Stochastic Model for a Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Driven by Broadband Vibrations.

We present an experimental and numerical study of a piezoelectric energy harvester driven by broadband vibrations. This device can extract power from random fluctuations and can be described by a stochastic model, based on an underdamped Langevin equation with white noise, which mimics the dynamics of the piezoelectric material. A crucial point in the modelisation is represented by the appropriate description of the coupled load circuit that is necessary to harvest electrical energy.

HEAR set: A ligHtwEight acoustic paRameters set to assess mental health from voice analysis.

Background: Voice analysis has significant potential in aiding healthcare professionals with detecting, diagnosing, and personalising treatment. It represents an objective and non-intrusive tool for supporting the detection and monitoring of specific pathologies. By calculating various acoustic features, voice analysis extracts valuable information to assess voice quality.

Thermodynamic analog of integrate-and-fire neuronal networks by maximum entropy modelling.

Recent results have evidenced that spontaneous brain activity signals are organized in bursts with scale free features and long-range spatio-temporal correlations. These observations have stimulated a theoretical interpretation of results inspired in critical phenomena. In particular, relying on maximum entropy arguments, certain aspects of time-averaged experimental neuronal data have been recently described using Ising-like models, allowing the study of neuronal networks under an analogous thermodynamical framework.

Beyond pulsed inhibition: Alpha oscillations modulate attenuation and amplification of neural activity in the awake resting state.

Alpha oscillations are a distinctive feature of the awake resting state of the human brain. However, their functional role in resting-state neuronal dynamics remains poorly understood. Here we show that, during resting wakefulness, alpha oscillations drive an alternation of attenuation and amplification bouts in neural activity.

Fluctuation-dissipation relations in the imbalanced Wilson-Cowan model.

The relation between spontaneous and stimulated brain activity is a fundamental question in neuroscience which has received wide attention in experimental studies. Recently, it has been suggested that the evoked response to external stimuli can be predicted from temporal correlations of spontaneous activity. Previous theoretical results, confirmed by the comparison with magnetoencephalography data for human brains, were obtained for the Wilson-Cowan model in the condition of balance of excitation and inhibition, a signature of a healthy brain.

Comparison of different methodologies for estimating gold thickness in multilayer samples using XRF spectra.

A detailed comparison of methodologies for assessing gold leaf thickness in multilayer samples using the XRF technique was performed. Standard three-layer samples and six methods of analysis were used: two-line ratio of one or two elements, de Boer's analytical procedure, multivariate PLS analysis and percentage concentration of elements in the layers. The accuracy of each method and the consistency among the results of the methods emerged.

A large contribution of methylsiloxanes to particulate matter from ship emissions.

The chemical and stable carbon isotopic composition of the organic aerosol particles (OA) emitted by a shuttle passenger ship between mainland Naples and island Capri in Italy were investigated. Various methylsiloxanes and derivatives were found in particulate ship emissions for the first time, as identified in the mass spectra of a thermal desorption - proton transfer reaction - mass spectrometer (TD-PTR-MS) based on the natural abundance of silicon isotopes. Large contributions of methylsiloxanes to OA (up to 59.

Artificial Intelligence Techniques for the Non-invasive Detection of COVID-19 Through the Analysis of Voice Signals.

Healthcare sensors represent a valid and non-invasive instrument to capture and analyse physiological data. Several vital signals, such as voice signals, can be acquired anytime and anywhere, achieved with the least possible discomfort to the patient thanks to the development of increasingly advanced devices. The integration of sensors with artificial intelligence techniques contributes to the realization of faster and easier solutions aimed at improving early diagnosis, personalized treatment, remote patient monitoring and better decision making, all tasks vital in a critical situation such as that of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Development of radon transport model in different types of dwellings to assess indoor activity concentration.

The influence of different building types on the activity concentration of Radon indoor is studied through transport models in soil and building materials. The numerical solutions of the relevant transport equations are solved by the finite differences method (FDM) and used to evaluate the indoor Radon activity concentration. Several boundary conditions are introduced to simulate the Radon entry into the buildings from soils and to assess the Radon activity concentration at the different floors.

ANALYSIS BY SCANNER OF TRACKS PRODUCED BY RADON ALPHA PARTICLES IN CR-39 DETECTORS.

The most used passive detectors for Radon measurement are the CR39s, both for the good stability of the material and for the practicality of use. But, commercial reading systems are expensive and not always fast. The aim of the present work was the development of a method for a rapid, efficient and economic evaluation of the result of the indoor Radon measurement performed with CR39 detectors.

STUDY OF 222RN CONTINUOUS MONITORING TIME SERIES AND DOSE ASSESSMENT IN SIX EUROPEAN CAVES.

The present work aims to assess the effective doses from long-term continual radon monitoring in six European caves (Slovenia, Slovakia and the Czech Republic), including influencing environmental factors. Caves are important radiation protection subjects because of elevated radon activity concentration (~kBq/m3), mostly due to the low natural ventilation. The sources of radon gas are most often underground rock layers and clastic sediments.

Connection between Rn emission and geophysical-geochemical parameters recorded during the volcanic unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera (2011-2017).

Studies concerning Rn emission from soils are growing interest in the Earth Sciences, due to the gas potential as a tracer of natural phenomena. This paper presents a study of radon monitoring in two sites of Campi Flegrei caldera (Neaples, Italy) during the period July 1, 2011-December 31, 2017. This area was characterized by several phases of volcanic unrest.

Development and calibration of a method for direct measurement of Rn (thoron) activity concentration.

The interest in the measurement of thoron (Rn) activity concentration in air has recently increased, with the attention for the development of standards useful for the calibration of measuring instruments. Due to its short half-life (55.8 s), consolidated techniques for the realization and the use of controlled atmospheres of radon (Rn) are not effective in the case of thoron.

Current trends in the real-life use of dalbavancin: report of a study panel.

Dalbavancin is a novel lipoglycopeptide antibiotic with a chemical structure similar to teicoplanin. Dalbavancin has been approved and marketed since 2014 in the USA and 2015 in the European Union for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (ABSSSIs) caused by Gram-positive cocci. ABSSSIs include infectious syndromes such as erysipelas, cellulitis, major cutaneous abscesses that require incision and drainage, and both surgical and traumatic wound infections.

Analysis of 7-years Radon time series at Campi Flegrei area (Naples, Italy) using artificial neural network method.

This paper reports the analysis of soil Rn data recorded over 7-years in the volcanic caldera of Campi Flegrei (Naples-Italy). The relationship between Radon activity concentration and several geophysical, geochemical and meteorological parameters, influencing the gas emissions, is estimated by the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method. The analysis goals are: the estimation (replication) of the Radon time series from influencing parameters, the forecasting of an unknown part of it, and the search for anomalies.

Study on a peak shape fitting model for the analysis of alpha-particle spectra.

In this study it is developed a model for the detailed and automatic study of the alpha-particle spectra coming from detection systems. The fitting of a typical shape of the alpha peak is performed by a Gaussian function for the right side of the peak and a sum of two Gaussian functions for its left tail. The model takes into account the entire spectrum background and, particular attention is posed to the analysis of overlapped peaks, background noise and peaks with low statistic counting.

ANALYSIS OF RADON TIME SERIES RECORDED IN SLOVAK AND CZECH CAVES FOR THE DETECTION OF ANOMALIES DUE TO SEISMIC PHENOMENA.

Anomalies in the radon (222Rn) releases in underground environments are one of the phenomena that can be observed before earthquake occurrence. Continuous measurements of radon activity concentration, and of meteorological parameters that influence the gas emission, were performed in three Slovak and Czech caves during 1-y period (1 July 2016-30 June 2017). The radon activity concentration in caves shows seasonal variations, with maxima reached during summer months.

Silybin-Induced Apoptosis Occurs in Parallel to the Increase of Ceramides Synthesis and miRNAs Secretion in Human Hepatocarcinoma Cells.

Silybin is a flavonolignan extracted from (milk thistle) with hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. Several studies have shown that silybin is highly effective to prevent and treat different types of cancer and that its antitumor mechanisms involve the arrest of the cell cycle and/or apoptosis. An MTT assay was performed to study cell viability, lipid peroxidation, extracellular NO production, and scavenger enzyme activity were studied by Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Species (TBARS) assay, NO assay, and MnSOD assay, respectively.

δ C values in archaeological C-AMS dated charcoals: assessing mid-Holocene climate fluctuations and human response from a high-resolution isotope record (Arslantepe, Turkey).

Rationale: Past climate has always influenced human adaptation to the environment. In order to reconstruct palaeoclimate fluctuations and their role in the evolution of Near Eastern societies during the mid-Holocene, high-resolution Δ C records from fossil wood remains at the archaeological site of Arslantepe (eastern Turkey) have been developed.

Methods: After chemical treatment, δ C values were measured by sample combustion flow using a FLASH EA-CHNS instrument interfaced with a Delta V isotope ratio mass spectrometer via a CONFLO III.

Force percolation transition of jammed granular systems.

The mechanical and transport properties of jammed materials originate from an underlying percolating network of contact forces between the grains. Using extensive simulations we investigate the force-percolation transition of this network, where two particles are considered as linked if their interparticle force overcomes a threshold. We show that this transition belongs to the random percolation universality class, thus ruling out the existence of long-range correlations between the forces.

The Boltzmann project.

The International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM), at its meeting in October 2017, followed the recommendation of the Consultative Committee for Units (CCU) on the redefinition of the kilogram, ampere, kelvin and mole. For the redefinition of the kelvin, the Boltzmann constant will be fixed with the numerical value 1.380 649 × 10 J K.

Municipal wastewater spiramycin removal by conventional treatments and heterogeneous photocatalysis.

This study assessed the effects and removal options of the macrolide spiramycin, currently used for both in human and veterinary medicine- with a special focus on advanced oxidation processes based on heterogeneous TiOassisted photocatalysis. Spiramycin real concentrations were investigated on a seasonal basis in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (up to 35μgL), while its removal kinetics were studied considering both aqueous solutions and real wastewater samples, including by-products toxicity assessment. High variability of spiramycin removal by activated sludge treatments (from 9% (wintertime) to >99.

Highly accurate intensity factors of pure CO lines near 2 μm.

Line intensities for carbon dioxide are measured with a novel spectroscopic approach, assisted by an optical frequency comb synthesizer for frequency calibration purposes. The main feature of the spectrometer consists in the exploitation of optical feedback from a V-shaped high-finesse optical resonator to effectively narrow a distributed feedback diode laser at the wavelength of 2 μm. Laser-gas interaction takes place inside an isothermal cell, which is placed on the transmission from the cavity.

Antarctic ice sheet discharge driven by atmosphere-ocean feedbacks at the Last Glacial Termination.

Reconstructing the dynamic response of the Antarctic ice sheets to warming during the Last Glacial Termination (LGT; 18,000-11,650 yrs ago) allows us to disentangle ice-climate feedbacks that are key to improving future projections. Whilst the sequence of events during this period is reasonably well-known, relatively poor chronological control has precluded precise alignment of ice, atmospheric and marine records, making it difficult to assess relationships between Antarctic ice-sheet (AIS) dynamics, climate change and sea level. Here we present results from a highly-resolved 'horizontal ice core' from the Weddell Sea Embayment, which records millennial-scale AIS dynamics across this extensive region.