Improving access to services in neuro-developmental disability: proceedings of a national meeting to advance community capacity.

As part of a participatory project to advance navigational service delivery systems for children with neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) and their families, this paper addresses proceedings from a capacity-building conference in Vancouver, Canada. A total of 29 invited key stakeholders attended the meeting with the following aims: knowledge sharing amongst provincial/territorial regions advancing NDD navigation capacity; sustainable action-oriented knowledge exchange; and operationalizing next steps to build navigation resources across Canadian regions. Regional representation included multiple and inter-sectoral partners (e.

Understanding the experiences of young, urban, Indigenous mothers-to-be in British Columbia, Canada.

Background: Indigenous Peoples comprise the youngest and fastest growing demographic in Canada, with many living in urban-suburban areas. Given higher fertility rates, younger overall ages and higher adolescent pregnancy rates, perinatal research is needed-to inform policymaking and programming throughout pregnancy and childhood. Yet such data remain scarce in British Columbia (BC), Canada.

Extracellular ATP regulates phagocytic activity, mitochondrial respiration, and cytokine secretion of human astrocytic cells.

The two main glial cell types of the central nervous system (CNS), astrocytes and microglia, are responsible for neuroimmune homeostasis. Recent evidence indicates astrocytes can participate in removal of pathological structures by becoming phagocytic under conditions of neurodegenerative disease when microglia, the professional phagocytes, are impaired. We hypothesized that adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which acts as damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), when released at high concentrations into extracellular space, upregulates phagocytic activity of human astrocytes.

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries.

Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists.

Role of IPF genetic risk loci in post-COVID-19 lung abnormalities: a cohort study.

Introduction: Persistent lung abnormalities following COVID-19 infection are common. Similar parenchymal changes are observed in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We investigated whether common genetic risk factors in IPF are associated with developing lung parenchymal abnormalities following severe COVID-19 disease.

Exploring the Needs and Preferences of Users and Parents to Design a Mobile App to Deliver Mental Health Peer Support to Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Qualitative Study.

Background: Beyond physical health, managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) also encompasses a psychological component, including diabetes distress, that is, the worries, fears, and frustrations associated with meeting self-care demands over the lifetime. While digital health solutions have been increasingly used to address emotional health in diabetes, these technologies may not uniformly meet the unique concerns and technological savvy across all age groups.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the mental health needs of adolescents with T1D, determine their preferred modalities for app-based mental health support, and identify desirable design features for peer-delivered mental health support modeled on an app designed for adults with T1D.

Crossing the streams: Improving data quality and integration across the One Health genomics continuum with data standards and implementation strategies.

The Canadian Genomics Research and Development Initiative for Antimicrobial Resistance (GRDI-AMR) uses a genomics-based approach to understand how health care, food production and the environment contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Integrating genomics contextual data streams across the One Health continuum is challenging because of the diversity in data scope, content and structure. To better enable data harmonization for analyses, a contextual data standard was developed.

Approaches to Incorporation of Preferences into Health Economic Models of Genomic Medicine: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis and Conceptual Framework.

Introduction: Genomic medicine has features that make it preference sensitive and amenable to model-based health economic evaluation. Preferences of patients, caregivers, and clinicians related to the uptake and delivery of genomic medicine technologies and services that are not captured in health state utility weights can affect the intervention's cost-effectiveness and budget impact. However, there is currently no established or agreed-on approach for integrating preference information into economic evaluations.

Loneliness During Adolescence and Subsequent Health and Well-Being in Adulthood: An Outcome-Wide Longitudinal Approach.

Purpose: Intergovernmental organizations, such as the World Health Organization, policymakers, scientists, and the public alike are recognizing the importance of loneliness for health/well-being outcomes. However, it remains unclear if loneliness in adolescence shapes health/well-being in adulthood. We examined if increase in loneliness during adolescence was associated with worse health/well-being in adulthood, across 41 outcomes.

Predictors of pelvic acceleration during treadmill running across various stride frequency conditions.

Pelvic running injuries often require extensive rehabilitation and pelvic girdle pain is a barrier to running engagement in population sub-groups, such as perinatal women. However, exploration into how external pelvic loading may be altered during running is limited. This study assessed which biomechanical variables influence changes in external peak pelvic acceleration during treadmill running, across various stride frequency conditions.

Impacts of Weather Anomalies and Climate on Plant Disease.

Predicting the effects of climate change on plant disease is critical for protecting ecosystems and food production. Here, we show how disease pressure responds to short-term weather, historical climate and weather anomalies by compiling a global database (4339 plant-disease populations) of disease prevalence in both agricultural and wild plant systems. We hypothesised that weather and climate would play a larger role in disease in wild versus agricultural plant populations, which the results supported.

Advances and Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis Mass Spectrometry in Food Analysis: Strategies for Online and Offline Preconcentration.

Advancements in food technology have increased the need for thorough analysis to ensure food safety, quality, and compliance with regulatory requirements. Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) has emerged as a powerful tool in food analysis due to its high separation efficiency, low sample consumption, and ability to handle complex matrices. However, challenges such as the use of volatile running buffers and maintaining the stability of the electrical circuit connecting the CE and MS systems have been addressed through advancements in interface designs, such as sheathless systems and optimized sheath-liquid compositions.

Survival of radioiodine treated hyperthyroid cats that are euthyroid and hypothyroid after treatment, and effect of levothyroxine supplementation on survival time of cats with iatrogenic hypothyroidism.

Background: Hyperthyroid cats that are azotemic and hypothyroid after surgical or medical treatment have poor outcomes, and supplementation with levothyroxine (LT4) improves survival. However, the effect of LT4 supplementation on survival of nonazotemic, hypothyroid radioiodine (RI)-treated hyperthyroid cats is unknown.

Hypothesis: Radioiodine treated hyperthyroid cats with iatrogenic hypothyroidism or azotemia have shorter survival times than euthyroid, nonazotemic cats and supplementation of LT4 improves survival times of hypothyroid cats.

Geometric Study and Clinical Case Series for Mandible Reconstruction With a Single-Piece Scapular Free Flap.

Background: Virtual surgical planning (VSP) with simple cutting templates could help surgeons preoperatively plan scapula reconstructions in the vertical and horizontal orientations.

Methods: Virtually, eight defects were created in ten healthy mandibles and reconstructed with the subject-specific scapula vertically and horizontally. In the clinical series, 15 single-piece scapula mandible reconstructions planned with in-house VSP and guided with simple templates were compared with 15 freehand reconstructions.

Spatial datasets of CMIP6 climate change projections for Canada and the United States.

Geospatial climate change projections are critical for assessing climate change impacts and adaptations across a wide range of disciplines. Here we present monthly-based grids of climate change projections at a 2-km resolution covering Canada and the United States. These data products are based on outputs from the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) and include projections for 13 General Circulation Models (GCMs), three Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP1 2.

Within-host genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 across animal species.

Infectious disease transmission to different host species makes eradication very challenging and expands the diversity of evolutionary trajectories taken by the pathogen. Since the beginning of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has been transmitted from humans to many different animal species, in which viral variants of concern could potentially evolve. Previously, using available whole genome consensus sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from four commonly sampled animals (mink, deer, cat, and dog), we inferred similar numbers of transmission events from humans to each animal species.

Mechanism study on the enhancement of bile acid-binding capacity in corn by-product juice via HY127 fermentation.

Hyperlipidemia is a common endocrine metabolic disease in humans. Long-term medications often have adverse effects, making the search for safer and more effective treatments crucial. This study aimed to explore the impacts and mechanisms of HY127 fermentation on enhancing bile acid-binding capacity (BABC).

Improving the Stability of Gas Diffusion Electrodes for CO Electroreduction to Formate with Sn and In-Based Catalysts at 500 mA cm: Effect of Electrode Design and Operation Mode.

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) using renewable electricity sources could provide a sustainable solution for generating valuable chemicals, such as formate salt or formic acid. However, an efficient, stable, and scalable electrode generating formate at industrially viable current densities (>100 mA cm) is yet to be developed. Sn or In-based catalysts in gas diffusion electrodes (GDE) can efficiently produce formate.

A Bayesian joint bent-cable model for longitudinal measurements and survival time with heterogeneous random-effects distributions.

Biomarkers are measured repeatedly in clinical studies until a pre-defined endpoint, such as death from certain causes, is reached. Such repeated measurements may present a dynamic process for understanding when to expect the study's endpoint. Joint modelling is often employed to handle such a model.

KIF9 Ameliorates Neuropathology and Cognitive Dysfunction by Promoting Macroautophagy in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder affecting the elderly. The imbalance of protein production and degradation processes leads to the accumulation of misfolded and abnormally aggregated amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the extracellular space and forms senile plaques, which constitute one of the most critical pathological hallmarks of AD. KIF9, a member of the kinesin protein superfamily, mediates the anterograde transport of intracellular cargo along microtubules.

Periprocedural Skincare for Nonenergy and Nonablative Energy-Based Aesthetic Procedures in Patients With Skin of Color.

Background: Anti-aging facial procedures with nonenergy and nonablative energy devices are increasingly popular among patients with skin of color (SOC). Algorithms have addressed the measures to reduce the side effects related to aesthetic procedures, but few focus on SOC patients and periprocedural integrating skincare.

Methods: Eight dermatologists from Brazil, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, and the USA participated in a meeting and an online follow-up to develop an algorithm for periprocedural skincare for nonenergy and nonablative energy-based facial aesthetic procedures in patients with SOC.

Optokinetic After-Nystagmus: A Marker for Migraine? A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Vestibular migraine (VM), particularly its chronic variant, poses a diagnostic challenge. Patients suffering from VM may not have the characteristic headaches associated with the dizziness. In these cases, a marker for migraine pathology in general could help appropriately diagnose certain types of dizziness as migrainous despite these patients not meeting current diagnostic criteria for VM.

Red blood cell urate levels are linked to hemolysis in vitro and post-transfusion as a function of donor sex, population and genetic polymorphisms in SLC2A9 and ABCG2.

Background: Storage of packed red blood cells (RBCs) for transfusion leads to biochemical and morphological changes, increasing hemolysis risk. Urate levels in blood bags at donation contribute to the molecular heterogeneity and hemolytic propensity of stored RBCs. However, studies to date have been underpowered to investigate at scale the contribution of donor demographics and genetics to the heterogeneity in urate levels across donations.

Quantifying intratumoral biomarker heterogeneity in tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma to optimize clinical translation.

Intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is spatial, phenotypic, or molecular differences within the same tumor that have important implications for accurate tumor classification and assessment of predictive biomarkers. The Canadian Ovarian Experimental Unified Resource (COEUR) has created a cohort of 437 FFPE tissue specimens from 108 tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) patients to quantify ITH across the anatomical sites and between primary and recurrence. We quantified the ITH of six clinically used immunohistochemical diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers (WT1, p53, p16, PR, CD8, and Ki67).