World neurology updates: Other primary headache disorder - Treatment.

•The trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias are a severe disabling form of primary headache disorders characterized by severe unilateral pain commonly associated with ipsilateral cranial autonomic features as well as a sense of restlessness or agitation, of which the most common is cluster headache.•Different forms of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias include cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania (PH), hemicrania continua (HC), short lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT)/short lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with cranial autonomic symptoms (SUNA) and are differentiated based on their duration and frequency•Triptans, such as sumatriptan by injection, high flow 100 % oxygen by face mask, or non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation, are mainstay acute treatments of attacks of cluster headache.•Interim preventive treatments to reduce attack frequency include a short course of high dose oral corticosteroids, local anesthetic/corticosteroid injection around the homolateral (to pain) greater occipital nerve or the CGRP monoclonal antibody galcanezumab.

Functional genomics, genetic risk profiling and cell phenotypes in neurodegenerative disease.

Human genetics provides unbiased insights into the causes of human disease, which can be used to create a foundation for effective ways to more accurately diagnose patients, stratify patients for more successful clinical trials, discover and develop new therapies, and ultimately help patients choose the safest and most promising therapeutic option based on their risk profile. But the process for translating basic observations from human genetics studies into pathogenic disease mechanisms and treatments is laborious and complex, and this challenge has particularly slowed the development of interventions for neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we discuss the many steps in the process, the important considerations at each stage, and some of the latest tools and technologies that are available to help investigators translate insights from human genetics into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that will lead to the sort of advances in clinical care that make a difference for patients.

Massage for children undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation: a qualitative report.

Background. No in-depth qualitative research exists about the effects of therapeutic massage with children hospitalized to undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The objective of this study is to describe parent caregivers' experience of the effects of massage/acupressure for their children undergoing HCT.

Effects of zero-length and non-zero-length cross-linking reagents on the optical spectral properties and structures of collagen hydrogels.

We compared the effects of zero-length cross-linkers 1-ethyl-3 (3dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and non-zero-length cross-linkers glycolaldehyde and glyceraldehyde on the optical and structural properties of three-dimensional (3D) collagen hydrogels. We evaluated these effects by multiphoton microscopy (MPM) that combined two-photon fluorescence (TPF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) contrasts and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The collagen hydrogels were incubated separately with the above-mentioned reagents present at the concentration of 0.

Assessing the performance of handheld glucose testing for critical care.

Background: We assessed the performance of a point-of-care (POC) glucose meter system (GMS) with multitasking test strip by using the locally-smoothed (LS) median absolute difference (MAD) curve method in conjunction with a modified Bland-Altman difference plot and superimposed International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 15197 tolerance bands. We analyzed performance for tight glycemic control (TGC).

Methods: A modified glucose oxidase enzyme with a multilayer-gold, multielectrode, four-well test strip (StatStriptrade mark, NOVA Biomedical, Waltham, MA) was used.

A recombinant IgG3-(IL-2) fusion protein for the treatment of human HER2/neu expressing tumors.

Anti-HER2/neu therapy of human HER2/neu expressing malignancies such as breast cancer has shown only partial success in clinical trials. To expand the clinical potential of this approach, we have genetically engineered an anti-HER2/neu human IgG3 fusion protein containing interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused at its carboxyl terminus. Anti-Her2/neu IgG3-(IL-2) retained antibody and cytokine related activity.

Patients' perceptions of medical students in a longitudinal family medicine clerkship.

Background: Although educational characteristics of ambulatory clinical environments are becoming clearer, less is known concerning patient opinions about participating in medical student instruction in ambulatory settings. Such perceptions may have an important influence on recruitment and retention of community faculty.

Methods: Surveys were administered to 121 patients seen by medical students during a longitudinal family medicine clerkship.

Signal transduction : a technical overview.

Delineation of downstream signal transduction pathways is important for determining which intracellular signals contribute to the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. In this review, we discuss current methodologies used to study cell signaling. A number of factors that may influence the specificity of signaling will also be taken into consideration.

Ethnicity and health among five Middle Eastern immigrant groups.

The relationships among immigration, ethnic identity, and health were investigated in subjects who emigrated from the Middle East to the United States. Egyptian, Yemeni, Iranian, Armenian, and Arab immigrants (N = 88) were interviewed to determine the relationship among ethnic group (country/culture of origin), strength of ethnic identity (four factors and perceived ethnic identity), and mental and physical health (perceived health, physical and psychological symptoms, and morale). The findings show significant differences among the five groups on cultural attitudes, social attitudes, family orientation, the number of physical symptoms, the number of psychological symptoms, perceived health status and positive morale.