Measurement of multidifferential cross sections for dijet production in proton-proton collisions at .

A measurement of the dijet production cross section is reported based on proton-proton collision data collected in 2016 at by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 36.3 . Jets are reconstructed with the anti- algorithm for distance parameters of and 0.

An Introduction to the Complete Blood Count for Clinical Chemists: White Blood Cells.

Background: The most frequently ordered laboratory test worldwide is the complete blood count (CBC). As clinical chemists are increasingly assigned to assist or direct laboratories outside of the traditional clinical chemistry sections, such as the automated hematology section, expertise must be established. This review article is a dedication to that ongoing effort.

Previous treatment with anthracycline does not affect the course of sepsis in cancer patients: Retrospective cohort study.

Background: Cancer patients who are exposed to sepsis and had previous chemotherapy may have increased severity. Among chemotherapeutic agents, anthracyclines have been associated with cardiac toxicity. Like other chemotherapeutic agents, they may cause endothelial toxicity.

Remote Monitoring in Heart Failure: Revolutionizing Patient Management and Outcomes.

Heart failure (HF) is a global health issue, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality, particularly in North America. The management of HF is complex, requiring diligent monitoring to prevent decompensation and clinical progression. While there have been improvements in treating HF, it still leads to significant negative health outcomes and heavily contributes to the use of healthcare services.

Environment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science.

This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the CTSA Program led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the United States. Key findings indicate a diverse range of institutional strategies, with most organizations in the experimental phase of GenAI deployment. The results underscore the need for a more coordinated approach to GenAI governance, emphasizing collaboration among senior leaders, clinicians, information technology staff, and researchers.

Designing community-based strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with tuberculosis in Lusaka, Zambia: a rapid qualitative study among key stakeholders.

Background: In high-burden settings, most tuberculosis (TB) transmission likely occurs outside the home. Our qualitative study in Zambia explored the acceptability and preferences for designing TB active case finding (ACF) strategies to reach non-household contacts of people with TB.

Methods: We conducted 56 in-depth interviews with persons with TB ( = 12), TB healthcare workers (HCWs) ( = 10), TB lay HCWs ( = 10), and leaders/owners ( = 12) and attendees ( = 12) of community venue types identified as potential TB transmission locations.

Preterm Labor and Hypertensive Disorders in Adolescent Pregnancies With Diabetes Between 2006 and 2019.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the risk of preterm labor and hypertensive disorders in adolescent pregnancies with and without diabetes.

Methods: We evaluated 1,843,139 adolescents (≤20 years old) with labor and delivery admissions in the national Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) in years 2006, 2009, 2012, 2016, and 2019. International classification of disease codes was used to identify diabetes and medical factors affecting pregnancy.

Multi-disciplinary research will be the key to stop, restore, and end MS.

The past 25 years have brought extraordinary advances in our understanding of MS pathogenesis and the subsequent development of effective therapies. Collaborative genetics efforts have uncovered the association of 236 common DNA variants with disease susceptibility and the first association with disease severity, paving the way to more effective therapies, particularly for progressive forms of the disease. In parallel, and in addition to established environmental disease triggers or modifiers, new collaborative work has revealed new associations with components of the gut microbiome.

Extracting Housing and Food Insecurity Information From Clinical Notes Using cTAKES.

Objective: To assess the utility and challenges of using natural language processing (NLP) in electronic health records (EHRs) to ascertain health-related social needs (HRSNs) among older adults.

Study Setting And Design: We extracted HRSN information using the NLP system Clinical Text Analysis and Knowledge Extraction System (cTAKES), combined with Concept Unique Identifiers and Systematized Nomenclature for Medicine codes. We validated cTAKES performance, via manual chart review, on two HRSNs: food insecurity, which was included in the healthcare system's HRSN screening tool, and housing insecurity, which was not.

Heterogeneity of Clostridioides difficile asymptomatic colonization prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Asymptomatic carriers significantly influence the transmission dynamics of C. difficile. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of toxigenic C.

Correlates of internalized stigma and antiretroviral therapy adherence among people living with HIV in the Volta region of Ghana.

Objective: HIV-related stigma is a major public health concern compromising the rights and health outcomes of many people living with HIV (PLWH). Its reduction is said to be critical in strengthening the continuous efforts targeted at preventing and controlling HIV, as it directly impacts antiretroviral treatment adherence. This study examines the association between HIV-related stigma and adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) among PLWH in one of the 16 administrative regions of Ghana, Africa.

Determinants of frailty among hospitalized older adults across various wards in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Introduction: Frailty, characterized by decreased resilience due to physiological decline, affects approximately 65% of community-dwelling elderly in Nepal. This study assessed frailty and its factors among hospitalized older adults in a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 124 participants aged 60 and above, admitted to a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Promoting Health Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Medical and Scientific Writing and Publishing of Research: A Statement from the Inaugural Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Advocacy Team of the Journal of General Internal Medicine.

The Journal of General Internal Medicine (JGIM) has a long-standing history of publishing manuscripts focused on health equity and is committed to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in scientific writing and publishing. This is extremely important in the current climate where false narratives and attacks on DEI and health equity are rampant. To demonstrate their commitment to DEI and health equity, the JGIM Editors-in-Chief created an inaugural DEI Advocacy Team.

Social epidemiology of early adolescent nutrition.

Background: This study aimed to investigate associations between sociodemographic factors and dietary intake among a diverse population of early adolescents ages 10-13 years in the United States.

Methods: We examined data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study in Year 2 (2018-2020, ages 10-13 years, N = 10,280). Multivariable linear regression models were conducted to estimate the adjusted associations between sociodemographic factors (age, sex, race and ethnicity, household income, parental education) and dietary intake of various food groups, measured by the Block Kids Food Screener.

Role of institutional and state policies in management of pregnancies of unknown location: a 2024 online survey of Ryan Programs in the United States.

Objective: To assess the perceived impact of state and institutional policies on managing pregnancies of unknown location (PUL) at U.S. Ryan residency programs.

Pitfalls and practical suggestions for using local field potential recordings in DBS clinical practice and research.

Local field potential (LFP) recordings using chronically implanted sensing-enabled stimulators are a powerful tool for indexing symptom presence and severity in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, and for enhancing our neurophysiological understanding of brain processes. LFPs have gained interest as input signals for closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) and can be used to inform DBS parameter selection. LFP recordings using chronically implanted sensing-enabled stimulators have various implementational challenges.

Designing the First Pregnancy Guaranteed Income Program in the United States: Qualitative Needs Assessment and Human-Centered Design to Develop the Abundant Birth Project.

Background: Racial inequities in pregnancy outcomes persist despite investments in clinical, educational, and behavioral interventions, indicating that a new approach is needed to address the root causes of health disparities. Guaranteed income during pregnancy has the potential to narrow racial health inequities for birthing people and infants by alleviating financial stress.

Objective: We describe community-driven formative research to design the first pregnancy-guaranteed income program in the United States-the Abundant Birth Project (ABP).

Integrative genomic analysis of DLBCL identifies immune environments associated with bispecific antibody response.

Most diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients treated with immunotherapies such as bispecific antibodies (BsAb) or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells fail to achieve durable treatment responses, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of mechanisms that regulate the immune environment and response to treatment. Here, an integrative, multi-omic approach was applied to multiple large independent datasets in order to characterize DLBCL immune environments, and to define their association with tumor cell-intrinsic genomic alterations and outcomes to CD19-directed CAR T-cell and CD20 x CD3 BsAb therapies. This approach effectively segregated DLBCLs into four immune quadrants (IQ) defined by cell-of-origin and immune-related gene set expression scores.

From impact metrics and open science to communicating research: Journalists' awareness of academic controversies.

This study sheds light on how journalists respond to evolving debates within academia around topics including research integrity, improper use of metrics to measure research quality and impact, and the risks and benefits of the open science movement. It does so through a codebook thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 19 health and science journalists from the Global North. We find that journalists' perceptions of these academic controversies vary widely, with some displaying a highly critical and nuanced understanding and others presenting a more limited awareness.

Trends in Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates.

Importance: Incidence of distant stage prostate cancer is increasing in the United States. Research is needed to understand trends by social and geographic factors.

Objective: To examine trends in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates in California by stage, age, race and ethnicity, and region.

Neural Correlates of the Musicianship Advantage to the Cocktail Party Effect.

Prior research has indicated musicians show an auditory processing advantage in phonemic processing of language. The aim of the current study was to elucidate when in the auditory cortical processing stream this advantage emerges in a cocktail-party-like environment. Participants (n = 34) were aged 18-35 years and deemed to be either a musician (10+-year experience) or nonmusician (no formal training).

Cross-Sectional Comparison of Structural MRI Markers of Impairment in a Diverse Cohort of Older Adults.

Neurodegeneration is presumed to be the pathological process measure most proximal to clinical symptom onset in Alzheimer Disease (AD). Structural MRI is routinely collected in research and clinical trial settings. Several quantitative MRI-based measures of atrophy have been proposed, but their low correspondence with each other has been previously documented.