What makes knowledge translation work in practice? Lessons from a demand-driven and locally led project in Cameroon, Jordan and Nigeria.

Background: Over the years, the knowledge translation (KT) field has moved from promoting linearized models to embracing the importance of interaction and learning. Likewise, there is now increased attention on the transfer of KT approaches to new environments. Some scholars, however, have warned that ideas about transferability still hinge on linear thinking and doing.

The perception and practice of routine lingual flap retraction in lower third molar surgery among oral and maxillofacial surgeons in Nigeria.

Background: Lingual nerve injury is a known complication of mandibular third molar (M3M) surgery, and retraction of the lingual flap is reported to reduce the incidence of this complication. However, there is no global consensus on the routine retraction of lingual flap.

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the perception and practice of lingual flap retraction amongst oral and maxillofacial surgeons in Nigeria.

Cardiovascular Event Predictors in Hospitalized Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Analysis.

Introduction: This study seeks to confirm the risk factors linked to cardiovascular (CV) events in chronic kidney disease (CKD), which have been identified as CKD-related. We aim to achieve this using a larger, more diverse, and nationally representative dataset, contrasting with previous research conducted on smaller patient cohorts.

Methods:  The study utilized the nationwide inpatient sample database to identify adult hospitalizations for CKD from 2016 to 2020, employing validated ICD-10-CM/PCS codes.

Implementation of the Revised National Malaria Control Guidelines: Compliance and Challenges in Public Health Facilities in a Southern Nigerian State.

Background: There has been a concerted effort to reduce malaria burden and bring malaria related mortality to zero. The objectives of this survey were to assess the level of adherence to the current revised malaria control guidelines in the public health facilities in Cross River State of Nigeria and to identify the challenges as well as suggest ways for improvement in treatment outcomes.

Methods: This was a mixed observational and qualitative survey conducted in 32 public health facilities from 21st to 25th June 2022.

The Role of International Collaborations in Sustainable Neurosurgical Development in Nigeria.

Objective: Despite 6 decades of existence, neurosurgery is still in the developing stages in Nigeria. In this era of collaborative health system capacity-building in low- and middle-income countries, this article reviews past efforts and future prospects for collaborative neurosurgical development in Nigeria.

Methods: A bibliometric review of the Nigerian neurosurgical literature and data from a structured survey of Nigerian neurosurgeons and residents provided details of current local and international collaborations for neurosurgical research, service delivery, training, and capacity building.

The Status of Specialist Neurosurgical Training in Nigeria: A Survey of Practitioners, Trainers, and Trainees.

Objective: Despite the well-known neurosurgical workforce deficit in Sub-Saharan Africa, there remains a low number of neurosurgical training programs in Nigeria. This study sought to reassess the current status of specialist neurosurgical training in the country.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to all consultant neurosurgeons and neurosurgery residents in Nigeria.

Blood donation practices, processing and utilisation of blood components in government tertiary hospitals in Nigeria: a multicentre cooperative study.

Background: Timely access to safe blood and blood components is still a challenge in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine blood donation practices, processing and utilization of blood components across government tertiary hospitals (THs) in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in Nigeria in June-July 2020.

Complementary Feeding in Western Cape, South Africa: Identifying Suboptimal Practices and Potential Targets for Intervention.

Introduction Appropriate complementary feeding is important for the normal growth and development of children. This study aimed to describe the complementary feeding practices and identify suboptimal practices that would be possible targets for intervention to improve practices among mothers of infants aged six weeks to one year in Western Cape Province, South Africa. Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the emergency unit of the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health of Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, between May 2017 and June 2017 among 110 mothers and their infants.

A Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of N95 and Surgical Facemasks on Pregnant Women Performing Moderate-Intensity Exercise: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Background and objective A facemask is often indicated for the control of the spread of airborne pathogens. At the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, there was mass enforcement of mask use across the globe. Pregnant women were not excluded.

AMBA CUP: Ensuring Accuracy in Measurement of Volume of Water for Salt Sugar Solution or Oral Rehydration Solution Preparation in Diarrhea Management.

Diarrhea remains a major cause of under-five mortality globally. In 2016, it accounted for 8% of under-five mortality worldwide. Most of these deaths occur in developing countries.

The fellow eye of retinal detachment patients: Vision and clinical presentation.

Background: The fellow eye of a retinal detachment is at risk of developing a retinal detachment and other visually debilitating disease.

Aim: To investigate the rate of bilaterality of retinal detachment (RD), the presenting visual acuity (VA), and the presence of ocular morbidity in the fellow eye of patients with RD.

Patients And Methods: A multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study examining the fellow eye of consecutive patients who were diagnosed with different types of RD.

Impact of Obesity on Outcomes of Emergency Department Visits for Cardiac Chest Pain: Insights From a Nationwide Emergency Department Study.

Background Obesity, a widespread national epidemic that impacts one in three U.S. adults, is closely linked with the development and exacerbation of cardiovascular disease.

Childhood traumatic cataract in Nigeria; a multicentre study: 2017-2021.

Objective: To determine the frequency, demography, aetiology and mechanisms of ocular injuries associated with childhood traumatic cataract in Nigeria.

Methods: A retrospective multicentre study conducted across ten child eye health tertiary facilities in Nigeria between January 2017 and December 2021. Clinic records of all children aged 0-17 years who had been diagnosed with cataract at the various participating centres were reviewed.

Case studies of multi-disciplinary team management of atypical gastric cancer: challenges and lessons learned (about two cases).

There is a paradigm shift towards adopting a multidisciplinary team (MDT) model in the care of cancer patients, with increasing evidence to support its effectiveness. Cancers are biologically distinct, patients present in diverse ways and require, different therapeutic approaches in their management. Patient symptoms and treatment side-effects as well as physical and psychological impact vary according to cancer location and treatment plan.

The Influence of Insulin Resistance on Outcomes in Hospitalizations for Alcohol-Related Liver Disease: A Nationwide Study.

Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is known to contribute to the onset of insulin resistance (IR), which has been speculated to worsen the outcome of the disease. This study examines the impact of IR on the severity and outcomes of hospitalizations for ALD. Methods A retrospective study was performed using the combined 2016 to 2018 Nationwide Inpatient Sample.

Demographics of tonsillar hypertrophy among sickle cell disease patients in calabar.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common genetic disorder, with Africa bearing the highest burden. In this cohort study, sickle cell subjects are immunocompromised and predisposed to recurrent infections and tonsillar hypertrophy, especially in children. Subsequently, tonsillar hypertrophy leads to sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) with resulting hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and acidosis, raising the risk of HbS polymerization and, consequently, vaso-occlusive phenomena and other complications.

Low rates of optical coherence tomography utilization in the diagnosis and management of retinovascular diseases in a lower middle-income economy.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is widely used as the standard of care in evaluating macular and retinovascular diseases. However, the degree of OCT utilization is yet to be researched in a resource-limited country where wide gaps exist in access to healthcare.

Aim: To determine the rate of utilization of the OCT in diagnosis, pre-treatment, and post-treatment evaluation of macular and retinovascular diseases treated with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection (IVI).

Identification of genetic risk loci and causal insights associated with Parkinson's disease in African and African admixed populations: a genome-wide association study.

Background: An understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying diseases in ancestrally diverse populations is an important step towards development of targeted treatments. Research in African and African admixed populations can enable mapping of complex traits, because of their genetic diversity, extensive population substructure, and distinct linkage disequilibrium patterns. We aimed to do a comprehensive genome-wide assessment in African and African admixed individuals to better understand the genetic architecture of Parkinson's disease in these underserved populations.

Client satisfaction with antenatal care among clinic attendees in a tertiary health institution in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.

Antenatal care is an important entry point to the health system and provides access to essential obstetric care. Satisfaction with different aspects of antenatal care, has the potential to improve health. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of satisfaction with Antenatal care services and identify factors influencing client satisfaction among antenatal clinic attendees in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar (UCTH), Cross River State.

Measurement of ovarian reserve in infertile versus fertile women: A case control study in Edo State, Nigeria.

The reproductive potential in a woman is age related. Nevertheless, the female reproductive system undergoes ovarian follicular development, resulting in ovulation of matured ovum for fertilization. Consequently, female reproductive aging parallels the depletion of the store of follicles until menopause is attained.

Prevalence of abnormal umbilical arterial Doppler indices in apparently normal pregnancies in Calabar.

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may occur in the presence of normal fetal growth parameters, with resultant unanticipated perinatal morbidity and mortality. Umbilical arterial Doppler evaluation determines the fetuses susceptible to compromise by detecting IUGR early enough for successful intervention measures to be implemented. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of abnormal umbilical arterial Doppler indices (UADI) in apparently normal pregnancies and to assess its correlation with amniotic fluid index (AFI).

Assessment of the willingness of Nigerian Orthodontists to offer face-to-face orthodontic services to patients infected with Covid-19.

Introduction: Efforts to contain the spread of the COVID-19 disease led to suspension of many services which caused orthodontists to resort to providing only emergency services. The aims of this study were to assess the willingness of Nigerian Orthodontists and Orthodontic resident doctors to treat patients infected with Covid-19 as well as to ascertain advice given regarding traumatic arch wires and aligners during the pandemic.

Participants And Study Design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Effectiveness of Combined Preoperative Sublingual Misoprostol and Intravenous Tranexamic Acid on Intraoperative Blood Loss During Elective Caesarean Section: A Randomised, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of preoperative administration of sublingual misoprostol and intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) on intraoperative blood loss during elective caesarean sections.

Methods: This was a double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled study involving 116 women scheduled for elective caesarean sections. The treatment arm, group 1 (n=58), received 1000 mg of intravenous tranexamic acid 10-15 minutes before skin incision and 600 mcg of sublingual misoprostol after sub-arachnoid anaesthesia and before skin incision.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Triplex Infections (Combined Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus) among Pregnant Women in Nigeria.

Objective: We systematically identified the prevalence of triplex infections (combined human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV)) in pregnancy.

Methods: To gather information on the frequency of triplex infections, we searched the databases of PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Without regard to language, we utilized search terms that covered HIV, HBV, HCV, and pregnancy.