Implementation of a university-wide health-system collaborative to provide pharmacy preceptor development across multiple institutions.

Disclaimer: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

Predictors of Injection Visit Adherence in Those Receiving Injectable Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine.

Background: There is limited data evaluating potential predictors of adherence to injection visits and the impact of late injections on viral suppression in those receiving long-acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) for the treatment of HIV.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult people with HIV receiving LAI CAB/RPV for at least 6 months between May 2021 and August 2023. Data collected included demographics, office visit no-shows 1 year before switching to LAI CAB/RPV, injection visit no-shows, injections outside the dosing window, and virologic outcomes.

Continuous peripheral nerve blocks for burn management: a retrospective study of outcomes and complications in 281 burn patients.

Background: There is scarce literature regarding the use of continuous peripheral nerve blocks in acute burn patients, who may be at higher risk for catheter-related complications, including infection. We sought to describe our center's experience and infection rate with continuous perineural catheters in the setting of pain management for patients suffering from burns.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed including all patients admitted to an American Burn Association-verified regional burn center between January 2018 and July 2023 who received a continuous peripheral nerve block for an acute burn injury.

Prioritizing Faculty Well-Being: Why it Matters, What Schools Can Do, and a Call for Action.

Previous studies have identified high rates of burnout among health care workers and health professions faculty. Despite interventions being showcased at national meetings in both posters and platform presentations, there is minimal peer-reviewed published research focusing on professional well-being interventions and their assessments specific to pharmacy faculty. This commentary serves as a call to action to design and publish research related to work-system interventions to decrease burnout and promote professional well-being among all academic pharmacy faculty, and particularly subgroups who may be most at risk, such as women and assistant-level faculty.

Development of a Prepharmacy Underrepresented Mentorship Program for Undergraduate Students.

Objective: To describe the development of an innovative prepharmacy underrepresented mentorship program (PUMP) to provide guidance and support to prepharmacy students who are committed to serving underrepresented communities with health disparities.

Methods: Three virtual PUMP workshops were designed and delivered per admissions cycle for prepharmacy students who were applying to any school of pharmacy and self-identified as interested in serving underrepresented communities. Faculty, current pharmacy students, staff, and school leadership provided guidance and support on the application and interview process and how to select a program once offered admission.

IgG testing, immunoglobulin replacement therapy, and infection outcomes in patients with CLL or NHL: real-world evidence.

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) can develop hypogammaglobulinemia, a form of secondary immune deficiency (SID), from the disease and treatments. Patients with hypogammaglobulinemia with recurrent infections may benefit from immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT). This study evaluated patterns of immunoglobulin G (IgG) testing and the effectiveness of IgRT in real-world patients with CLL or NHL.

Assessing the prevalence of Beers medication utilization in the Medicare Part D population in 2020.

Background: Medication utilization has been increasing in the U.S. year-over-year for several decades.

Intravenous iron in patients with iron deficiency and heart failure: a review of modern evidence.

Purpose Of Review: Iron deficiency is common in patients with heart failure, affecting up to half of ambulatory patients and an even greater percentage of patients admitted for acute decompensation. Iron deficiency in this population is also associated with poor outcomes, including worse quality of life in addition to increased hospitalizations for heart failure and mortality. Evidence suggests that patients with iron deficiency in heart failure may benefit from repletion with IV iron.

A National Survey of Perceptions Around Conditions Associated With Pharmacy Faculty Workload Equity.

Objective: To assess pharmacy faculty members' perceptions of conditions associated with workload equity and factors that can improve workload equity.

Methods: A 26-item survey instrument was developed and distributed via email to members of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Council of Faculties. Questions pertained to the workload distribution, fairness in assignment, and perception of the conditions associated with workload equity (transparency, context, credit, clarity, norms, and accountability) as well as institutional and individual demographics.

Healthcare Professionals' Perspectives on Improving Dietary Supplement Documentation in the Electronic Medical Record: Current Challenges and Opportunities to Enhance Quality of Care and Patient Safety.

Background: Around half the US population uses dietary supplements (DS), and concomitant use with medications is common. Many DS include bioactive substances that can interact with medications; therefore, accurate tracking is critical for patient safety. Unfortunately, documentation of patients' DS use is often missing or incomplete in the electronic medical record (EMR), leaving patients susceptible to potential adverse events.

Chemotherapy in pediatric brain tumor and the challenge of the blood-brain barrier.

Background: Pediatric brain tumors (PBT) stand as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. Chemoradiation protocols have improved survival rates, even for non-resectable tumors. Nonetheless, radiation therapy carries the risk of numerous adverse effects that can have long-lasting, detrimental effects on the quality of life for survivors.

Prevalence and Correlates of Past Year Ecstasy/MDMA Use in the United States.

Objectives: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (also known as "ecstasy" or "Molly") has regained attention in recent years for its efficacy in treating posttraumatic stress disorder, and the drug was granted breakthrough therapy designation for such use by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2017. However, little is known about the current epidemiology of recreational ecstasy/MDMA use.

Methods: We estimated past-year prevalence and correlates of ecstasy/MDMA use based on a representative sample of noninstitutionalized US individuals 12 years or older from the 2015-2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 315,661).

Palliation of Intractable Cancer-Related Pain With Low-Dose Epidural Bupivacaine.

Patients with advanced cancer nearing end of life often present with complex multifactorial pain. Although epidural analgesia is routinely used in inpatient hospital settings for targeted pain control, there is scant description in the literature of the use of low-dose epidural analgesia for relief of cancer-related pain at end of life. In this study, we present a case of difficult to control cancer-related rectal and pelvic pain in a patient who responded well in her last days of life to a low-dose bupivacaine epidural.

Management of Acetaminophen Poisoning in the US and Canada: A Consensus Statement.

Importance: The US and Canada currently have no formal published nationwide guidelines for specialists in poison information or emergency departments for the management of acetaminophen poisoning, resulting in significant variability in management.

Objective: To develop consensus guidelines for the management of acetaminophen poisoning in the US and Canada.

Evidence Review: Four clinical toxicology societies (America's Poison Centers, American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, American College of Medical Toxicology, and Canadian Association of Poison Control Centers) selected participants (n = 21).

Effects of the July 2018 worldwide valsartan recall and shortage on global trends in antihypertensive medication use: a time-series analysis in 83 countries.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the effects of the July 2018 worldwide valsartan recall and shortage on global trends of antihypertensive medication use in 83 countries.

Methods: A time-series analysis of monthly purchases of valsartan, other angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) across 83 countries from January 2017 to July 2020 was conducted using the IQVIA MIDAS database. Trends in outcomes were investigated globally and by economic level (developed vs developing economies).

Implementation and impact of a fourth-year student pharmacist wellness series pilot on perceived stress and support.

Background And Purpose: A wellness program was piloted for student pharmacists in their advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) year. The purpose is to describe the program implementation and its impact on APPE students' perceived stress and perception of support by school personnel.

Educational Activity And Setting: A three-session virtual wellness program was designed for APPE students.

Impact of Medication Reconciliation by a Dialysis Pharmacist.

Integrating a pharmacist into a hemodialysis unit significantly reduced medication discrepancies and medication-related problems over time.Medication reconciliation for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services End-Stage Renal Disease Quality Incentive Program can be optimally performed by a dialysis pharmacist.

Drug-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Risk Prediction Models.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) risk prediction models can predict AKI with short lead times and excellent model performance. However, these prediction models have not ascertained the etiology of the AKI. Drugs are an important contributor to AKI, and it is difficult to distinguish drug causes from other etiologies.

Improved Patient-Reported Medication Adherence, Patient Satisfaction, and Glycemic Control in a Collaborative Care Pharmacist-Led Diabetes "Tune-Up" Clinic.

Diabetes complications remain a leading cause of death, which may be due to poor glycemic control resulting from medication nonadherence. The relationship between adherence status and HbA1c (glycemic control) has not been well-studied for clinical pharmacist interventions. This study evaluated medication adherence, patient satisfaction, and HbA1c, in a collaborative pharmacist-endocrinologist diabetes clinic over 6 months.

Using Self-Management and Visual Cues to Improve Responses to Nonverbal Social Cues in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Many individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience challenges with social communication, including recognizing and responding to non-verbal cues. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of self-management combined with textual cues to teach adults with ASD to recognize and respond to nonverbal expressions of boredom and confusion during social conversation. A multiple baseline across participants design was used to assess the efficacy of this intervention for three participants.

Brief Report: Pharmacokinetics of Bictegravir and Tenofovir in Combination With Darunavir/Cobicistat in Treatment-Experienced Persons With HIV.

Background: Bictegravir coformulated with emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide as a fixed-dose combination (BIC/FTC/TAF 50/200/25 mg) is recommended as an initial regimen in patients who are antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve or virologically suppressed on a stable ARV regimen. However, no real-world pharmacokinetic (PK) data are available in treatment-experienced patients with antiretroviral resistance receiving BIC/FTC/TAF plus a boosted protease inhibitor.

Setting/methods: This prospective, single-center, nonrandomized pharmacokinetic study enrolled adult treatment-experienced persons with HIV and creatinine clearance >30 mL/min receiving BIC/FTC/TAF + DRV/c as part of routine clinical care.

Effectiveness of Providing Video Podcasts to Pharmacy Students in a Self-Study Pharmaceutical Calculations Module.

To evaluate the effect of providing educational video podcasts to first-year pharmacy students enrolled in a self-taught pharmaceutical calculations module. Six video podcasts were designed and posted online for pharmacy students to review prior to taking pharmaceutical calculations quizzes over the course of one year. The video podcasts demonstrated how to solve the most difficult problems on each of the six quizzes.

Optimizing Aminoglycoside Dosing Regimens for Critically Ill Pediatric Patients with Augmented Renal Clearance: a Convergence of Parametric and Nonparametric Population Approaches.

Augmented renal clearance (ARC) can occur in critically ill pediatric patients receiving aminoglycosides such as gentamicin and tobramycin, yet optimal dosing strategies for ARC are undefined. We evaluated the probability of achieving efficacious or toxic exposures in pediatrics. Parallel population modeling of concentration strategies were pursued using v1.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Using Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate.

Pharmacokinetics of drugs can be affected by physiologic changes during pregnancy. Our aim was to assess the influence of covariates on tenofovir (TFV) pharmacokinetics in pregnant and postpartum women receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Population pharmacokinetic parameter estimates and the influence of covariates were assessed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling (NONMEM 7.