Holy grail or convenient excuse? Stakeholder perspectives on the role of health system strengthening evaluation in global health resource allocation.

Background: The role of evaluation evidence in guiding health systems strengthening (HSS) investments at the global-level remains contested. A lack of rigorous impact evaluations is viewed by some as an obstacle to scaling resources. However, others suggest that power dynamics and knowledge hierarchies continue to shape perceptions of rigor and acceptability in HSS evaluations.

Developing a streamlined risk-adjusted cesarean section rate model for evaluation of obstetrical quality across hospitals by using EHRs: A provincial-scale multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: This study aims to explore a streamlined risk-adjusted cesarean section rate (RCSR) model and to compare its practical application effects with the traditional RCSR models.

Methods: Utilizing obstetric electronic health record (EHR) data from provincial multicenter hospitals, this study establishes a streamlined RCSR model alongside the traditional RCSR model and evaluates the efficacy of both models. Subsequently, the RCSRs of 56 hospitals within the province are calculated and ranked using both models.

Emerging lessons from experiences at transitions in care among hospitalised patients with cancer with postdischarge frequent emergency department use: a qualitative study using linked clinical and patient-reported interview data from Quebec, Canada.

Background: While teamwork is essential to providing high-quality patient-centred care, challenges in interprofessional collaboration and decision-making in hospital settings are common, especially for patients with cancer. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify emerging themes and potential challenges related to hospital discharge experiences among patients hospitalised for cancer who became frequent emergency department (ED) users postdischarge.

Methods: A cohort of patients with cancer discharged from an academic health centre in Montreal (Canada) between October 2014 and November 2016 was assembled.

Antiphospholipid syndrome, monoclonal gammopathy, and cryoglobulinemia overlap leading to recurrent cutaneous microvascular thrombosis: A case report and retrospective cohort study.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), cryoglobulinemia, and monoclonal gammopathies are variably accompanied by thrombotic complications. We describe a patient with recurrent skin microvascular thrombosis, APS, cryoglobulinemia, marginal zone lymphoma, and IgMκ monoclonal gammopathy, responsive to chemoimmunotherapy. The cryoglobulin fraction contained the IgMκ paraprotein, while antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) were predominantly in the cryosupernatant.

Hidden gems: Scattered knowledge hampered freshwater jellyfish research over the past one-and-a-half centuries.

Freshwater jellyfish (= limnic medusa-budding hydrozoans, FWJ) are a small group of cnidarians found on all continents except Antarctica in temperate to tropical latitudes. Members of this group belong primarily to three genera: , , and . While and are typically restricted to the islands of Japan, Africa, and the Indian subcontinent, one species or potential species complex, , became globally invasive.

Weak Local Adaptation to Climate in Seedlings of a Deciduous Conifer Suggests Limited Benefits and Risks of Assisted Gene Flow.

Assisted migration provides a potential solution to mitigate the increasing risks of forest maladaptation under climate change. Western larch ( Nutt.) is a deciduous conifer species undergoing assisted migration beyond its natural range in British Columbia into areas that have become suitable based on climatic niche modelling.

Sex-related differences in pulmonary vascular volume distribution.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension affects females more frequently than males, and there are known sex-related differences in the lungs. However, normal sex-related differences in pulmonary vascular structure remain incompletely described. We aimed to contrast computed tomography-derived pulmonary vascular volume and its distribution within the lungs of healthy adult females and males.

Association Between Oral Anticoagulant Adherence and Serious Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Long-Term Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Patients with atrial fibrillation are frequently nonadherent to oral anticoagulants (OACs) prescribed for stroke and systemic embolism (SSE) prevention. We quantified the relationship between OAC adherence and atrial fibrillation clinical outcomes using methods not previously applied to this problem.

Methods And Results: Retrospective observational cohort study of incident cases of atrial fibrillation from population-based administrative data over 23 years.

 species (Glomerellales, Glomerellaceae) causing walnut anthracnose in China.

species can function as plant pathogens, saprobes or endophytes on a wide variety of plant hosts and are considered amongst the ten most significant genera of plant pathogens globally. China contributes almost half the walnut production in the world. However, species occurring on walnut remain largely unresolved in China.

Endocan as a biomarker for acute respiratory distress syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Endocan is a marker of endothelial damage. Data regarding the association of this proteoglycan and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is discrepant. Hence, this study sought to investigate the possible correlation between serum/plasma endocan concentration and ARDS.

Local anaesthesia for pain control in surgical abortion before 14 weeks of pregnancy: a systematic review.

Background: Abortions are common and associated with procedural pain. We aimed to evaluate benefits and harms of local anaesthesia given for pain control during surgical abortion at less than 14 weeks' gestation.

Methods: We searched a systematic review on local anaesthesia for pain control for surgical abortion at less than 14 weeks' gestation using uterine aspiration.

IOC consensus statement on elite youth athletes competing at the Olympic Games: essentials to a healthy, safe and sustainable paradigm.

With the pronounced ongoing growth of global youth sports, opportunities for and participation of youth athletes on the world sports stage, including the Olympic Games, are expected to escalate. Yet, adolescence is a vulnerable period of development and inherently dynamic, with non-linear and asynchronous progression of physical, physiological, psychological and social attributes. These non-concurrent changes within and between individuals are accompanied by irregular and unpredictable threats and impediments.

Searching and reporting in Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews: A systematic assessment of current methods.

The search methods used in systematic reviews provide the foundation for establishing the body of literature from which conclusions are drawn and recommendations made. Searches should aim to be comprehensive and reporting of search methods should be transparent and reproducible. Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews strive to adhere to the best methodological guidance available for this type of searching.

"Losing access to outdoor spaces was the biggest challenge for children to be healthy": pandemic restrictions and community supports for children's movement in Nova Scotia.

Introduction: Health-focused communities can promote physical activity for children by providing them with safe and supportive environments to move. Across the COVID-19 pandemic many community spaces and services were closed due to public health restrictions. During the pandemic, Atlantic Canada uniquely implemented an agreement between four provinces to restrict travel and reduce the spread of the virus.

Triplet dynamics reveal loss pathways in multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters.

Multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials are of interest for light-emitting applications due to their narrow emission bandwidths and high photoluminescence quantum yields. Whilst there have been numerous examples of multi-resonance molecules exhibiting efficient TADF, the photophysics and mechanism of TADF in multi-resonance emitters have not been investigated to the same extent as the more conventional spatially separated donor-acceptor TADF materials, limiting the development of MR-TADF devices. Here we study the photophysics of a multi-resonance TADF material, OQAO(mes), using transient absorption spectroscopy to spectrally resolve the triplet population(s).

Practical social media recommendations for dementia prevention researchers.

Introduction: Practical social media recommendations are needed to facilitate greater engagement in dementia prevention research. Alongside relevant experts, our aim was to develop a set of consensus recommendations that reflect the values and priorities of prospective participants to guide social media use.

Methods: We conducted a three-round, modified Delphi consisting of three online surveys and three conferences calls.

The Difference Between Throwing and Practice Volumes in Youth Softball Athletes With and Without Upper Extremity Pain.

Background: Research indicates that mechanics differ between athletes with and without upper extremity pain; however, it is unclear which modifiable risk factors exist for throwing-related pain in softball athletes.

Purpose: To determine whether sport specialization, throwing, practice, and strength and conditioning training volumes vary between youth softball athletes with and without upper extremity pain. It was hypothesized that youth softball athletes with upper extremity pain would participate in softball year-round and have greater throwing, practice, and strength and conditioning volumes compared with those without pain.

Enhancing the stretchability of two-dimensional materials through kirigami: a molecular dynamics study on tungsten disulfide.

In recent years, the 'kirigami' technique has gained significant attention for creating meta-structures and meta-materials with exceptional characteristics, such as unprecedented stretchability. These properties, not typically inherent in the original materials or structures, present new opportunities for applications in stretchable and wearable electronics. However, despite its scientific and practical significance, the application of kirigami patterning on a monolayer of tungsten disulfide (WS), an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material with exceptional mechanical, electronic, and optical properties, has remained unexplored.