mutational burden (TMB) are markers of genomic instability. However, the prognostic and predictive value of TMB in patients with microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors remains unclear.

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Purpose: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a heterogeneous disease undergoing epidemiological changes. Whether those changes have an impact on the correlates of embolic events (EE) remains unclear. We analyzed the correlates of EE and proposed a diagnostic score model in a large contemporary cohort.

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Article Synopsis
  • This systematic review investigates the mental health and treatment access of Transgender Inmates (TGI) in correctional facilities, analyzing their specific challenges.
  • The meta-analysis of 13 studies indicates that TGI experience significantly higher risks of depression, PTSD, and suicide attempts compared to non-TGI inmates.
  • The study emphasizes the need for policy reforms and staff training to create safer and more supportive environments for TGI in prisons.
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Background: Human cardiac organoids closely replicate the architecture and function of the human heart, offering a potential accurate platform for studying cellular and molecular features of aging cardiomyopathy. Senolytics have shown potential in addressing age-related pathologies but their potential to reverse aging-related human cardiomyopathy remains largely unexplored.

Methods: We employed human iPSC-derived cardiac organoids (hCOs/hCardioids) to model doxorubicin(DOXO)-induced cardiomyopathy in an aged context.

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A simplified cardiac implantable electronic device infection classification by combining key diagnostic criteria.

Heart Rhythm

November 2024

Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy; Unit of Internal Medicine and Transplants, AORN Ospedali dei Colli-Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy. Electronic address:

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Localization of unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) in indoor scenarios and GNSS-denied environments is a difficult problem, particularly in dynamic scenarios where traditional on-board equipment (such as LiDAR, radar, sonar, camera) may fail. In the framework of autonomous UAS missions, precise feedback on real-time aircraft position is very important, and several technologies alternative to GNSS-based approaches for UAS positioning in indoor navigation have been recently explored. In this paper, we propose a low-cost IPS for UAVs, based on Bluetooth low energy (BLE) beacons, which exploits the (received signal strength indicator) for distance estimation and positioning.

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Pharmacological Treatment of Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Novel Landscape for Inhaled Agents.

Pharmaceutics

October 2024

UOC Pneumotisiologia Federico II, A.O.R.N. Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Naples, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) involve a wide range of over 200 conditions that need personalized treatment approaches.
  • Antifibrotic drugs like nintedanib and pirfenidone have significantly improved treatment options for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and some other forms of progressive pulmonary fibrosis.
  • Despite advancements, treatments can have significant side effects; hence, research is being conducted on inhalation methods to achieve higher concentrations of medication directly in the lungs while reducing overall side effects.
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Background: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of distal transradial access (dRA) for the endovascular management of malfunctioning dialysis fistulas. This study also compares dRA with conventional access techniques, such as proximal radial and transvenous access, focusing on technical success, clinical outcomes, and vascular access site complications (VASCs).

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted across four hospitals, including 292 patients treated between January 2019 and June 2024.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Conducted on 65 CD patients, the findings showed that 32 exhibited the bright luminal sign, which demonstrated high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (85%) in identifying fibrotic strictures when compared with other imaging techniques.
  • * The results suggest that DWI hyperintensity could serve as a non-invasive indicator for detecting severe intestinal fibrosis, aiding in early diagnosis and potentially preventing complications. However, further research with larger
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Bio-Composite Nanogels Based on Chitosan and Hyaluronic Acid for the Treatment of Lung Infections.

Gels

November 2024

Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy.

Pathogen infections constitute a serious problem in the field of lung diseases, especially in severe conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Exacerbations of COPD and ARDS can be significantly influenced by bacterial infections from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which can hasten the decline of lung function. Moreover, the abuse of high-dose antibiotics used to treat obstinate infections is contributing to the growing issue of multidrug resistance (MDR) by microorganisms.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on a patient with mixed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, analyzed over 3 years using CT imaging and AI tools.
  • It highlights the difficulty in distinguishing between these lung diseases and the necessity of a team-based approach for better diagnosis and treatment.
  • The findings underscore the value of advanced technology in tracking disease progression and improving care quality for complex lung conditions.
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Article Synopsis
  • Paclitaxel plus ramucirumab is being evaluated as a second-line treatment for patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer, comparing it with continued oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidine chemotherapy.
  • The ARMANI trial involved 280 patients, who were randomly assigned to receive either the new treatment regimen or continue with their current chemotherapy for an additional 12 weeks.
  • The primary goal of the study was to determine if the new treatment improved progression-free survival compared to the standard chemotherapy, with safety being closely monitored throughout the trial.
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Introduction: The contribution of Cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) in mitochondrial energy transduction mechanisms and mitochondrial activities awaits deeper investigations. Our study aims to assess the impact of CB1 absence on the mitochondrial compartment in the liver, focusing on both functional aspects and remodeling processes.

Methods: We used CB1 and CB1 male mice.

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Human leukocyte antigen mismatch and circulating donor-specific antibodies predict graft loss after kidney transplantation: A retrospective study from Campania region - Italy.

Hum Immunol

November 2024

U.O.C. Division of Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine, and Transplant Immunology. Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology (LIT), Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatry and Neurology, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • * HLA matching is crucial for assessing compatibility between donors and recipients and can help reduce the risk of immunological rejection and DSA formation.
  • * A study found strong associations between the presence of specific HLA antibodies and the development of de novo DSA, highlighting the importance of HLA mismatches in predicting graft survival after kidney transplantation.
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(1) Background/Objectives: Nail psoriasis (NP) is a chronic and difficult-to-treat disease, which causes significant social stigma and impairs the patients' quality of life. Moreover, nail psoriasis is a true therapeutic challenge for clinicians. The presence of nail psoriasis can be part of a severe form of psoriasis and can have predictive value for the development of psoriatic arthritis.

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