Efficacy of Concurrent Training in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Physical, Psychological, and Biomarker Variables.

Background: Breast cancer treatments often cause serious side effects, but physical exercise has shown the potential to improve both the physical and psychological health outcomes of survivors. This review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize and analyze the scientific evidence on the effectiveness of concurrent training on physical, psychological, and biomarkers variables on breast cancer survivors.; Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024571851).

Health Professionals' Perceptions about Prostate Cancer-A Focus Group Study.

Prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for 20% of new cancer cases and 10.5% of cancer-associated mortality in Portugal. Associated risk factors include advanced age, family history, genetic alterations, and race/ethnicity.

The influence of nutrition in nodular thyroid pathology: a systematic review.

Nodular thyroid pathologies (NThyPs) are prevalent thyroid diseases, with a steadily increasing global incidence. Although their exact causes remain uncertain, various modifying factors, such as nutrition, influence their development. We aimed to systematically identify and synthesize the influence of dietary exposures on NThyPs risk.

Potentially inappropriate anticholinergic drug use among older adults in primary healthcare: prevalence and determinants.

Background: Considering the vulnerability of older adults to adverse drug reactions, medications with strong anticholinergic properties are considered potentially inappropriate for this population. This study aims to characterize older adults' profile of anticholinergics use and to identify the factors associated with their potentially inappropriate use.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 1200 older adults in primary health care centers of Portugal between April 2021 and August 2022.

IL-15-activated human naïve CD8+ T cells down-modulate the CD8β chain and become CD8αα T cells.

Antigen-driven human effector-memory CD8+ T cells expressing low levels of the CD8β chain have been previously described. However, little is known on a possible antigen-independent trigger. We have examined the impact that IL-15 has on the expression of CD8β on purified human naïve CD8+ T cells after CFSE labeling and culture with IL-15.

Comparing AGS Beers 2019, STOPP version 2, and EU(7)-PIM list in Portuguese older adults in primary health care.

Purpose: This study aims to identify PIM prevalence in older adults according to the 2019 Beers criteria, Screening Tool of Older Person's Prescriptions version 2 (STOPP v2) criteria, and the Portuguese EU(7)-PIM list and also to analyze the concordance between these criteria.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among 1200 Portuguese older adults (≥ 65 years old), users of primary health care. Demographic, clinical, and pharmacological data were collected concerning the period between April 2021 and August 2022.

Barriers and facilitators of health professionals in adopting digital health-related tools for medication appropriateness: A systematic review.

Objective: Digital health is described as the use and development of all types of digital technologies to improve health outcomes. It could be used to prevent medication errors, a priority for health systems worldwide. However, the adoption of such tools remains slow.

Magnitude and Determinants of Long-term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among Portuguese Older Adults in Primary Health Care.

Purpose: Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) have been associated with several adverse effects of particular concern in older populations. Their use for a period longer than 8 weeks is not recommended for older adults. Strategies to discontinue PPIs have been offered; however, their use remains high.

Understanding vaccination hesitation among health professionals: a systematic review of qualitative studies.

Objectives: In terms of vaccination, people trust healthcare professionals (HCPs) more than any other source of information. They are the cornerstone of vaccination as they can move undecided populations not only towards vaccination but also towards non-vaccination. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and barriers associated with own vaccination and patient recommendation in HCPs.

Role of monocytes and dendritic cells in cardiac reverse remodelling after cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Background And Aims: Monocytes and dendritic cells (DC) are both key inflammatory cells, with recognized effects on cardiac repair. However, there are distinct subsets of monocytes with potential for beneficial or detrimental effects on heart failure (HF) pathogenesis. The connection between reverse cardiac remodelling, the potential anti-inflammatory effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and monocytes and DC homeostasis in HF is far from being understood.

Hematological Events Potentially Associated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: An Analysis from the European Spontaneous Adverse Event Reporting System.

Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are a recent targeted therapy approved for patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer. Abemaciclib, palbociclib and ribociclib demonstrated great efficacy and safety during clinical studies. However, differences in their adverse-event profiles have been observed.

Peripheral Neuropathy Potentially Associated to Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors: An Analysis of the Eudravigilance Database.

Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as a targeted therapy in cancer treatment with promising results in various types of cancer. This work aims to investigate the profile of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with PARPi through the reports provided by the Eudravigilance (EV) database. We also intend to analyze the potential association of peripheral neuropathy to PARPi.

Sociodemographic determinants of digital health literacy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Differences in digital health literacy levels are associated with a lack of access to digital tools, usage patterns, and the ability to effectively use digital technologies. Although some studies have investigated the impact of sociodemographic factors on digital health literacy, a comprehensive evaluation of these factors has not been conducted. Therefore, this study sought to examine the sociodemographic determinants of digital health literacy by conducting a systematic review of the existing literature.

Factors associated with underreporting of adverse drug reactions by patients: a systematic review.

Background: Spontaneous reporting is the most used method to monitor post-marketing safety information. Although patient involvement in spontaneous reporting has increased overtime, little is known about factors associated with patients' adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting.

Aim: To identify and assess the sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes and knowledge that influence spontaneous reporting and the reasons associated with ADR underreporting by patients.

Active Pharmacovigilance Study: A Follow-Up Model of Oral Anti-Cancer Drugs under Additional Monitoring.

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are responsible for almost 5% of hospital admissions, making it necessary to implement different pharmacovigilance strategies. The additional monitoring (AM) concept has been highlighted and intended to increase the number of suspected ADRs reported, namely in medicines with limited safety data. A prospective, descriptive study of active pharmacovigilance (AP) was conducted between 2019 and 2021 in the Local Health Unit of Matosinhos (LHUM) (Porto, Portugal).

Clinical and Pharmacotherapeutic Profile of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Admitted to a Hospital Emergency Department.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is closely associated with other pathologies, which may require complex therapeutic approaches. We aim to characterize the clinical and pharmacological profile of T2DM patients admitted to an emergency department. Patients aged ≥65 years and who were already using at least one antidiabetic drug were included in this analysis.

Reduced numbers of regulatory T cells in chronic heart failure seems not to be restored by cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Background: T cells have been implicated in the development and progression of inflammatory processes in chronic heart failure (CHF). Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has beneficial effects on symptoms and cardiac remodeling in CHF. However, its impact on the inflammatory immune response remains controversial.

Gastrointestinal disorders potentially associated with Semaglutide: an analysis from the Eudravigilance Database.

Background: Semaglutide is a Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist used in the second-line treatment of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and can be used in monotherapy or associated with other oral antidiabetics or even insulin, increasing the effectiveness of the treatment. This work aims to analyze the profile of adverse drug reactions reported for semaglutide in Eudravigilance.

Research Design And Methods: Data on Individual Cases Safety Reports were obtained from the database of the centralized European spontaneous reporting system Eudravigilance by accessing www.

Adaptation and validation of the Person-centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT) to the Portuguese population.

Background: The relevance of person-centred care as an optimising approach to the quality of care provided to older adults has sparked the development of important instruments that measure this approach at residential care facilities and requires validation for the Portuguese population.

Objectives: This study aims to adapt and validate the Person-centered Care Assessment Tool (P-CAT) to the Portuguese population.

Methods: The P-CAT assesses the level of person-centred care provided by residential care facilities, according to staff.

Insights on COVID-19 Vaccination in Portugal: A Qualitative Study among Health Professionals and Teachers.

Background: Vaccination against COVID-19 has had a major impact over the course of the pandemic, leading to a reduced number of hospitalizations and deaths. However, the mass vaccination process has been accompanied by skepticism and hesitancy since its beginning. As health professionals and teachers are important public health actors who can strongly intervene to reduce vaccination hesitancy among their patients and students, respectively, this study aimed to assess their main perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccination.

Lipid and Polymeric Nanoparticles: Successful Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery in the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders.

Intranasal administration has gained an increasing interest for brain drug delivery since it allows direct transport through neuronal pathways, which can be quite advantageous for central nervous system disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Nanoparticles have been studied as possible alternatives to conventional formulations, with the objective of improving drug bioavailability. The present work aimed to analyze the potential of intranasal nanoparticle administration for the treatment of depression and anxiety, using the analysis of several studies already performed.

Understanding Primary Care Physician Vaccination Behaviour: A Systematic Review.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy decreases adult vaccination coverage and has been recognized by WHO as a major health threat. Primary care physicians (PCP) play a key role in vaccination by giving vaccine counselling to their patients. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and barriers (KBAB) associated with own vaccination and patient recommendation in primary care physicians.

Protocols of Investigation of Neonatal Cholestasis-A Critical Appraisal.

Neonatal cholestasis (NC) starts during the first three months of life and comprises extrahepatic and intrahepatic groups of diseases, some of which have high morbimortality rates if not timely identified and treated. Prolonged jaundice, clay-colored or acholic stools, and choluria in an infant indicate the urgent need to investigate the presence of NC, and thenceforth the differential diagnosis of extra- and intrahepatic causes of NC. The differential diagnosis of NC is a laborious process demanding the accurate exclusion of a wide range of diseases, through the skillful use and interpretation of several diagnostic tests.

Geographic Variation in Top-10 Prescribed Medicines and Potentially Inappropriate Medication in Portugal: An Ecological Study of 2.2 Million Older Adults.

Multiple medication intake by older adults is considered a serious public health concern since it is associated with increased risk of adverse drug reactions and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM). This study described the top-10 prescribed active substances considering geographical distribution and PIM prescription in older adults. A cross-sectional ecological study using data on the active substances prescribed to people aged 65 years or older during 2020 was conducted.