A dihydrochalcone-specific O-methyltransferase from leaf buds of Populus trichocarpa implicated in bud resin formation.

Production of secreted leaf bud resin is a mechanism for temperate trees to protect dormant leaf buds against frost damage, dehydration, and insect herbivory. Bud resins contain a wide variety of special metabolites including terpenoids, benzenoids, and phenolics. The leaf bud resins of Populus trichocarpa and P.

Tracking Physical Activity and Nutrition Policies and Practices in Early Childhood Education and Care: Five Years Post-Implementation of a Provincial-Level Active Play Standard.

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings are key for improving health behaviors, including physical activity (PA) and nutrition. In 2017, the province of British Columbia (BC) implemented a provincial-level Active Play policy supported by a capacity-building intervention. Significant improvements in all PA policies and practices and the majority of nutrition policies were observed post-implementation.

Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for complex isolates from people with and without cystic fibrosis.

The complex (BCC) is a group of Gram-negative bacteria that cause opportunistic infections, most notably in people with cystic fibrosis (CF), and have been associated with outbreaks caused by contaminated medical products. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is often used to guide treatment for BCC infections, perhaps most importantly in people with CF who are being considered for lung transplant. However, recent studies have highlighted problems with AST methods.

Canadian Men's Intimate Partner Relationship Break-Ups During COVID-19: Implications for Mental Health Promotion.

COVID-19 impacted many men's intimate partner relationships, with distressed and disrupted partnerships consistently featured in commentaries with linkages to mental health challenges. The current study draws from interviews with 23 Canadian-based men, 19-50 years old, who experienced a break-up during COVID-19. Addressing the research question, "What are the connections between masculinities, men's mental health, and intimate partner relationship break-ups during COVID-19?", three thematic findings were derived: (1) Virtually Together and Growing Apart, (2) Mentally Trapped, and Failing Fast and Slow, and (3) Introspections and Moving On.

Distribution and role of peripheral arterial chemoreceptors in cardio-respiratory control of the south american rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus).

Peripheral arterial chemoreceptors monitor the levels of arterial blood gases and adjust ventilation and perfusion to meet metabolic demands. These chemoreceptors are present in all vertebrates studied to date but have not been described fully in reptiles other than turtles. The goals of this study were to 1) identify functional chemosensory areas in the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus) 2) determine the neurochemical content of putative chemosensory cells in these areas and 3) determine the role each area plays in ventilatory and cardiovascular control.

Synthesis of a Transient Cationic Phosphaborene and its Trapping by Facile Aliphatic C-H Bond Activation.

The synthesis of a transient cationic phosphaborene [(Mes*)P=B(CAAC)]+ (Mes* = 2,4,6,-trit-tert-butylphenyl, CAAC = cyclic alkylamino carbene) by halide abstraction from the B-brominated analogue is reported. This species was found to undergo rapid and selective intramolecular aliphatic C-H bond activation to yield a phosphinoborenium cation, which undergoes facile deprotonation to give a cyclic base-stabilized phosphaborene. Computational investigation of the mechanism of C-H activation indicates a boron-centred activation route with an exceptionally low barrier of 8 kJ mol-1, followed by a nearly barrierless hydride migration from boron to phosphorus.

Correlation Between Gender of Department Chairs and Paid Parental Leave Benefits in Academic Dermatology Residency Programs.

Background: Although the number of women entering dermatology residency programs is increasing, they still encounter numerous challenges and disparities, including limited career opportunities and difficulties in balancing family planning with their professional lives. Parental leave policies have been recognized for their positive impact on maternal, fetal, and familial well-being, career satisfaction, and gender equality. However, negative perceptions and a lack of awareness surrounding these policies may discourage female residents from taking parental leave during training.

Corrigendum: Enhancing enzyme-mediated cellulose hydrolysis by incorporating acid groups onto the lignin during biomass pretreatment.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.

Do you have depression? A summative content analysis of mental health-related content on TikTok.

Background: TikTok is a global social media platform with over 1 billion active users. Presently, there are few data on how TikTok users navigate the platform for mental health purposes and the content they view.

Objective: This study aims to understand the patterns of mental health-related content on TikTok and assesses the accuracy and quality of the advice and information provided.

Initial clinical experience with [Lu]Lu-PNT2002 radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: dosimetry, safety, and efficacy from the lead-in cohort of the SPLASH trial.

Introduction: SPLASH (NCT04647526) is a multicenter phase III trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of [Lu]Lu-PNT2002 radioligand therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). This study leveraged a lead-in phase to assess tissue dosimetry and evaluate preliminary safety and efficacy, prior to expansion into a randomized phase. Here we report those results.

Students perspectives on the development and deployment of an AI-enabled service robot in long-term care.

The need for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in gerontology education is underscored by the potential benefits it offers in addressing loneliness and supporting social connection among older adults in long-term care (LTC) homes. While the workforce in LTC is often overburdened, AI-enabled service robots present possible solutions to enhance residents' quality of life. However, the incorporation of AI and service robots in current gerontology curricula is lacking, and the views of students on this subject remain largely unexamined.

Relationship between muscle power, muscle volume and limb length in healthy male and female adolescents.

Objective: Muscle power is essential for the activities of daily living. Muscle power production depends on numerous factors such as muscle size and length, muscle architecture and fiber type and varies with age during growth. The association between muscle power output during a jump and lower limb muscle volume and length in adolescents is largely unknown.

Perspective on strategies for matching across age and sex in physiology research: "recreationally active" is not good enough.

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness are powerful confounders in age and sex-related comparisons. This paper provides a perspective on the benefits and limitations of matching participants by physical activity behaviour, objectively measured fitness and normative fitness percentiles. Data presented herein are a subset of a larger study, and highlight that matching by physical activity, does not necessarily match on other metrics like physical fitness, especially when age-related comparisons are being made.

Distribution and determinants of the utilization of senior residential care homes in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: With the accelerated increase in the population of seniors aged 60 years or older in Saudi Arabia, understanding the utilization of senior residential care homes is crucial for improving service delivery and policy planning to meet the care transformation objectives of Vision 2030.

Objective: To assess the distribution and determinants of senior residential care home utilization across Saudi Arabia's 13 administrative regions, focusing on predictors of functional dependency among different socio-demographic groups.

Methods: This study analyzed data from 283 Saudi individuals aged ≥65 admitted to social residential care homes in 2021.

Estimated Factor Scores Are Not True Factor Scores.

In this tutorial, we clarify the distinction between estimated factor scores, which are weighted composites of observed variables, and true factor scores, which are unobservable values of the underlying latent variable. Using an analogy with linear regression, we show how predicted values in linear regression share the properties of the most common type of factor score estimates, regression factor scores, computed from single-indicator and multiple indicator latent variable models. Using simulated data from 1- and 2-factor models, we also show how the amount of measurement error affects the reliability of regression factor scores, and compare the performance of regression factor scores with that of unweighted sum scores.

Vitronectin regulates lung tissue remodeling and emphysema in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Vitronectin (VTN) is an important extracellular matrix protein in tissue remodeling, but its role in COPD is unknown. We show that VTN regulates tissue remodeling through urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) signaling pathway in COPD. In human COPD airways and bronchoepithelial cells and the airways of mice with cigarette smoke (CS)-induced experimental COPD, VTN protein was not changed, but downstream uPA signaling was altered (increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, uPAR) that induced collagen and airway remodeling.

Investigating How All-Trans Retinoic Acid Polycaprolactone (atRA-PCL) Microparticles Alter the Material Properties of 3D Printed Fibrin Constructs.

The 3D printing of human tissue constructs requires carefully designed bioinks to support the growth and function of cells. Here it is shown that an additional parameter is how drug-releasing microparticles affect the material properties of the scaffold. A microfluidic platform is used to create all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles with a high encapsulation efficiency (85.

Adolescents Constructing Their Imagined Futures Through Dialogues With and/or About Nonfamilial Adults.

Introduction: Adolescents actively explore future imaginings as they prepare for major educational, work, and personal transitions. Although family members may support exploration of imagined futures, adults outside adolescents' kin network provide access to resources not supplied within the family. The purpose of this study was to understand how adolescents actively draw on social resources of nonfamilial adults relative to their imagined futures.

Do individuals with inflammatory arthritis receive minimally adequate treatment for incident depression and anxiety: A population-based study.

Objectives: Describe patterns of pharmacotherapy and psychological treatment and evaluate receipt of minimally adequate treatment for incident depression and anxiety in individuals with inflammatory arthritis (IA).

Methods: We used population-based linked administrative health databases from British Columbia, Canada to evaluate pharmacotherapy and psychological treatments for incident depression and/or anxiety among individuals with IA and without IA ('IA-free controls'). We defined minimally adequate pharmacotherapy as antidepressant prescriptions filled with ≥ 84 days' supply and adequate psychological treatment as ≥ 4 counselling/psychotherapy services.

Preclinical assessment of splicing modulation therapy for ABCA4 variant c.768G>T in Stargardt disease.

Background: Stargardt disease type 1 (STGD1) is a progressive retinal disorder caused by bi-allelic variants in the ABCA4 gene. A recurrent variant at the exon-intron junction of exon 6, c.768G>T, causes a 35-nt elongation of exon 6 that leads to premature termination of protein synthesis.

Insights from a century of data reveal global trends in ex situ living plant collections.

Ex situ living plant collections play a crucial role in providing nature-based solutions to twenty-first century global challenges. However, the complex dynamics of these artificial ecosystems are poorly quantified and understood, affecting biodiversity storage, conservation and utilization. To evaluate the management of ex situ plant diversity, we analysed a century of data comprising 2.

Performance effects of functional knee brace removal and prolonged use in healthy male athlete: Lower extremity power, acceleration, speed, and agility.

Objectives: Knee braces were introduced to sports 30 years ago. However, knee brace use for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention intervention remains contentious due to concerns about performance hindrances. Since knee brace use is a potential modifiable risk factor, we aimed to investigate the effect of discounting and continued functional knee brace (FKB) on lower extremity power-vertical jump (VJ), acceleration, speed, and agility performance.

Opioid use in treated and untreated obstructive sleep apnoea: remifentanil pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in adult volunteers.

Background: Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are considered more sensitive to opioids and at increased risk of opioid-induced respiratory depression. Nonetheless, whether OSA treatment (continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP; or bilevel positive airway pressure, BIPAP) modifies this risk remains unknown. Greater opioid sensitivity can arise from altered pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics.