Treatment outcomes and costs of a simplified antiretroviral treatment strategy for hepatitis C among Hepatitis C Virus and Human Immuno deficiency Virus co-infected patients in Ukraine.

Background And Aim: To demonstrate the use of a standard dose of ledipasvir (LDV) and sofosbuvir (SOF), with or without ribavirin, to treat hepatitis C and hepatitis C/HIV co-infection in Ukraine.

Methods: Eligible HCV viraemic adults from two clinics in Kyiv were treated with LDV/SOF with or without weight-based ribavirin for 12 weeks. Clinical assessments were performed at screening and at week 24, and as needed; treatment was dispensed every 4 weeks.

Host association, environment, and geography underlie genomic differentiation in a major forest pest.

Diverse geographic, environmental, and ecological factors affect gene flow and adaptive genomic variation within species. With recent advances in landscape ecological modelling and high-throughput DNA sequencing, it is now possible to effectively quantify and partition their relative contributions. Here, we use landscape genomics to identify determinants of genomic differentiation in the forest tent caterpillar, , a widespread and irruptive pest of numerous deciduous tree species in North America.

Tb and Sm co-doped CaLa(SiO)F phosphor: synthesis, color regulation, and luminescence properties.

The polychromatic phosphor with an apatite structure CaLa(SiO)F:0.15Tb,Sm (CLSOF:0.15Tb,Sm) was synthesized a solid-state route.

Assessing proximity effect of high-acuity pediatric emergency departments on the pediatric readiness scores in neighboring general emergency departments.

Study Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine if there is a proximity effect of high-acuity, pediatric-capable emergency departments (EDs) on the weighted pediatric readiness score of neighboring general EDs and whether this effect is attributable to specific components of the National Pediatric Readiness Guidelines.

Methods: Pediatric readiness was assessed using the weighted pediatric readiness score of EDs based on the 2013 National Pediatric Readiness Project assessment. High-acuity, pediatric-capable EDs were defined as those with a separate pediatric ED and inpatient pediatric services, including the following: pediatric ICU, pediatric ward, and neonatal ICU.

Safety of macitentan for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension: Real-world experience from the OPsumit® USers Registry (OPUS) and OPsumit® Historical USers cohort (OrPHeUS).

Macitentan is an oral endothelin receptor antagonist for the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The OPsumit® USers Registry (OPUS) and the OPsumit® Historical USers cohort (OrPHeUS) medical chart review provide real-world data for patients newly initiating macitentan. This study aims to describe the characteristics, safety profile, and clinical outcomes of PAH patients newly treated with macitentan in the combined OPUS/OrPHeUS data set.

Impact of acute intoxication on quantitative pupillometry assessment in the emergency department.

Study Hypothesis/objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to assess whether and to what extent different quantitative pupillometry (QP) metrics are associated with different intoxicant drug classes as well as investigate the potential benefit of QP as a tool in the rapid assessment of clinically intoxicated patients in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Between February 25, 2019 and April 24, 2021, 325 patients were enrolled in the EDs of the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP) and Penn Presbyterian Medical Center (PPMC). Patients deemed clinically intoxicated or in withdrawal by an attending emergency physician were considered for eligibility.

The Spectral Species Concept in Living Color.

Biodiversity monitoring is an almost inconceivable challenge at the scale of the entire Earth. The current (and soon to be flown) generation of spaceborne and airborne optical sensors (i.e.

A Test of Energetic Particle Precipitation Models Using Simultaneous Incoherent Scatter Radar and Van Allen Probes Observations.

Quantification of energetic electron precipitation caused by wave-particle interactions is fundamentally important to understand the cycle of particle energization and loss of the radiation belts. One important way to determine how well the wave-particle interaction models predict losses through pitch-angle scattering into the atmospheric loss cone is the direct comparison between the ionization altitude profiles expected in the atmosphere due to the precipitating fluxes and the ionization profiles actually measured with incoherent scatter radars. This paper reports such a comparison using a forward propagation of loss-cone electron fluxes, calculated with the electron pitch angle diffusion model applied to Van Allen Probes measurements, coupled with the Boulder Electron Radiation to Ionization model, which propagates the fluxes into the atmosphere.

Modeling Global Carbon Costs of Plant Nitrogen and Phosphorus Acquisition.

Most Earth system models (ESMs) do not explicitly represent the carbon (C) costs of plant nutrient acquisition, which leads to uncertainty in predictions of the current and future constraints to the land C sink. We integrate a plant productivity-optimizing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) acquisition model (fixation & uptake of nutrients, FUN) into the energy exascale Earth system (E3SM) land model (ELM). Global plant N and P uptake are dynamically simulated by ELM-FUN based on the C costs of nutrient acquisition from mycorrhizae, direct root uptake, retranslocation from senescing leaves, and biological N fixation.

Tuning through-space interactions the secondary coordination sphere of an artificial metalloenzyme leads to enhanced Rh(iii)-catalysis.

We report computationally-guided protein engineering of monomeric streptavidin Rh(iii) artificial metalloenzyme to enhance catalysis of the enantioselective coupling of acrylamide hydroxamate esters and styrenes. Increased TON correlates with calculated distances between the Rh(iii) metal and surrounding residues, underscoring an artificial metalloenzyme's propensity for additional control in metal-catalyzed transformations by through-space interactions.

Reinke's edema management and voice outcomes.

Objectives: Reinke's edema is a chronic disease of the respiratory tract that occurs in adults with a history of chronic smoke exposure. Also known as polypoid corditis, polypoid laryngitis, and polypoid degeneration of the vocal fold, it is strongly associated with smoking, frequently with vocal misuse/abuse, and occasionally with laryngopharyngeal reflux. Reinke's edema remains a cause of chronic dysphonia that is difficult to manage.

Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes of 30-Day Readmission With Heart Failure After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From the US Nationwide Readmission Database.

BACKGROUND Data on trends, predictors, and outcomes of heart failure (HF) readmissions after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remain limited. Moreover, the relationship between hospital TAVR discharge volume and HF readmission outcomes has not been established. METHODS AND RESULTS The Nationwide Readmission Database was used to identify 30-day readmissions for HF after TAVR from October 1, 2015, to November 30, 2018, using () codes.

Depletions of Multi-MeV Electrons and Their Association to Minima in Phase Space Density.

Fast-localized electron loss, resulting from interactions with electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves, can produce deepening minima in phase space density (PSD) radial profiles. Here, we perform a statistical analysis of local PSD minima to quantify how readily these are associated with radiation belt depletions. The statistics of PSD minima observed over a year are compared to the Versatile Electron Radiation Belts (VERB) simulations, both including and excluding EMIC waves.

Attribution of Space-Time Variability in Global-Ocean Dissolved Inorganic Carbon.

The inventory and variability of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is driven by the interplay of physical, chemical, and biological processes. Quantifying the spatiotemporal variability of these drivers is crucial for a mechanistic understanding of the ocean carbon sink and its future trajectory. Here, we use the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean-Darwin ocean biogeochemistry state estimate to generate a global-ocean, data-constrained DIC budget and investigate how spatial and seasonal-to-interannual variability in three-dimensional circulation, air-sea CO flux, and biological processes have modulated the ocean sink for 1995-2018.

Sensitivity of Upper Atmosphere to Different Characteristics of Flow Bursts in the Auroral Zone.

Meso-scale plasma convection and particle precipitation could be significant momentum and energy sources for the ionosphere-thermosphere (I-T) system. Following our previous work on the I-T response to a typical midnight flow burst, flow bursts with different characteristics (lifetime, size, and speed) have been examined systematically with Global Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model (GITM) simulations in this study. Differences between simulations with and without additional flow bursts are used to illustrate the impact of flow bursts on the I-T system.

Implementation and value of a student-run volunteer clinical research program at an academic medical center.

Clinical research output in the emergency department (ED) continues to be constrained by limitations in funding for researchers, demands of patient care on ED providers, and difficulties in obtaining high-quality data. In response, several institutions have established programs in which student volunteers are integrated into department workflows to increase clinical research output and introduce pre-health students to careers in medicine. One such program, the student volunteer clinical research program, presently consists of over 40 undergraduate and post-baccalaureate student volunteers who screen, consent, and enroll patients into prospective studies in the ED of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Ronald Reagan Medical Center.

Non-thermal plasma promotes hair growth by improving the inter-follicular macroenvironment.

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is widely used in the disinfection and surface modification of biomaterials. NTP treatment can regenerate and improve skin function; however, its effectiveness on hair follicle (HF) growth and its underlying mechanisms need to be elucidated. Herein, we propose an air-based NTP treatment, which generates exogenous nitric oxide (eNO), as a therapeutic strategy for hair growth.

A novel and facile synthesis strategy for highly stable cesium lead halide nanowires.

As promising low-dimensional semiconductor materials, cesium lead halide (CsPbX, X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite-like nanowires (NWs) can be widely applied to the field of semiconductor devices and integrated optoelectronics. Therefore, developing a facile and efficient synthesis method of cesium lead halide perovskite-like NWs can bring both fundamental and practical impacts to the field of optoelectronics. Here, we developed a synthesis strategy of all-inorganic cesium lead halide CsPbI perovskite-like NWs under catalyst-free, solution-phase, and low-temperature conditions.

Association of HIV Serostatus and Inflammation With Ascending Aortic Size.

Background The prevalence and extent of subclinical large vessel vasculopathy is not well defined among people living with HIV. We aimed to evaluate associations between aortic root and ascending aortic sizes measured by 2-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography and HIV serostatus, and to identify risk factors for larger aortic sizes among men with HIV, including levels of circulating inflammatory markers. Methods and Results Using clinical and echocardiographic data from the MACS (Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study), adjusted multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed.