Haematological toxicity of PARP inhibitors in advanced ovarian cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) are effective treatment options for patients with advanced ovarian cancer (OC). A typical adverse event (AE) of these agents is haematological toxicity, which represents the leading cause of treatment modification and discontinuation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyse the risk of haematological AEs, including anaemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia due to the use of PARPis in patients with OC.

The major-minor mode dichotomy in music perception.

In Western tonal music, major and minor modes are recognized as the primary musical features in eliciting emotional responses. The underlying correlates of this dichotomy in music perception have been extensively investigated through decades of psychological and neuroscientific research, yielding plentiful yet often discordant results that highlight the complexity and individual differences in how these modes are perceived. This variability suggests that a deeper understanding of major-minor mode perception in music is still needed.

Preliminary Ecological Data on the Cocco's Lanternfish (Cocco, 1838) (Osteichthyes: Myctophidae) in Mediterranean With New Records in the Northern Ionian Sea.

This paper presents preliminary ecological data on the Cocco's lanternfish (Cocco, 1838) (Osteichthyes: Myctophidae) in the Central Mediterranean and its first records from the northern Ionian Sea. A total of 28 specimens of lantern fish were collected using an experimental trawl net between August and September 2023 in a depth range of 500-701 m in the northern Ionian Sea (central Mediterranean), as part of the MEDITS project. Their morphological traits, the presence and arrangement of photophores together with the otolith characteristics allowed the identification of these specimens as .

Novel foods in the European framework: benefits and risks.

Given the rapidly increasing global demand for food, it is mandatory to consider new sources of nutrients, safe and sustainably produced protein foods to complement the current traditional and limited sources of protein in the human diet. In recent years, a wide range of nontraditional protein foods have been explored, prompting the European Union to legislate on how novel foods can be introduced and traded on the European market to ensure their safety. This review will illustrate the range of novel foods authorized in the EU and their potential impact on human health, highlighting the gaps, the potential risks, and the future research opportunities and perspectives.

Value of autopsy in the modern age: Discrepancy between clinical and autopsy diagnoses.

Background: Autopsy is a medical procedure that consists of the examination of the corpse to determine the cause of death and obtain information on pathological conditions or injuries. In recent years, there has been a reduction in hospital autopsies and an increase in forensic autopsies.

Aim: To evaluate the utility of autopsy in the modern age and the discrepancy between clinical and autopsy diagnoses.

BMIgap: a new tool to quantify transdiagnostic brain signatures of current and future weight.

Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of weight gain could reduce excess mortality and improve long-term trajectories of psychiatric disorders. We used support-vector machines and whole-brain voxel-wise grey matter volume to generate and validate a BMI predictor in healthy individuals (N = 1504) and applied it to individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ,N = 146), clinical high-risk states for psychosis (CHR,N = 213) and recent-onset depression (ROD,N = 200). We computed BMIgap (BMI-BMI), interrogated its brain-level overlaps with SCZ and explored whether BMIgap predicted weight gain at 1- and 2-year follow-up.

Advanced reconstructive techniques following orbital exenteration: The role of LCFA free flaps.

Background: Orbital exenteration is a severe and disabling surgical procedure that involves the removal of all orbital contents. Effective reconstruction is crucial to managing the resulting defects. This study aims to propose a reconstructive algorithm utilizing free flaps derived from the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) system for orbital exenteration defects, based on our clinical experience.

Non-motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease: underdiagnosed, yet important.

Non-motor fluctuations (NMF) in Parkinson's disease (PD) significantly affect patients' well-being. Despite being identified over two decades ago, NMF remain largely under-recognized, under-treated, and poorly understood. While they are often temporally associated with motor fluctuations (MF) and can share common risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms, NMF and MF are currently considered distinct entities.

Variations of blood D-serine and D-aspartate homeostasis track psychosis stages.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychotic disorder characterized by a disruption in glutamatergic NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-mediated neurotransmission. Compelling evidence has revealed that NMDAR activation is not limited to L-glutamate, L-aspartate, and glycine since other free amino acids (AAs) in the atypical D-configuration, such as D-aspartate and D-serine, also modulate this class of glutamatergic receptors. Although dysregulation of AAs modulating NMDARs has been previously reported in SCZ, it remains unclear whether distinct variations of these biomolecules occur during illness progression from at-risk premorbid to clinically manifest stage.

Identification of two QTLs for web blotch resistance in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) based on BSA-seq.

Background: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a globally important oilseed and cash crop. Web blotch is one of the most important peanut foliar diseases, causing severe yield losses worldwide.

Targeting the Ca signaling toolkit as an alternative strategy to mitigate SARS-CoV-2-induced cardiovascular adverse events.

Ca signaling events are essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, regulating critical functions in both endothelial and cardiac cells. SARS-CoV-2 infection impinges this delicate balance, leading to severe cardiovascular complications. SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptor on endothelial and cardiomyocyte surfaces, triggering abnormal increases in intracellular Ca levels that promote endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and hypercoagulation.

The potential of MAO inhibitors as chemotherapeutics in cancer: A literature survey.

Drug resistance in cancer is determined by genetic mutations and adaptations of tumor cells to drug treatments, raising a challenge in the treatment of cancer. Factors such as prolonged drug exposure, genetic variability among patients, and tumor heterogeneity have been established as contributors to rising incidence of drug resistance, prompting ongoing research into alternative therapies and combination treatments to overcome this challenge. Monoamine oxidases (MAOs), including both isoforms MAO-A and MAO-B, are mitochondrial enzymes responsible for the catabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.

Early prediction of ochratoxigenic Aspergillus westerdijkiae on traditional Italian caciocavallo during ripening process by MS-based electronic nose.

A rapid and non-invasive mass spectrometry-based electronic nose (MS-eNose) method, combined with chemometric analysis, was developed for the early detection of Aspergillus westerdijkiae on caciocavallo cheeses during ripening process. MS-eNose analyses were carried out on caciocavallo inoculated with ochratoxin A (OTA) non-producing species and artificially contaminated with A. westerdijkiae, an OTA producing species.

Best practices for disinfection in dental settings: insights from Italian and European regulations.

Disinfection practices in dental settings are fundamental to clinical safety, playing a pivotal role in preventing cross-infections and protecting the health of patients and healthcare professionals. This article examines the key components of effective disinfection, based on evidence-based protocols developed by international organizations such as the WHO and the U.S.

Composition and antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of var. and var. .

Background: The basidiomycetes var. Lanzi and var. Venturella et al.

): .

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become crucial for evidence-based decision-making in recent decades. However, it is common for the results of multiple reviews on the same topic to be inconsistent, and it is widely recognised that the results of the reviews are not always effectively communicated to healthcare professionals and the lay public. This manuscript proposes a strategy to summarise and communicate the findings of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses to wider audiences.

ST-Segment Elevation: Hypocalcemia or Takotsubo Syndrome? A Diagnostic Dilemma.

A wide range of etiologies, both ischemic and nonischemic, can produce an electrocardiographic pattern of ST-segment elevation (STE), including Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) and electrolyte imbalances. Instances of hypocalcemia-induced TTS and STE are exceedingly rare in medical literature. This paper presents the case of a 75-year-old woman with advanced ovarian cancer and no prior heart issues, who exhibited diffuse STE on electrocardiogram, resembling acute coronary syndrome.

Role of high-dose amoxicillin dual therapy for eradication in an Irish cohort: A prospective study.

() infections may cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancers, and other conditions outside of the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, it is important to diagnose and treat it early. is resistant to certain drugs in traditional eradication therapy, so alternative therapy protocols are needed, such as high-dose amoxicillin dual therapy (HDADT).

Recent Advances in Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Future Research on Viral Reactivations and Vaccine Improvement.

In recent decades, the knowledge on the pathogenesis, immune mechanisms, and molecular signaling pathway underlying inflammatory skin diseases has substantially improved, along with the management of such diseases [...

Target Therapy in Chronic Arthritis: The Unmet Needs, State-of-the-Art on Dual Biologic Treatments, and Future Perspectives.

Since the early 1990s, the introduction of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b-DMARDs) in managing rheumatological diseases has revolutionised the course of inflammatory chronic arthritis, improving the quality of life, slowing the radiographic progression, avoiding disability, preserving workability, and reducing mortality [...

Overcoming Resistance in Anderson-Fabry Disease: Current Therapeutic Challenges and Future Perspectives.

Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) remains a therapeutic challenge despite advances in early diagnosis and the availability of enzyme replacement therapies (ERTs). While early initiation of therapy can mitigate disease progression, resistance mechanisms-such as the development of anti-drug antibodies-limit the efficacy of current treatments, particularly in patients with severe genetic variants. Chaperone therapy provides a targeted option for a subset of patients, yet significant gaps remain in treating those with complete enzyme deficiency.