The Prevalence of Physical Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: A Systematic Review With Implications for Probable Violence-Caused Brain Injury Among Child Bearers.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) persists as a cause of short-term, long-term, and chronic health consequences. The elevated risk of IPV during pregnancy and the postpartum period (P-IPV) is commonly attributed to increased demands for child bearers and intimate partners. P-IPV may impact the health of the child bearer, developing fetus, and post-birth child.

Positioning and preparation errors impacting dental panoramic radiographs in patients with mixed dentition.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of clinically indicated digital dental panoramic radiographs (DPRs) of children with mixed dentition. Despite the likely widespread use of this modality, recent research detailing errors on DPRs is scarce.

Materials And Methods: A consecutive case series was performed, including 178 DPRs from patients aged 6 to 12 years.

Apolipoprotein E dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: a study on miRNA regulation, glial markers, and amyloid pathology.

Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays a crucial role in lipid homeostasis, predominantly expressed in astrocytes and to a lesser extent in microglia within the central nervous system (CNS). While the allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), its precise role in AD pathogenesis remains elusive. -knockout (-ko) mice, mice expressing human , and human carriers exhibit similar deficits in lipid metabolism, cognitive and behavioral functions, and neurodegeneration.

An Estimate of Wolverine Density for the Canadian Province of Alberta.

Wolverines () are a circumboreal species that has experienced substantial range reduction worldwide. In Canada, the wolverine has been extirpated entirely from the east, and from prairie regions in the west. The province of Alberta holds the south-central portion of wolverines' Canadian range, and there they have been designated as since 2001 due to a historical lack of information.

The fungal gut microbiota in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.

Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome may play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the majority of the studies have focused on gut bacterial communities; none have examined the fungal microbiota (mycobiota) in persons with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS). We examined the gut mycobiota in persons with and without POMS through a cross-sectional examination of the gut mycobiota from 46 participants' stool samples (three groups: 18 POMS, 13 acquired monophasic demyelinating syndromes [monoADS], and 15 unaffected controls).

Measurement of optical density of microbes by multi-light path transmission method.

Optical density (OD) is an important indicator of microbial density, and a commonly used variable in growth curves to express the growth of microbial culture. However, OD values show a linear relationship with bacterial concentration only at low concentrations. When the cell density is high, the relationship loses linearity, and serial dilution is needed to obtain readings of better accuracy.

A retrospective, observational study of real-world clinical data from the Cognitive Function Development Therapy program.

Introduction: Cognitive deficits are common in psychiatric and mental health disorders, making the assessment of cognitive function in mental health treatment an important area of research. Cognitive Function Development Therapy (CFDT) is a novel therapeutic modality designed to enhance cognitive function and regulate the autonomic nervous system through targeted exercises and activities focused on attention networks and memory systems. The therapy is tracked and based on Primary Cognitive Function (PCF) scores.

An assessment of cord ferritin concentration and its predictors among a cohort of Canadian preterm and term infants.

Low iron stores at birth may adversely influence child cognitive and motor development. The aims of this study were to assess cord blood iron levels and explore maternal and neonatal factors associated with iron status. Cord blood specimens (=46) were obtained from the BC Children's Hospital BioBank in Vancouver, Canada.

Mentorship in Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery: A Scoping Review.

Importance: Mentorship is increasingly recognized as a critical part of training across the spectrum of trainees. While explored more in-depth in the literature of other medical specialties, mentorship remains a nascent topic in the Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) literature.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the current literature on mentorship in OHNS.

Magnetospheric origin of a fast radio burst constrained using scintillation.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are microsecond-to-millisecond-duration radio transients that originate mostly from extragalactic distances. The FRB emission mechanism remains debated, with two main competing classes of models: physical processes that occur within close proximity to a central engine; and relativistic shocks that propagate out to large radial distances. The expected emission-region sizes are notably different between these two types of models.

A pulsar-like polarization angle swing from a nearby fast radio burst.

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) last for milliseconds and arrive at Earth from cosmological distances. Although their origins and emission mechanisms are unknown, their signals bear similarities with the much less luminous radio emission generated by pulsars within our Miky Way Galaxy, with properties suggesting neutron star origins. However, unlike pulsars, FRBs typically show minimal variability in their linear polarization position angle (PA) curves.

Pediatric Endocrinology Education Among Trainees: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: Pediatric endocrinology education is a fundamental part of all pediatric endocrinology training. Hence, understanding the current methods used for training learners on skills required and understanding methods or topics that may be underexplored could help improve the quality of training.

Objective: This study aims to explore training and assessment strategies used in pediatric endocrinology training across medical education programs through a scoping review.

Bringing the Patient Voice into Workplace-Based Assessment of Pharmacy Learners: An Interpretive Description Study.

Objectives: This study sought to explore how patients view their involvement in pharmacy learner assessment by comparing and contrasting patients' and pharmacy learners' perspectives on learner skills patients are capable of providing feedback on.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study informed by interpretive description methodology and situated in a pharmacist-led clinic that serves as a teaching site for pharmacy learners. We interviewed ten patients who were cared for by a pharmacy learner and ten pharmacy learners who were completing clerkship training.

Incidence, Characteristics and Prognostic Significance of Early Recurrences Following Different Ablation Approaches for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Early recurrence of atrial tachyarrhythmia (ERAT) is common following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). The specific clinical and arrhythmia characteristics of ERAT influencing late recurrence risk in persistent AF is unclear. Additionally, the impact of different ablation strategies on the incidence and prognostic significance of ERAT remains unknown.

Intraosseous and intravenous vascular access during adult cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To summarise evidence on the clinical effectiveness of initial vascular attempts via the intraosseous route compared to the intravenous route in adult cardiac arrest.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE and Embase (OVID platform), the Cochrane library, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from inception to September 4 2024 for randomised clinical trials comparing the intraosseous route with the intravenous route in adult cardiac arrest. Our primary outcome was 30-day survival.

Changes in optimism and subsequent health and wellbeing outcomes in older adults: an outcome-wide analysis.

Objectives: This study examined whether changes in optimism in older adulthood are associated with subsequent health and wellbeing outcomes.

Method: Longitudinal data are from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of U.S.

Localized provoked vulvodynia as an immune-mediated inflammatory disease: rationale for a new line of research.

Localized provoked vulvodynia (LPV), also called vulvar vestibulitis or provoked vestibulodynia, is a major cause of dyspareunia that severely impacts sexual health. At the tissue level, lymphocytic inflammation and hyperinnervation are characteristic pathological features, explaining the main symptoms and signs. A recent experimental animal study suggests that the histopathological findings of LPV may be due to mucosal CD4 Th17 immune responses to microbial antigens.

Barriers and Willingness to Undertake Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Reported by Medical Students Dependent on Their Place of Residence-A Single-Center Study.

Background: Bystander-administered cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is crucial for the survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. However, only roughly 58% of bystanders would provide CPR, with wide variations across different regions. Identifying each factor affecting the barrier or readiness to perform resuscitation is a significant challenge for researchers.

Blue light-induced phototoxicity in retinal cells: implications in age-related macular degeneration.

Sunlight exposure is recognized as a risk factor for the development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a common neurodegenerative retinal disease in the elderly. Specifically, the blue light wavelengths within sunlight can negatively impact the physiology of light-sensitive retinal cells, including retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. This review explores blue light-induced retinal degeneration, emphasizing the structural and functional impairments in RPE.

Alphaviral genetic background of self-amplifying RNA enhances protein expression and immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 antigen.

Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) vectors are a next-generation RNA technology that extends the expression of heterologous genes. Clinical trials have shown the dose-sparing capacity of saRNA vectors in a vaccine context compared to conventional messenger RNA. However, saRNA vectors have historically been based on a limited number of alphaviruses, and only the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based saRNA vaccines have been used clinically.

From Moral Distress to Moral Integrity: Qualitative Evaluation of a New Moral Conflict Assessment Tool.

Background: Moral distress affects the well-being of health care professionals and can lead to burnout and attrition. Assessing moral distress and taking action based on this assessment are important. A new moral conflict assessment (MCA) designed to prompt action was developed and tested.

Surviving the 2021 heat dome with schizophrenia: A qualitative, interview-based unpacking of risks and vulnerabilities.

This study explores the multifaceted challenges experienced by individuals with schizophrenia during extreme heat, highlighting the interplay between individual factors, social dynamics, and environmental influences. Despite making up only 1% of the Canadian population, individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia comprised 16% (n = 97) of the deaths during the 2021 heat dome in Western Canada. However, to date, there exists scant qualitative research that explore the direct experiences and the intricacies of intersecting factors faced by individuals with schizophrenia during extreme heat events.