2,609 results match your criteria: "University of California School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Traditionally, the thermostability of a protein is defined by a melting temperature, at which half of the protein is unfolded. However, this definition cannot indicate the structural origin of a heat-induced unfolding pathway. Here, the thermoring structures were studied on the ATP-dependent heat-induced unfolding of the first nucleotide-binding domain from the human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of collaborative trauma-informed care (CTIC) for treating depression in primary care in Chile.

Methods: From August 2021 through June 2023, 16 primary care teams in the Maule Region of Chile, were randomly assigned to either the CTIC or usual treatment (UT) group. At baseline, 3 months, and 6 months, 115 patients in the CTIC group, and 99 in the UT group, were blindly evaluated.

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  • * FH+ young adults show signs of immune system dysregulation, evidenced by increased white blood cell counts and inflammation, which could contribute to their higher addiction risk.
  • * The study highlights a potential link between family history of substance disorders and immune changes, suggesting that simple blood tests could help identify individuals at risk for substance use disorders.
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The cell lysis mutant is a temperature-sensitive allele of .

bioRxiv

October 2024

Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.

The mutants designated (cell lysis) cause cell lysis at elevated temperatures. The mutation, previously localized to an 80 kilobase region between and on the right arm of chromosome VII, has been used for mutation mapping and in recombination assays, but its genetic identity has remained unknown. Whole genome sequencing of mutant and wild-type strains revealed four missense mutations specific to the mutant strain in the - interval, three of these missense mutations affected essential genes.

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Voltage-gated sodium (Na) channels are vital regulators of electrical activity in excitable cells, playing critical roles in generating and propagating action potentials. Given their importance in physiology, Na channels are key therapeutic targets for treating numerous conditions, yet developing subtype-selective drugs remains challenging due to the high sequence and structural conservation among Na family members. Recent advances in cryo-electron microscopy have resolved nearly all human Na channels, providing valuable insights into their structure and function.

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Purpose: This cross-sectional survey study quantified the humanistic burden of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), in terms of physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work productivity, among adults with primary IgAN and their care-partners.

Methods: HRQoL was assessed (01/31/22 - 05/31/23) with validated tools including the KDQoL-36 (with SF-12), GAD-7 (anxiety), PHQ-9 (depression), and WPAI: SHP (work productivity). Participant characteristics and total/domain scores were summarized; selected outcomes were compared to an external, kidney disease-free cohort.

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  • The study is a retrospective cohort analysis aimed at assessing the surgical outcomes of adult spinal deformity using AI-based clustering to categorize patients into different deformity types, including Moderate Sagittal, Severe Sagittal, Coronal, and Hyper-Thoracic Kyphosis.
  • A total of 1062 patients were analyzed, showing that while all deformity clusters experienced similar improvements in health-related quality of life after surgery, those in the Severe Sagittal cluster had notably higher complication rates, especially regarding major complications, reoperations, and implant failures.
  • Despite varying complication rates among clusters, the types of complications did not show significant differences, indicating that all clusters benefit equally from surgical interventions, achieving comparable rates of minimal clinically important difference in quality
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An intuitive guidewire control mechanism for robotic intervention.

Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg

October 2024

Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Teleoperated Interventional Robotic systems (TIRs) aim to reduce radiation exposure for physicians and improve accuracy, but their adoption is hindered by control interfaces that are not intuitive compared to traditional methods.
  • The research introduces a new control mechanism using an enhanced torque device paired with real-time motion mapping, designed to preserve the tactile feedback and muscle memory that interventionalists rely on.
  • Testing showed a low tracking error with the new interface, and though slightly larger and heavier than traditional devices, it offers a more intuitive solution that could lead to broader acceptance of robotic assistance in medical procedures.
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  • Clowns are not only popular in entertainment but also have inspired names in dermatology, referred to as medical eponyms.
  • The text identifies four clown-related eponyms: clown nose-like lesion, clown eczema, clown alopecia pattern in frontal fibrosing alopecia, and clown's face in Brachman de Lange syndrome.
  • It also recognizes the significant role of medical clowning in healthcare, specifically honoring Cobo the Clown, a dedicated clown who has contributed to patient care for over thirty years.
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Background: Given increased interest and investment in guaranteed income initiatives across North America, it is critical to understand the impact of guaranteed income on health, an understudied outcome. As part of Baltimore, Maryland's guaranteed income pilot, we conducted formative research to understand the influence of increased income on health and develop concrete recommendations for implementation and evaluation of the pilot.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with Baltimore community residents (n = 8) and community collaborators (n = 8), probing on familiarity with guaranteed income; effect of guaranteed income on overall health and specific health outcomes (e.

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  • Gastrointestinal involvement of Kaposi sarcoma is rare, especially in the lower tract, where it can mimic regular bowel polyps.
  • A study examined 15 patients (mostly men aged 26-80) with polypoid Kaposi sarcoma lesions in various parts of the lower gastrointestinal tract, finding that 11 had multifocal involvement and some also had upper tract lesions.
  • The findings suggest careful examination of gastrointestinal polyps in immunocompromised patients is essential, with immunohistochemical stains like human herpesvirus-8 aiding in accurate diagnosis.
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Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: Length of Stay (LOS) and resource utilization are of primary importance for hospital administration. This study aimed to understand the incremental effect of having a specific complication on LOS among ASD patients.

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Neuroepithelial tumors with fusion of PLAGL1 or amplification of PLAGL1/PLAGL2 have recently been described often with ependymoma-like or embryonal histology respectively. To further evaluate emerging entities with PLAG-family genetic alterations, the histologic, molecular, clinical, and imaging features are described for 8 clinical cases encountered at St. Jude (EWSR1-PLAGL1 fusion n = 6; PLAGL1 amplification n = 1; PLAGL2 amplification n = 1).

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Neuromodulators in Men.

Dermatol Surg

September 2024

Skin Care and Laser Physicians of Beverly Hills, Los Angeles, California.

Background And Objective: Botulinum toxin treatment is gaining popularity among men for cosmetic purposes driven by workplace competition and a desire for confidence and youthfulness. Because of the unique features of male facial anatomy, careful consideration is necessary during assessment and treatment execution.

Methods: The peer-reviewed literature on male facial anatomy in relation to neuromodulator treatment was analyzed with a particular emphasis on studies involving male subjects and the use of botulinum toxin type A.

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Background: Modulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activity in tumor cells enhances chemotherapy efficacy. We evaluated the selective GR modulator relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) who had received at least 2 prior therapy lines.

Patients And Methods: In this open-label, single-arm, phase III study, patients received once-daily oral relacorilant (100 mg, titrated to 150 mg in 25 mg increments/cycle) and nab-paclitaxel (80 mg/m2) on days 1, 8, and 15 of 28-day cycles.

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Voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) are pivotal in regulating electrical activity in excitable cells and are critical pharmaceutical targets for treating many diseases including cardiac arrhythmia and neuropathic pain. Despite their significance, challenges such as achieving target selectivity persist in VGIC drug development. Recent progress in deep learning, particularly diffusion models, has enabled the computational design of protein binders for any clinically relevant protein based solely on its structure.

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  • There is a lack of thorough longitudinal studies on how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted children's mental health over time, particularly regarding variations among different subgroups.
  • The study aims to assess changes in youth mental health from before the pandemic to the middle of it, using data from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program.
  • Results showed that of 1,229 participants, there were minor decreases in levels of externalizing behaviors, indicating subtle shifts in mental health throughout the pandemic while accounting for various sociodemographic factors.
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Immune responses and immunotherapeutic approaches in the treatment against cancer.

Clin Exp Metastasis

August 2024

California Pacific Medical Center and Research Institute, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA.

Cancer cells within a population are heterogeneous due to genomic mutations or epigenetic changes. The immune response to cancer especially the T cell repertoire within the cancer microenvionment is important to the control and growth of cancer cells. When a cancer clone breaks through the surveillance of the immune system, it wins the battle to overcome the host's immune system.

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  • The AJCC 8th edition guidelines recommend sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for primary melanomas with at least 1 mm Breslow thickness, while the NCCN considers it for certain thinner lesions with specific adverse features.
  • The introduction of the Sentinella gamma camera enhances SLN identification rates during surgery, improving accuracy over traditional methods.
  • At the California Pacific Medical Center, a multidisciplinary approach involving various specialists collaborates to provide personalized and effective treatment for melanoma patients, and this model can be applied to other cancer types as well.*
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  • * Overall, TCI usage surged by 66%, with high-sociodemographic-index (SDI) countries consuming significantly more TCIs—11.2 times higher than low-middle/low-SDI countries.
  • * The findings indicate a strong correlation between a country's SDI and geographic location with TCI utilization, while the burden of AD, measured in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), showed no significant impact on drug usage levels.
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Cancer metastasis through the lymphatic versus blood vessels.

Clin Exp Metastasis

August 2024

Department of Surgery, Neurosurgery and Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.

Whether cancer cells metastasize from the primary site to the distant sites via the lymphatic vessels or the blood vessels directly into the circulation is still under intense study. In this review article, we follow the journey of cancer cells metastasizing to the sentinel lymph nodes and beyond to the distant sites. We emphasize cancer heterogeneity and microenvironment as major determinants of cancer metastasis.

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Purpose: Although advancements in medical treatments have been made, approximately half of patients with intestinal Crohn's disease (CD) require intestinal resections during their lifetime. It is well-known that the nutritional status of CD patients can impact postoperative morbidity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with intestinal CD who underwent primary bowel resection.

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