Nano-Zinc Oxide Can Enhance the Tolerance of Apple Rootstock M9-T337 Seedlings to Saline Alkali Stress by Initiating a Variety of Physiological and Biochemical Pathways.

Soil salinization severely restricts the growth and development of crops globally, especially in the northwest Loess Plateau, where apples constitute a pillar industry. Nanomaterials, leveraging their unique properties, can facilitate the transport of nutrients to crops, thereby enhancing plant growth and development under stress conditions. To investigate the effects of nano zinc oxide (ZnO NP) on the growth and physiological characteristics of apple self-rooted rootstock M9-T337 seedlings under saline alkali stress, one-year-old M9-T337 seedlings were used as experimental materials and ZnO NPs were used as donors for pot experiment.

Unveiling the Role of in Cotton Salt Stress Tolerance: A Comprehensive Genomic and Functional Analysis of Genes.

Proline, a critical osmoregulatory compound, is integral to various plant stress responses. The gene, which encodes the rate-limiting enzyme in proline biosynthesis, known as ∆1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, is fundamental to these stress response pathways. While the functions of genes in plants have been extensively documented, their specific roles in cotton remain inadequately characterized.

Impact of Deactivated Mine Waste Substrates on the Growth and Cu, As and Pb Accumulation in Tubers, Roots, Stems and Leaves of Three L. Varieties.

Potato ( L.) is the world's third most popular vegetable in terms of consumption and the fourth most produced. Potatoes can be easily cultivated in different climates and locations around the globe and often in soils contaminated by heavy metals due to industrial activities.

A Comparative Phytochemical Investigation of the Greek Members of the Genus Mill., with Emphasis on the Local Endemic Boiss and Orph.

The members of the genus Mill. are notable for producing a diverse range of structurally intricate secondary metabolites, being the focus of current phytochemical research. Their importance is recognized as several species hold significant ethnopharmacological value, being traditionally used to address ailments in human systems, such as respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary conditions, among others.

Evaluating Spherical Trees in the Urban Environment in Budapest (Hungary).

The world's big cities, including Budapest, are becoming more crowded, with more and more people living in smaller and smaller spaces. There is an increasing demand for more green space and trees, with less vertical and less horizontal space. In addition, deteriorating environmental conditions are making it even more difficult for trees to grow and survive.

Virulence of Five Root-Knot Nematodes ( spp.) on Nine Industrial Hemp ( L.) Varieties and Nematicidal Potential of Hemp Seed Extracts Against .

The most common and damaging plant parasitic nematodes are root-knot nematodes (RNK). Although hemp has been clearly infected by RNK, little information is available regarding the extent of the damage and losses caused. In addition, no information is available concerning hemp seed extracts' activity against RNK.

Evolutionary Trajectories of Shoots vs. Roots: Plant Volatile Metabolomes Are Richer but Less Structurally Diverse Belowground in the Tropical Tree Genus .

The breadth and depth of plant leaf metabolomes have been implicated in key interactions with plant enemies aboveground. In particular, divergence in plant species chemical composition-amongst neighbors, relatives, or both-is often suggested as a means of escape from insect herbivore enemies. Plants also experience strong pressure from enemies such as belowground pathogens; however, little work has been carried out to examine the evolutionary trajectories of species' specialized chemistries in both roots and leaves.

Medicinal Plant Use in North Karelia, Finland, in the 2010s.

Finnish North Karelia is a region with a rich cultural history of ethnomedicinal plant use, shaped by centuries of interactions among various ethnic groups. This study identified both similarities and divergences between local Finns, Karelians war refugees, and individuals of mixed origin compared to historical records. Based on 67 semi-structured interviews, we documented the use of 43 medicinal plant taxa from 25 families, of which 31 remain in use.

Phytomedicine Potential of Root and Its Constituents: Targeting Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in cognitive function, for which few effective treatments exist. This study investigated the neuroprotective potential of root extract and its key constituents (baicalein, chrysin, oroxylin A) against AD hallmarks. The extract and its constituents exhibited antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay.

Different Genotypes of the Rare and Threatened Moss (Funariaceae) Exhibit Different Resilience to Zinc and Copper Stress.

The funarioid moss species , which is threatened with extinction, was the subject of this study. The riparian habitat type of this species is often under the influence of contaminated water, and, therefore, we tested the influence of selected potentially toxic elements (PTEs), namely zinc and copper, on the development, physiological features, and survival of the species on two different accessions (German and Croatian). The results obtained showed the different resilience of the two accessions to the PTEs.

Pearl Millet Cover Crop Extract Inhibits the Development of the Weed by Inducing Oxidative Stress in Primary Roots and Affecting Photosynthesis Efficiency.

The cover crop (L.) R.Br.

Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity in the Leaves of Invasive (Lam.) K. Koch in Lithuania.

The environmental impact of invasive species necessitates creating a strategy for managing their spread by utilising them as a source of potentially high-value raw materials. (Lam.) K.

L. Herb Extracts: Phytochemical Composition and Pharmacological Activity Screening.

The genus (Lamiaceae family) comprises approximately 300 species, which are widely used in traditional medicine for their diaphoretic, antiseptic, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory properties, but scarcely in official ones. Therefore, the study of holds promise for developing new medicinal products. In aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic soft extracts of the herb, 16 amino acids, 20 phenolics, and 10 volatile substances were identified by HPLC and GC/MS.

Functional Characterization of the Gene from and Its Role in Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Transgenic .

The frequent occurrence of extreme weather conditions in the world has brought many unfavorable factors to plant growth, causing the growth and development of plants to be hindered and even leading to plant death, with abiotic stress hindering the growth and metabolism of plants due to severe uncontrollability. The WHY1 transcription factor plays a critical role in regulating gene expression in plants, influencing chlorophyll biosynthesis, plant growth, and development, as well as responses to environmental stresses. The important role of the gene in regulating plant growth and adaptation to environmental stress has become a hot research topic.

Importance of OsRac1 in Signalling of Pigm-1 Mediated Resistance to Rice Blast Disease.

In rice, leucine-rich repeat nucleotide-binding site (NLR) proteins are pivotal immune receptors in combating -triggered rice blast. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying how NLR proteins regulate downstream signalling remains elusive due to the lack of knowledge regarding their direct downstream targets. The NLR protein Pigm-1 was cloned from Shuangkang 77009 in our laboratory.

Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in L. by Phycoremediation.

Microalgae offer a promising alternative for heavy metal removal, and the search for highly efficient strains is ongoing. This study investigated the potential of two microalgae, sp. BGV (Chlorophyta) and Schwabe & Simonsen (Cyanoprokaryota), to bind zinc ions (Zn⁺) and protect higher plants.

Optimizing In Vitro Propagation of Schönland Using Leaf, Root, and Inflorescence.

, a species native to South Africa, is characterized by its limited growth and scarcity, contributing to high production costs. Countries like China and Turkey are known for exporting globally. Tissue culture offers an efficient method for mass-producing unique and beautiful species such as This study tested Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media supplemented with various concentrations of IBA (0.

Application of Biochar-Immobilized for Enhancing Phosphorus Uptake and Growth in Rice.

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for rice growth, and the presence of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is an effective means to increase soil P content. However, the direct application of PSB may have minimal significance due to their low survival in soil. Biochar serves as a carrier that enhances microbial survival, and its porous structure and surface characteristics ensure the adsorption of .

Prohexadione Calcium Improves Rice Yield Under Salt Stress by Regulating Source-Sink Relationships During the Filling Period.

Salt stress is an important factor affecting the growth and development of rice, and prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca) plays an important role in alleviating rice salt stress and improving rice yield. However, there are few studies on how Pro-Ca improves rice yield under salt stress by regulating the source-sink metabolism. In this study, we used Guanghong 3 (salt-tolerant variety) and Huanghuazhan (salt-sensitive variety) as experimental materials to investigate the dynamic changes in the synthesis and partitioning of nonstructural carbohydrates among source-sink, the dynamic changes in related enzyme activities, the effects of the source-sink metabolism on yield in rice under salt stress and the effect of Pro-Ca during the filling period.

Integrated Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Eggplant Productivity, Fruit Quality, and Resource Use Efficiency in a Cold and Arid Environment.

In order to explore the water and fertilizer requirements of eggplants in the western oasis of the river, the experiment was conducted in Minle County of Gansu Province in 2022 and 2023 under three water stress gradients and three nitrogen application levels: (1) moderate water stress (W, 50-60% in field water capacity [FC]), mild water stress (W, 60-70% in FC), and full irrigation (W, 70-80% in FC); (2) low nitrogen (N, 215 kg·ha), medium nitrogen (N, 270 kg·ha), and high nitrogen (N, 325 kg·ha). Moderate and mild water stress were applied during eggplant flowering and fruiting while full irrigation was provided during the other growth stages; a control class (CK) was established with full irrigation throughout the whole plant growth without nitrogen application. This study investigated the effects of water-saving and nitrogen reduction on the yield, quality, and water-nitrogen use efficiency of eggplants in a cold and arid environment in the Hexi Oasis irrigation area of China.

The Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Green Banana Flour-Wheat Flour Bread Substitutions.

Functional foods are currently receiving increasing popularity in diet modification. Green bananas contain far more dietary fiber (DF) and resistant starch (RS) than mature bananas. The potential for integrating these vital components into food, such as bread, has expanded.

Extraction and Processing of Bioactive Phytoconstituents from Widely Used South African Medicinal Plants for the Preparation of Effective Traditional Herbal Medicine Products: A Narrative Review.

Medicinal plants are sources of crude traditional herbal medicines that are utilized to reduce the risk of, treat, or manage diseases in most indigenous communities. This is due to their potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It is estimated that about 80% of the population in developing countries rely on herbal traditional medicines for healthcare.

The Genus : A Comprehensive Review of Taxonomic Aspects, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities.

The genus (Asteraceae) has been traditionally used in Mediterranean medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. However, scientific research on this genus remains limited, highlighting the need for a comprehensive review of its chemical composition and pharmacological characteristics. This review compiles existing knowledge on species, focusing on their secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, terpenes, and essential oils, as well as associated biological activities.

Does Reproductive Success in Orchids Affect the Evolution of Their Number of Flowers?

Species are disappearing worldwide, and changes in climate and land use are commonly assumed to be the most important causes. Organisms are counteracting the negative effects of environmental factors on their survival by evolving various defence strategies, which positively affect their fitness. Here, the question addressed is: can evolution shape these defence strategies so that they positively affect the fitness of an organism? This question is complex and depends on the taxa and environmental factors.

The Function of Two β-Ketoacyl-CoA Synthases on the Fatty Acid Composition.

Rapeseed ( L.) is one of the four major oilseed crops in the world and is rich in fatty acids. Changes in the fatty acid composition affect the quality of rapeseed.