A Novel HLA Class I Allele, HLA-C*12:424, Identified Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

Discovery of a novel HLA class I allele, HLA-C*12:424, identified using two NGS methods.

Correction to: Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma Presenting as a Gastric Lesion.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001319.

WHO global research priorities for antimicrobial resistance in human health.

The WHO research agenda for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in human health has identified 40 research priorities to be addressed by the year 2030. These priorities focus on bacterial and fungal pathogens of crucial importance in addressing AMR, including drug-resistant pathogens causing tuberculosis. These research priorities encompass the entire people-centred journey, covering prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of antimicrobial-resistant infections, in addition to addressing the overarching knowledge gaps in AMR epidemiology, burden and drivers, policies and regulations, and awareness and education.

The effect of rhizosphere pH on removal of naphthenic acid fraction compounds from oil sands process-affected water in a willow hydroponic system.

The extraction and processing of bitumen from the oil sands in northern Alberta, Canada generates large volumes of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW). OSPW contains a complex mixture of inorganic and organic compounds, including naphthenic acid fraction compounds (NAFCs) that are of particular concern due to their toxicity to aquatic organisms. Phytoremediation is a cost-effective, scalable approach that has the potential to remove NAFCs from OSPW and reduce OSPW toxicity.

Preclinical 3D model screening reveals digoxin as an effective therapy for a rare and aggressive type of endometrial cancer.

Objective: Dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (DDEC) characterized by SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex inactivation is a highly aggressive type of endometrial cancer without effective systemic therapy options. Its uncommon nature and aggressive disease trajectory pose significant challenges for therapeutic progress. To address this obstacle, we focused on developing preclinical models tailored to this tumor type and established patient tumor-derived three-dimensional (3D) spheroid models of DDEC.

Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma Presenting as a Gastric Lesion.

Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma, an uncommon subtype of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, is characterized by an aggressive course and poor prognosis, with the only method of cure being surgical resection at the time of diagnosis. It is a complex condition, as it presents nonspecifically and remains indistinguishable from pancreatic adenocarcinoma without imaging techniques despite its aggressive nature. We report an atypical case of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma, presenting with marked anemia, found on endoscopy to have a gastric mass.

Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of cryptococcosis: an initiative of the ECMM and ISHAM in cooperation with the ASM.

Cryptococcosis is a major worldwide disseminated invasive fungal infection. Cryptococcosis, particularly in its most lethal manifestation of cryptococcal meningitis, accounts for substantial mortality and morbidity. The breadth of the clinical cryptococcosis syndromes, the different patient types at-risk and affected, and the vastly disparate resource settings where clinicians practice pose a complex array of challenges.

Branchioma: immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study of 23 cases highlighting frequent loss of retinoblastoma 1 immunoexpression.

Branchioma is an uncommon benign neoplasm with an adult male predominance, typically occurring in the lower neck region. Different names have been used for this entity in the past (ectopic hamartomatous thymoma, branchial anlage mixed tumor, thymic anlage tumor, biphenotypic branchioma), but currently, the term branchioma has been widely accepted. Branchioma is composed of endodermal and mesodermal lineage derivatives, in particular epithelial islands, spindle cells, and mature adipose tissue without preexistent thymic tissue or evidence of thymic differentiation.

Establishment and validation of preclinical models of SMARCA4-inactivated and ARID1A/ARID1B co-inactivated dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma.

Objective: Dedifferentiated endometrial cancer (DDEC) is an uncommon and clinically highly aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer characterized by genomic inactivation of SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex protein. It responds poorly to conventional systemic treatment and its rapidly progressive clinical course limits the therapeutic windows to trial additional lines of therapies. This underscores a pressing need for biologically accurate preclinical tumor models to accelerate therapeutic development.

Salivary Gland Secretory Carcinoma: Clinicopathologic and Genetic Characteristics of 215 Cases and Proposal for a Grading System.

Salivary gland secretory carcinoma (SC), previously mammary analog SC, is a low-grade malignancy characterized by well-defined morphology and an immunohistochemical and genetic profile identical to SC of the breast. Translocation t(12;15)(p13;q25) resulting in the ETV6 :: NTRK3 gene fusion is a characteristic feature of SC along with S100 protein and mammaglobin immunopositivity. The spectrum of genetic alterations for SC continues to evolve.

Incidence, susceptibility and outcomes of candidemia in adults living in Calgary, Alberta, Canada (2010-2018).

Background: Candidemia is increasing in frequency and is associated with high mortality. We sought to determine the burden of illness, the population it affects and its resistance profile in our region.

Methods: The Calgary Zone (CZ) provides all care for residents of Calgary and surrounding communities (~ 1.

Multi-year comparison of VITEK® MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing performance for the identification of rarely encountered anaerobes causing invasive human infections in a large Canadian region: can our laboratory abandon 16S rRNA gene sequencing?

Background: Our large regional laboratory routinely provides a definitive identification (ID) for 800-1,200 anaerobic bacteria per annum that cause invasive human infections. An increasing number of isolates (i.e.

Genomic Characterization of From Beef Cattle Feedlots and Associated Environmental Continuum.

Enterococci are commensal bacteria of the gastrointestinal tract of humans, animals, and insects. They are also found in soil, water, and plant ecosystems. The presence of enterococci in human, animal, and environmental settings makes these bacteria ideal candidates to study antimicrobial resistance in the One-Health continuum.

Development and evaluation of a novel fast broad-range PCR and sequencing assay (FBR-PCR/S) using dual priming oligonucleotides targeting the ITS/LSU gene regions for rapid diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases: multi-year experience in a large Canadian healthcare zone.

Background: This study evaluated the performance of a novel fast broad range PCR and sequencing (FBR-PCR/S) assay for the improved diagnosis of invasive fungal disease (IFD) in high-risk patients in a large Canadian healthcare region.

Methods: A total of 114 clinical specimens (CS) including bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) were prospectively tested from 107 patients over a 2-year period. Contrived BALs (n = 33) inoculated with known fungi pathogens were also tested to increase diversity.

Accuracy of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology: A Cyto-Histologic Correlation Study in an Integrated Canadian Health Care Region with Centralized Pathology Service.

Introduction: The reported ROM within TBSRTC categories varies widely and depends on several factors in the clinical care pathway for thyroid nodules, including sonographic risk stratification, cytology expertise, selection criteria for surgical resection, and definitions of malignancy used.

Methods: We present 5,867 consecutive thyroid FNAC and corresponding surgical pathology in the context of a comprehensive, single-payer health care system with centralized cytology and surgical pathology services for over 1.5 million inhabitants.

A longitudinal population-based study of predictors of mortality from bloodstream infections in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

To study the predictors of mortality from nine major pathogens causing approximately 70% of cases over a 7-year period. A population-based surveillance cohort of all adult and pediatric patients in the Calgary Zone with an initial episode of bloodstream infections (BSI). The 1-year mortality was 29.

The life of a laboratory requisition form: Patient compliance with clinical laboratory testing in a Canadian primary care health region.

Objective: To examine patient laboratory testing compliance by tracking time to submission of laboratory requisitions in Southern Alberta, Canada as part of a quality improvement initiative.

Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from patients from the Chinook Primary Care Network in Alberta, Canada, who received a laboratory requisition consisting of a complete blood count (CBC) test order between September 1, 2016 and August 31, 2017. To allow for all laboratory requisitions created to be submitted within one year, the study collection period was from September 1, 2016 to August 31, 2018.

Canadian ROS proto-oncogene 1 study (CROS) for multi-institutional implementation of ROS1 testing in non-small cell lung cancer.

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) gene rearrangements show dramatic response to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) crizotinib. Current best practice guidelines recommend that all advanced stage non-squamous NSCLC patients be also tested for ROS1 gene rearrangements. Several studies have suggested that ROS1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the D4D6 antibody may be used to screen for ROS1 fusion positive lung cancers, with assays showing high sensitivity but moderate to high specificity.

Detection of naphthenic acid uptake into root and shoot tissues indicates a direct role for plants in the remediation of oil sands process-affected water.

Bitumen extraction from surface-mined oil sands deposits results in the accumulation of large volumes of oil sands process-affected water (OSPW). Naphthenic acids (NAs) are primary contributors to OSPW toxicity and have been a focal point for the development of OSPW remediation strategies. Phytoremediation is an approach that utilizes plants and their associated microbes to remediate contaminants from soil and groundwater.

Factors Associated with Hyponatremia in Patients Newly Prescribed Citalopram: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: Hyponatremia is a common and under-recognized adverse drug reaction of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants. Despite its clinical importance, there are few large-scale studies on the factors associated with hyponatremia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of hyponatremia and to identify patient factors associated with hyponatremia in a large, population-based cohort initiating new prescriptions for citalopram.

The importance of Escherichia coli clonal complex 10 and ST131 among Tanzanian patients on antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs.

The objective of this study was to characterize antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of WHO priority 1 critical pathogen (extrapathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC), sequence types (STs), and ST131 clades from patients in Tanzania so as to guide specific antimicrobial therapies and preventive measures. A total of 143 ExPEC strains (128 from pregnant women with urinary tract infections and 15 from children with blood stream infections) were collected between March 2016 and October 2017. These were characterized into ST-fimH clones by a 7-single nucleotide polymorphism quantitative polymerase chain reaction (7-SNP qPCR) and gene sequencing, and to ST131 clades by multiplex PCR.