Effect of Chronic Rhinitis Treatment in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of chronic rhinitis treatment on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with ADHD.

Methods: Children and adolescents with ADHD were screened for chronic rhinitis symptoms. Participants with positive chronic rhinitis screening underwent the skin prick test and received rhinitis treatment for 3 months.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and Feline Leukemia Virus Infection in Healthy Cats in Thailand.

Infections with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) occur worldwide and are among the most important infectious diseases in cats. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of FIV and FeLV infection in healthy outdoor cats in North, Northeast and Central Thailand. So far, a study on retrovirus prevalence of healthy cats in Thailand in a larger geographic area has not been published yet.

Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).

Background: The evidence based supports that multifactorial and complex immune interactions play a role in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but contradictory findings are also reported.

Objective: The aim of this selective review was to identify trends in the research literature on this topic, focusing on immunology and other aberrations with respect to the different ASD subtypes.

Methods: This selective review is based on original and review articles written in English and identified in literature searches of PubMed.

Low-dose versus standard-dose ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in virologically suppressed Thai adults with HIV (LASA): a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial.

Background: Thai patients with HIV have higher exposure to HIV protease inhibitors than do white people and dose reduction might be possible. We compared the efficacy of low-dose with standard-dose ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in virologically suppressed Thai patients with HIV.

Methods: In this randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial, we recruited patients aged 18 years or older who were receiving ritonavir-boosted protease-inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) with HIV plasma viral loads of less than 50 copies per mL, an alanine aminotransferase concentration of less than 200 IU/L, and a creatinine clearance of at least 60 mL/min from 14 hospitals in Thailand.

A case of hypersensitivity to progesterone presenting as an eczematous eruption.

Hypersensitivity to progesterone is a rare condition, and it represents a hypersensitivity reaction to endogenous progesterone. Here we report a case of a woman who presented to our attention for evaluation of a rash for a few years on her posterior elbows, forearms, and right lateral lower extremity. We report this case because it describes a rare clinical entity, with an atypical clinical presentation pemphigoid-like, that is rarely described in literature.

Abnormal uterine cervical cytology in a large tertiary hospital in Bangkok metropolis: Prevalence, management, and outcomes.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology, management, and association with clinical significant histopathology including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II or adenocarcinoma in situ and more severe lesions.

Materials And Methods: Women with abnormal cervical cytology from January 2005 to December 2009 were identified from the archives of Department of Anatomical Pathology and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Demographic data, type of abnormal cytology, management, and their associated histopathology were collected.

Endoscopically-derived bacterial cultures in chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review.

Background: Culture-directed antibiotic therapy represents an important component in the management paradigm of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature to assess culture yield of the most common aerobic and anaerobic pathogens.

Methods: A total of 43 studies between 1975 and 2010 were included.

Comparison of gestational diabetes mellitus rates in women with increased and normal white blood cell counts in early pregnancy.

Aim: To compare the rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Thai or other South-East Asian women with increased and normal peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts in early pregnancy. The risk of GDM in relation to WBC count was also determined.

Methods: We included singleton pregnant women who sought their first antenatal care in our institution between May 2010 and December 2011.

The effect of weight loss in obese patients with chronic stable plaque-type psoriasis.

Background. Chronic plaque psoriasis is frequently associated with obesity. The effect of a low-calorie diet on psoriasis has not been investigated.

The rate and mortality of postoperative venous thromboembolism of moderate risk surgery in Asian patients without thrombo-prophylaxis: systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: The general gynecologic and neurologic surgeries are regard as carrying moderate risk for postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE). This review analyzed the postoperative VTE rate of these surgeries in Asia.

Methods: Inclusion criteria were: prospective study; deep vein thrombosis (DVT) diagnosed by venography, ultrasonography, or radionucleotide scan; and no thromboprophylaxis.

Vulvar pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia associated with herpes simplex virus type II mimicking cancer in an immunocompromised patient.

We report an exaggerated dermatological inflammatory condition in an immunocompromised patient. The patient was a 51-year-old woman who had HIV infection and a history of cervical cancer. Three years after highly active antiretroviral therapy with an improved immune status, and 2 years after remission of cervical cancer, she developed verrucous perineal masses.

Treatment outcomes of paclitaxel for refractory or recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer patients in Thailand.

Background: To study the response rate, toxicity profiles, and survival of refractory or recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients treated with paclitaxel.

Materials And Methods: Patients with refractory or recurrent EOC who were treated with paclitaxel between January 2002 and December 2011 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital were identified. Clinicopathological features of the patients including detailed data of paclitaxel treatment were collected.

Huge peritoneal malignant mesothelioma mimicking primary ovarian carcinoma.

Peritoneal malignant mesothelioma (PMM) is less commonly found in female than male. The most important differential diagnosis of PMM in female patient is primary ovarian carcinoma because of their similar symptoms e.g.

Situational analysis of palliative care education in thai medical schools.

Objective: The Thai Medical School Palliative Care Network conducted this study to establish the current state of palliative care education in Thai medical schools.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was given to 2 groups that included final year medical students and instructors in 16 Thai medical schools. The questionnaire covered 4 areas related to palliative care education.

Expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Her-2/ neu in primary and extra-corporeal endometrial cancer.

Objective: To compare immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and Her-2/neu in the primary tumors of endometrial cancer (EMC) and their extra-corporeal lesions.

Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissues of the primary and extra-corporeal tumors of EMC were retrieved for IHC study. Expression of ER, PR, and Her-2/ neu in the primary tumors and extra-corporeal lesions were compared.

Platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic factor for epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective: To determine whether preoperative platelets to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) could predict disease stage, surgical outcome, and survival in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods: Medical records of EOC patients who had surgery between January 2004 and December 2010 were reviewed. Clinicopathological and complete blood count data were collected.

Attitude and preference of Thai pregnant women towards mode of delivery.

Objective: To explore the attitudes and wishes of Thai pregnant women regarding modes of delivery.

Material And Method: Four hundred fifteen pregnant women attending the Vajira Hospital antenatal clinic were included in the present study. Data was assembled from the voluntarily self-completion questionnaires completed by the eligible women.

Accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology of salivary gland lesions: routine diagnostic experience in Bangkok, Thailand.

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is well accepted as a safe, reliable, minimal invasive and cost-effective method for diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. This study evaluated the accuracy and diagnostic performance of FNA cytology in Thailand. A consecutive series of 290 samples from 246 patients during January 2001-December 2009 were evaluated from the archive of the Anatomical Pathology Department of our institution and 133 specimens were verified by histopathologic diagnoses, obtained with material from surgical excision or biopsy.

Maternal ABO blood group and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective: To determine the relationship between maternal ABO blood group and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Study Design: Data on ABO phenotypes and pregnancy outcomes were collected from medical records of 5320 singleton pregnant women who had ABO blood testing and follow-up care until delivery in our institution. Adverse pregnancy outcomes that were studied in relation to maternal blood group included preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm delivery, low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) infants.

Seasonal variation in the prevalence of preeclampsia.

Objective: To determine whether there is a seasonal impact on the prevalence of preeclampsia in the tropical climate of Bangkok.

Material And Method: Medical records of all singleton pregnant women who delivered in the authors' institution between 2008 and 2009 were reviewed. The meteorological variables during the study period were obtained from database of the Thai Meteorological Department.

Pain control in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery with/without preoperative (preemptive) parecoxib sodium injection: a randomized study.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of preoperative parecoxib sodium injection for pain relief after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery.

Material And Method: A prospective double-blind, randomized study was conducted in 268 patients who underwent laparoscopic gynecologic surgery at Vajira Hospital between November 1, 2010 and March 31, 2011. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either single intravenous 40 mg parecoxib (treatment group; n = 133) or normal saline (control group; n = 135) 30 min before surgery.

Adjuvant chemotherapy for endometrial cancer.

Objective: To review the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in endometrial cancer and to identify the groups of patients who were most likely to have benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods: Bibliographic search was conducted for randomized trials involving chemotherapy given in an adjuvant setting for early stage endometrial cancer or advanced stage with minimal residual disease after surgery. The search included the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE/PubMed database, studies cited in the reports, proceedings of international conferences, and registered clinical trials.

Systematic review and meta-analysis on the rate of postoperative venous thromboembolism in orthopaedic surgery in Asian patients without thromboprophylaxis.

Background: Postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common life-threatening complication after surgery. This review analysed the rate and mortality of VTE after orthopaedic surgery in Asia.

Methods: Inclusion criteria were: prospective study; deep vein thrombosis (DVT) diagnosed by venography or ultrasonography; hip fracture surgery (HFS), total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA); and no thromboprophylaxis.