Treatment-related mortality in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and radiation: results of a meta-analysis of published trials.

Objectives: A combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is employed in the curative and postoperative treatment of locally advanced head and neck cancers (HNC). Integrated chemoradiation (CRT) treatments result in a non-negligible rate of severe toxic effects. Treatment-related death (TRD) is a crucial topic for physicians involved in the curative treatment of HNC.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) From a Human at Low Risk for Alzheimer's Disease Improves Short-Term Recognition Memory and Increases Neuroinflammation in a 3xTg AD Mouse Model.

Human microbiota-associated murine models, using fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from human donors, help explore the microbiome's role in diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study examines how gut bacteria from donors with protective factors against AD influence behavior and brain pathology in an AD mouse model. Female 3xTgAD mice received weekly FMT for 2 months from (i) an 80-year-old AD patient (AD-FMT), (ii) a cognitively healthy 73-year-old with the protective APOEe2 allele (APOEe2-FMT), (iii) a 22-year-old healthy donor (Young-FMT), and (iv) untreated mice (Mice-FMT).

Laparoscopic versus open resection for hepatocellular carcinoma according to the procedure's complexity: real-world weighted data from a national register.

Background: Minimal access liver surgery (MALS) is considered superior to open liver resection (OLR) in reducing the perioperative risk in patients affected by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). No national-level comparisons exist based on procedure complexity. This study aims to compare postoperative complications, postoperative ascites (POA), and major complications (MC) between MALS and OLR.

Informal care for people with dementia in Europe.

Introduction: Informal care estimates for use in health-economic models are lacking. We aimed to estimate the association between informal care time and dementia symptoms across Europe.

Methods: A secondary analysis was performed on 13,529 observations in 5,369 persons from 9 European pooled cohort or trial studies in community-dwelling persons with dementia.

Cataract surgery has minimal effect on corneal shape.

Purpose: To quantify the effect of cataract surgery on cornea shape.

Methods: Patients undergoing cataract surgery with standardised 2.75 mm surgical incisions at 110 degrees with a side port at 50 degrees were included.

miR-449a/miR-340 reprogram cell identity and metabolism in fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma, arises in skeletal muscle and remains in an undifferentiated state due to transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators. Among its subtypes, fusion-negative RMS (FN-RMS) accounts for the majority of diagnoses in the pediatric population. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that modulate cell identity via post-transcriptional regulation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs).

Loss of Insight in Syndromes Associated with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Clinical and Imaging Features.

Objectives: The present study aims to assess the prevalence, associated clinical symptoms, longitudinal changes, and imaging correlates of Loss of Insight (LOI), which is still unexplored in syndromes associated with Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD).

Design: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study, from Oct 2009 to Feb 2023.

Setting: Tertiary Frontotemporal Dementia research clinic.

Shaping the Emission Directivity of Single Quantum Dots in Dielectric Nanodisks Exploiting Mie Resonances.

Manipulating the optical landscape of single quantum dots (QDs) is essential to increase the emitted photon output, enhancing their performance as chemical sensors and single-photon sources. Micro-optical structures are typically used for this task, with the drawback of a large size compared to the embedded single emitters. Nanophotonic architectures hold the promise to modify dramatically the emission properties of QDs, boosting light-matter interactions at the nanoscale, in ultracompact devices.

Interim-PET predicts progression-free survival in stage IV Hodgkin lymphoma treated with upfront brentuximab vedotin-AVD.

Brentuximab vedotin (BV) plus doxorubicin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (AVD) demonstrated to improve survival compared to ABVD as frontline treatment of advanced stage Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). We retrospectively collected data of 99 stage IV HL patients treated off-protocol with BV-AVD to evaluate the predictive role of interim-PET. Median age was 36 years (range: 18-82); 83.

Clinical Outcomes of Cardiac Transplantation in Heart Failure Patients with Previous Mechanical Cardiocirculatory Support.

Heart failure (HF) remains a significant public health issue, with heart transplantation (HT) being the gold standard treatment for end-stage HF. The increasing use of mechanical circulatory support, particularly left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), as a bridge to transplant (BTT), presents new perspectives for increasingly complex clinical scenarios. This study aimed to compare long-term clinical outcomes in patients in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) receiving an LVAD as BTT to those undergoing direct-to-transplant (DTT) without mechanical support, focusing on survival and post-transplant complications.

Long-Term Eosinophil Depletion: A Real-World Perspective on the Safety and Durability of Benralizumab Treatment in Severe Eosinophilic Asthma.

Benralizumab is an anti-IL-5 receptor alpha monoclonal antibody that induces the near-complete depletion of eosinophils. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term safety and effectiveness of benralizumab in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) over an extended 48-month follow-up period, offering one of the longest real-world perspectives available. This was a single-arm, retrospective, observational, multicenter study involving 123 SEA patients treated with benralizumab at a dosage of 30 mg every 4 weeks for the first 3 doses and then every 8 weeks.

Cangrelor in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

: Cangrelor provides rapid platelet inhibition, making it a potential option for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, clinical data on its use after OHCA are limited. This study investigates in-hospital outcomes of cangrelor use in this population.

Challenging the Binary Classification of Endometrioid Endometrial Adenocarcinoma: The Evaluation of Grade 2 as an Independent Entity Based on Prognostic Characteristics and Recurrence Patterns.

Although grade is a well-recognised prognostic factor for endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC), in more studies grade 1 (G1) and grade 2 (G2) EEC are combined and compared together with grade 3 (G3) tumours. The aim of our study is to separately investigate the outcomes, prognostic factors and recurrence patterns of G2 EEC and whether the differentiation between G1 and G2 EEC is clinically useful. we retrospectively reviewed 523 patients with EEC treated with primary surgery over a decade (March 2010-January 2020) at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, focusing on those with G2 disease.

RadiOnCOVID: Multicentric Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 on Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy in Italy.

Methods And Materials: Patients with ongoing or planned anticancer treatment at 19 Italian Radiation Oncology centers were included in the study retrospectively from 3 February 2020 to 31 December 2020 and prospectively from 1 January 2021 to 31 May 2021. Anonymized data were processed through a specific website and database. Antineoplastic treatment characteristics and timing and outcomes of COVID-19 and its impact on radiotherapy or systemic therapy were described.

The IL-23R and Its Genetic Variants: A Hitherto Unforeseen Bridge Between the Immune System and Cancer Development.

IL-23R (interleukin-23 receptor), found on the surface of several immune cells, plays a key role in the immune system. Indeed, this process is not limited to the inflammatory response but also plays a role in the adaptive immune response. The binding between IL-23R and its specific ligand, the interleukin 23, initiates a number of specific signals by modulating both properties and behavior of immune cells.

3D Scanning of Surgical Specimens to Improve Communication Between Surgeon and Pathologist: A Head and Neck Pilot Study.

Successful surgical outcomes in head and neck cancer depend on the accurate identification of resection margins. Effective communication between surgeons and pathologists is critical, but is often jeopardised by challenges in sampling and orienting anatomically complex specimens. This pilot study aims to evaluate the use of 3D scanning of surgical specimens as a tool to improve communication and optimise the pathology sampling process.

Resting-State EEG Alpha Rhythms Are Related to CSF Tau Biomarkers in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease.

Patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI) typically show abnormally high delta (<4 Hz) and low alpha (8-12 Hz) rhythms measured from resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) activity. Here, we hypothesized that the abnormalities in rsEEG activity may be greater in ADMCI patients than in those with MCI not due to AD (noADMCI). Furthermore, they may be associated with the diagnostic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-tau biomarkers in ADMCI patients.

A Brief History of Ferritin, an Ancient and Versatile Protein.

Ferritin, a highly conserved iron storage protein, is among the earliest proteins that have been purified, named, and characterized due to its unique properties that continue to captivate researchers. Ferritin is composed of 24 subunits that form an almost spherical shell delimiting a cavity where thousands of iron atoms can be stored in a nontoxic ferric form, thereby preventing cytosolic iron from catalyzing oxidative stress. Mitochondrial and extracellular ferritin have also been described and characterized, with the latter being associated with several signaling functions.

Neurofilament Light Protein as a Biomarker in Severe Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review.

Severe mental disorders (SMDs), such as schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD), are heterogeneous psychiatric diseases that impose a significant societal burden due to their chronic disabling nature. There are no objective and reliable diagnostic tests for SMDs; thus, there is an urgent need for specific biomarkers to improve diagnosis, treatment, and resource allocation. Neurofilaments, found in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, offer reliable diagnostic and prognostic potential.

Methods and Models for Studying in Respiratory Infections.

Respiratory infections, including tuberculosis, constitute a major global health challenge. Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (Mtb), remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The disease's complexity is attributed to Mtb's capacity to persist in latent states, evade host immune defenses, and develop resistance to antimicrobial treatments, posing significant challenges for diagnosis and therapy.

Modeling Mastitis Risk Management Effects on Dairy Milk Yield and Global Warming Potential.

Mastitis represents a significant challenge for dairy farming, resulting in economic losses and environmental impacts. This study assesses a model for the evaluation of the impact of mastitis on dairy productivity and Global Warming Potential (GWP) under diverse management scenarios. The model considers a range of factors, including bedding materials, milking systems, health surveillance, and overcrowding.

A reproducibility study on invasion in small pulmonary adenocarcinoma according to the WHO and a modified classification, supported by biomarkers.

Objectives: Evaluating invasion in non-mucinous adenocarcinoma (NMA) of the lung is crucial for accurate pT-staging. This study compares the World Health Organization (WHO) with a recently modified NMA classification.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on small NMA pT1N0M0 cases with a 5-year follow-up.