1,564 results match your criteria: "University of California-San Francisco School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Management of Facial Nerve Schwannoma Occluding the External Auditory Canal.

Laryngoscope

December 2024

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, U.S.A.

Facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs) eroding through the external auditory canal (EAC) are unusual and present difficult management options.When facial nerve function is normal, observation is generally recommended.If the tumor completely obstructs the EAC creating a conductive hearing loss as in this case, mapping of the motor fibers of the facial nerve may be considered with partial resection to alleviate the conductive hearing loss.

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Background: Academic medical centers are experiencing rapid clinical growth which has outpaced traditional teaching services. Learners such as medical students, advanced practice provider fellows, and residents may be placed onto direct care teaching services (i.e.

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Time to Surgery in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Defining the Optimal Diagnosis-to-Resection Interval to Reduce Mortality.

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg

December 2024

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA; Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA; Department of Clinical Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA.

Objective: Most patient variables that impact cancer case complexity and outcomes are not modifiable pre-operatively. However, the time from diagnosis to surgical resection is fluid. This retrospective study sought to identify the optimal time from NSCLC diagnosis to surgery to reduce mortality.

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Patients who reside in areas of high neighborhood disadvantage have poorer health outcomes; the mechanisms for this disparity are complex. We sought to determine if there was an association between neighborhood disadvantage and diagnostic error among a cohort of adult inpatients who experienced either an ICU transfer or in-hospital death. Using a sample of 527 patients from seven geographically diverse academic medical systems, we compared diagnostic error rates to patients' neighborhood disadvantage levels as measured by the Area Deprivation Index, a validated composite measure of socioeconomic status.

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Background: For physicians, the added responsibility of being an informal caregiver (IC, providing regular care for seriously ill loved ones) can create challenges such as increased rates of burnout that have received little attention. In this study, we explored physician mothers' informal caregiving experiences and probed their perspectives on how health systems can better support their needs.

Method: From September 14, 2021, to October 31, 2021, we distributed an online survey to a national sample of physician mothers who self-identified as ICs; survey questions examined their caregiving responsibilities and perspectives on workplace changes needed to support them.

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Background: The RETREAT (Risk Estimation of Tumor Recurrence after Transplant) Score is a validated tool to predict post-transplant HCC recurrence risk. AFP bound to Lens culinaris agglutinin (AFP-L3) and des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) measured at transplant predict worse post-LT survival and may improve the RETREAT score.

Results: Our cohort comprised 284 patients transplanted for HCC who were within or downstaged to Milan, with 23 (8.

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Background And Aims: In patients with symptomatic, obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), it is unclear if response to cardiac myosin inhibition varies with older age or a longer duration of diagnosis. This study evaluated the response of these subgroups to mavacamten therapy for all primary, secondary, and exploratory endpoints in the EXPLORER-HCM trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03470545).

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Patient-Perceived Physician Bias in Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS).

J Racial Ethn Health Disparities

December 2024

Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 2340 Sutter Street, S429, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0808, USA.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating and understudied inflammatory skin disease that disproportionately impacts Black Americans. The objective of this study was to explore the role that race and ethnicity may play in HS patients' perceptions of physician bias and their care quality. We administered a cross-sectional anonymous online survey to individuals with HS from June 13 to 30, 2021.

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Marketing strategies in business-to-business advertisements for oral nicotine products.

Tob Control

November 2024

Behavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat Inc, Rockville, Maryland, USA.

Introduction: Although the popularity of oral nicotine products (ONPs) such as ZYN and On! is growing globally, there is limited research on their marketing and advertising. This report describes recent ONP marketing communication to retailers. Promotion to retailers can provide insight into new product flavours and styles, as well as future marketing strategies targeting consumers.

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Congenital heart defects (CHD) arise in part due to inherited genetic variants that alter genes and noncoding regulatory elements in the human genome. These variants are thought to act during fetal development to influence the formation of different heart structures. However, identifying the genes, pathways, and cell types that mediate these effects has been challenging due to the immense diversity of cell types involved in heart development as well as the superimposed complexities of interpreting noncoding sequences.

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Background: Higher level of care (HLOC) treatment for eating disorders (EDs) is sometimes necessary, but research is lacking on whether HLOCs are actually more effective than less structured, lower levels of care. The purpose of the current study was to compare outcomes for patients with EDs at low weights who entered 24/7 care (inpatient and residential) to those entering non-24/7 care (partial hospitalization programming and intensive outpatient programming).

Methods: Participants were 1104 adults with body mass indices (BMI) between 14 and 17 receiving treatment for an ED at a large multisite treatment facility offering HLOCs between August 2019 and February 2024.

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a fast-acting, highly effective, and safe treatment for medication-resistant depression. Historically, the clinical benefits of ECT have been attributed to generating a controlled seizure; however, the underlying neurobiology is understudied and remains largely unresolved. Using optical neuroimaging to probe neural activity and hemodynamics in a mouse model of ECT, we demonstrated that a second brain event follows seizure: cortical spreading depolarization (CSD).

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Skin cancer after heart transplantation: a systematic review.

An Bras Dermatol

November 2024

Dermatology Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Dermatology Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Background: Cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality after solid organ transplants. Skin cancer is the most prevalent non-lymphoid malignancy occurring during heart transplantation follow-up. Due to the complexity of immunosuppressive therapy and the high prevalence and incidence of skin cancer in this population, dermatologists play an important role in the short and long-term follow-up of heart transplant recipients.

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Article Synopsis
  • High-dose glucocorticoid (GC)-based treatments for lupus nephritis are common but can cause significant side effects and are not always fully effective; this study explored the impact of adding voclosporin to a low-dose GC regimen.* -
  • Participants were matched from two study groups: those receiving voclosporin with low-dose GCs and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and those on high-dose GCs with MMF and intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVC); safety and efficacy were evaluated over 6 months.* -
  • Results indicated that the voclosporin group experienced fewer adverse events and achieved better reductions in urine protein levels compared to those receiving high-dose GCs
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Objectives: We analyzed trends in adoption of advanced patient engagement and clinical data analytics functionalities among critical access hospitals (CAHs) and non-CAHs to assess how historical gaps have changed.

Materials And Methods: We used 2014, 2018, and 2023 data from the American Hospital Association Annual Survey IT Supplement to measure differences in adoption rates (ie, the "adoption gap") of patient engagement and clinical data analytics functionalities across CAHs and non-CAHs. We measured changes over time in CAH and non-CAH adoption of 6 "core" clinical data analytics functionalities, 5 "core" patient engagement functionalities, 5 new patient engagement functionalities, and 3 bulk data export use cases.

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Objective: Examine the association between age and treatment outcomes in conditions causing single- versus multilevel airway restriction.

Study Design: Multi-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary laryngology centers.

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Chagas disease, the most common form of nonischaemic cardiomyopathy globally, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Latin America. Chagas cardiomyopathy has a wide clinical spectrum and prognosis, which is primarily determined by the severity of left ventricular dysfunction. Chagas disease also affects the brain, particularly manifesting as cardioembolic strokes and cognitive impairments.

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This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, we address the dilemma of engaging with foundational works versus depending on summary articles. We argue that an over-dependence on secondary sources can lead to prejudices and unquestioned assumptions, and limit the constructive development of our field.

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Understanding Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Roles in Academic Neurology Departments.

Neurology

November 2024

From the Department of Neurology (A.R.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Department of Neurology (N.A.M.), University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY; NeurAbilities Healthcare (M.C.), Voorhees, NJ; Department of Neurology (R.C.), Oregon Health Sciences University School of Medicine, Portland; Department of Neurology (C.C.F.I.), University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine; Department of Neurology (C.A.G.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore; Department of Neurology (R.H.H.), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Prisma Health (R.L.); Department of Neurology (T.S.M.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL; Department of Neurology (C.O.C.), Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Scottsdale, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.R.), University of California San Francisco School of Medicine; and Department of Neurology (R.P.T.), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA.

Academic neurology departments across the country have been rapidly adding diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs over the past 5-10 years. These programs frequently come with leadership roles that carry a variety of names and responsibilities, such as vice chair of DEI or diversity officer. Furthermore, there are roles for members of the department to be involved with DEI work without being designated the departmental DEI leader.

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