Prospects of thermotolerant Kluyveromyces marxianus for high solids ethanol fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass.

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is effective for minimizing sugar inhibition during high solids fermentation of biomass solids to ethanol. However, fungal enzymes used during SSF are optimal between 50 and 60 °C, whereas most fermentative yeast, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, do not tolerate temperatures above 37 °C. Kluyveromyces marxianus variant CBS 6556 is a thermotolerant eukaryote that thrives at 43 °C, thus potentially serving as a promising new host for SSF operation in biorefineries.

Pangenome-wide analysis of cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene family in citrus . Revealed their intraspecies diversity and potential roles in abiotic stress tolerance.

Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC) gene family has been found to be involved in physiological processes including signaling pathways, environmental stresses, plant growth, and development. This gene family of non-selective cation channels is known to regulate the uptake of calcium and is reported in several plant species. The pangenome-wide studies enable researchers to understand the genetic diversity comprehensively; as a comparative analysis of multiple plant species or member of a species at once helps to better understand the evolutionary relationships and diversity present among them.

Multi-Vessel Coronary Artery Ectasia.

Coronary artery ectasia is a relatively rare entity, especially when it involves the left main coronary artery. Furthermore, it is even more uncommon for such a disease process to involve multiple coronary arteries. Here we describe a case of a 78-year-old female who did not possess any of the common risk factors or vasculitic etiologies associated with coronary artery ectasia, who was found to have multi-vessel ectatic segments, including that of the left main coronary artery.

Real-world particle and NO emissions from hybrid electric vehicles under cold weather conditions.

Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) technology is critical to reduce the impact of the internal combustion engines on air pollution and greenhouse gases. HEVs have an advantage in market penetration due to their lower cost and higher driving range compared to battery electric vehicles (BEVs). On the other hand, HEVs use an internal combustion engine and still emit air pollutants.

Ethylene Polymerization Activity of (RP)Ni(codH) (cod = 1,5-cylcooctadiene) Sites Supported on Sulfated Zirconium Oxide.

PAr containing -OMe, -Me, or -Et substituents reacts with Brønsted sites on sulfated zirconium oxide () to form [HPAr][]. The phosphonium sites on this material react with bis(cyclooctadiene)nickel [Ni(cod)] to form [Ni(PAr)(codH)][] that are active in ethylene polymerization reactions. Selective poisoning studies with pyridine show that ∼90% of the Ni(PAr)(codH) sites in this material are active in polymerization reactions.

Psychosis resulting from trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment for preseptal cellulitis.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is a commonly used antimicrobial agent because of its low cost, diverse antimicrobial profile, and minimal severe adverse effects. A rare side effect is psychosis, a complication that has not been published in the ophthalmology literature. A 53-year-old female presented to the ophthalmology office with left upper eyelid erythema, focal tenderness, and discharge.

Biomass augmentation through thermochemical pretreatments greatly enhances digestion of switchgrass by .

Background: The thermophilic anaerobic bacterium is a multifunctional ethanol producer, capable of both saccharification and fermentation, that is central to the consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) approach of converting lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol without external enzyme supplementation. Although CBP organisms have evolved efficient machinery for biomass deconstruction, achieving complete solubilization requires targeted approaches, such as pretreatment, to prepare recalcitrant biomass feedstocks for further biological digestion. Here, differences between how and fungal cellulases respond to senescent switchgrass prepared by four different pretreatment techniques revealed relationships between biomass substrate composition and its digestion by the two biological approaches.

Boron: Enabling Exciting Metal-Rich Structures and Magnetic Properties.

Boron's unique chemical properties and its reactions with metals have yielded the large class of metal borides with compositions ranging from the most boron-rich YB (used as monochromator for synchrotron radiation) up to the most metal-rich NdFeB (the best permanent magnet to date). The excellent magnetic properties of the latter compound originate from its unique crystal structure to which the presence of boron is essential. In general, knowing the crystal structure of any given extended solid is the prerequisite to understanding its physical properties and eventually predicting new synthetic targets with desirable properties.

Synthesis of a hybrid m-terphenyl/o-carborane building block: applications in phosphine ligand design.

A hybrid terphenyl/o-carborane ligand building block is synthesized by the reaction of m-terphenylalkyne with B10H14. This sterically demanding substituent can be installed into ligands, as demonstrated by the preparation of carboranylphosphine. The bulky phosphine reacts with [ClRh(CO)2]2 to produce monophosphine complex ClRhL(CO)2, which subsequently extrudes CO under vacuum to afford the dimeric species [ClRhL(CO)]2.

Synthesis and characterization of a neutral tricoordinate organoboron isoelectronic with amines.

Amines and boranes are the archetypical Lewis bases and acids, respectively. The former can readily undergo one-electron oxidation to give radical cations, whereas the latter are easily reduced to afford radical anions. Here, we report the synthesis of a neutral tricoordinate boron derivative, which acts as a Lewis base and undergoes one-electron oxidation into the corresponding radical cation.