Quasi-stationary states of game-driven systems: A dynamical approach.

Evolutionary game theory is a framework to formalize the evolution of collectives ("populations") of competing agents that are playing a game and, after every round, update their strategies to maximize individual payoffs. There are two complementary approaches to modeling evolution of player populations. The first addresses essentially finite populations by implementing the apparatus of Markov chains.

Adaptation of an international virtual patient collection to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic posed new global challenges for teaching. We met these challenges as an international collaboration by adapting a collection of virtual patients for clinical reasoning training to this novel context.

Academic-associated emotions before and during the COVID-19-related online semester - a longitudinal investigation of first-year medical students.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, students have been confronted with an online semester. Because of the special requirements, online teaching can trigger negative emotions, which can have an unfavourable impact on the learning process and which therefore need to be regulated. This study investigates academic-associated emotions and the regulation of those emotions both before (December 2019) and during (June 2020) the online semester for first-year medical students.

The morphology of VO/TiO(001): terraces, facets, and cracks.

Vanadium dioxide (VO) features a pronounced, thermally-driven metal-to-insulator transition at 340 K. Employing epitaxial stress on rutile [Formula: see text] substrates, the transition can be tuned to occur close to room temperature. Striving for applications in oxide-electronic devices, the lateral homogeneity of such samples must be considered as an important prerequisite for efforts towards miniaturization.

Using catchment characteristics to model seasonality of dissolved organic carbon fluxes in semi-arid mountainous headwaters.

Prediction of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) based on catchment characteristics is a useful tool for efficient and effective water management, but in the case of arid and semi-arid regions, such predictive capacity is scarce. Accordingly, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the significance of principal components for predicting DOC concentrations and fluxes in nine headwater catchments of the Hiv catchment located in the Southern Alborz Mountains in the west of Tehran, Iran. To achieve this aim, data were assembled on 24 headwater catchment characteristics comprising soil properties, physiography, seasonal rainfall, and flow attributes, as well as estimates of DOC concentrations and fluxes across four seasons.

[Bed capacity management in times of the COVID-19 pandemic : A simulation-based prognosis of normal and intensive care beds using the descriptive data of the University Hospital Augsburg].

Background: Following the regional outbreak in China, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread all over the world, presenting the healthcare systems with huge challenges worldwide. In Germany the coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a slowly growing demand for health care with a sudden occurrence of regional hotspots. This leads to an unpredictable situation for many hospitals, leaving the question of how many bed resources are needed to cope with the surge of COVID-19 patients.

Standardized examinees: development of a new tool to evaluate factors influencing OSCE scores and to train examiners.

The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is an established format for practical clinical assessments at most medical schools and discussion is underway in Germany to make it part of future state medical exams. Examiner behavior that influences assessment results is described. Erroneous assessments of student performance can result, for instance, from systematic leniency, inconsistent grading, halo effects, and even a lack of differentiation between the tasks to be performed over the entire grading scale.

EP3 Is an Independent Prognostic Marker Only for Unifocal Breast Cancer Cases.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of prostaglandin E2 receptor 3 (EP3) receptor expression might have on the two different breast cancer entities: multifocal/multicentric versus unifocal. As the prognosis determining aspects, we investigated the overall- and disease-free survival by uni-and multivariate analysis. To underline the study's conclusion, we additionally considered the histopathological grading and the tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging system.

Allergen immunotherapy in the current COVID-19 pandemic: A position paper of AeDA, ARIA, EAACI, DGAKI and GPA: Position paper of the German ARIA Group in cooperation with the Austrian ARIA Group, the Swiss ARIA Group, German Society for Applied Allergology (AEDA), German Society for Allergology and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI), Society for Pediatric Allergology (GPA) in cooperation with AG Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Environmental Medicine of the DGHNO-KHC and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI).

No abstract available.

Quantum Statistical Enhancement of the Collective Performance of Multiple Bosonic Engines.

We consider an ensemble of indistinguishable quantum machines and show that quantum statistical effects can give rise to a genuine quantum enhancement of the collective thermodynamic performance. When multiple indistinguishable bosonic work resources are coupled to an external system, the internal energy change of the external system exhibits an enhancement arising from permutation symmetry in the ensemble, which is absent when the latter consists of distinguishable work resources.

tDCS for auditory verbal hallucinations in a case of schizophrenia and left frontal lesion: efield simulation and clinical results.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been explored for treatment of several neuropsychiatric disorders. For tDCS use in structural brain lesions there is some evidence from motor stroke rehabilitation and post-stroke depression. Here we report the application of tDCS in a woman previously diagnosed with schizophrenia presenting refractory auditory verbal hallucinations and left prefrontal tissue lesion.

[Increased risk of deep vein thrombosis in intensive care unit patients with CoViD-19 infections?-Preliminary data].

Background: The incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in CoViD-19 patients in intensive care units (ICU) has so far been investigated in only a few studies. Prospective comparative studies with non-CoViD-19 ICU patients are completely lacking.

Objective: Evaluation of the incidence of DVT in ICU patients with CoViD-19 compared to non-CoViD-19 ICU patients who were treated in the University Hospital Augsburg during the same period.

The clinical relevance of oliguria in the critically ill patient: analysis of a large observational database.

Background: Urine output is widely used as one of the criteria for the diagnosis and staging of acute renal failure, but few studies have specifically assessed the role of oliguria as a marker of acute renal failure or outcomes in general intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Using a large multinational database, we therefore evaluated the occurrence of oliguria (defined as a urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/h) in acutely ill patients and its association with the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and outcome.

Pilot study of a newly developed eLearning tool to teach CT and PET/CT in radiology and nuclear medicine.

Aim:  To test the usability and user experience of a newly self-developed eLearning tool to teach PET/CT and CT to undergraduate medical students.

Methods:  The eLearning tool permits to display PET and CT DICOM images web-based. It contains a healthy subject with anatomical annotations and a clinical case study.

Dispersion Forces Drive the Formation of Uranium-Alkane Adducts.

Single-crystal cryogenic X-ray diffraction at 6 K, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and correlated electronic structure calculations are combined to shed light on the nature of the metal-tris(aryloxide) and η-H, C metal-alkane interactions in the [((ArO)tacn)U(cy-C6)]·(cy-C6) adduct. An analysis of the ligand field experienced by the uranium center using ab initio ligand field theory in combination with the angular overlap model yields rather unusual U-O and U-N bonding parameters for the metal-tris(aryloxide) interaction. These parameters are incompatible with the concept of σ and π metal-ligand overlap.

Spin-charge conversion in NiMnSb Heusler alloy films.

Half-metallic Heusler alloys are attracting considerable attention because of their unique half-metallic band structures, which exhibit high spin polarization and yield huge magnetoresistance ratios. Besides serving as ferromagnetic electrodes, Heusler alloys also have the potential to host spin-charge conversion. Here, we report on the spin-charge conversion effect in the prototypical Heusler alloy NiMnSb.

[The teaching of nuclear medicine in Germany].

Aim:  Molecular imaging and therapy as applied in nuclear medicine represent an important contribution to modern medicine. The university curricula of medical schools permit to convey knowledge of nuclear medicine. In this study, the status quo of nuclear medicine teaching at German medical schools shall be surveyed for the first time.

A gradient flow formulation for the stochastic Amari neural field model.

We study stochastic Amari-type neural field equations, which are mean-field models for neural activity in the cortex. We prove that under certain assumptions on the coupling kernel, the neural field model can be viewed as a gradient flow in a nonlocal Hilbert space. This makes all gradient flow methods available for the analysis, which could previously not be used, as it was not known, whether a rigorous gradient flow formulation exists.

Breakdown of Corner States and Carrier Localization by Monolayer Fluctuations in Radial Nanowire Quantum Wells.

We report a comprehensive study of the impact of the structural properties in radial GaAs-AlGaAs nanowire-quantum well heterostructures on the optical recombination dynamics and electrical transport properties, emphasizing particularly the role of the commonly observed variations of the quantum well thickness at different facets. Typical thickness fluctuations of the radial quantum well observed by transmission electron microscopy lead to pronounced localization. Our optical data exhibit clear spectral shifts and a multipeak structure of the emission for such asymmetric ring structures resulting from spatially separated, yet interconnected quantum well systems.

Diffusion of colloidal rods in corrugated channels.

In many natural and artificial devices diffusive transport takes place in confined geometries with corrugated boundaries. Such boundaries cause both entropic and hydrodynamic effects, which have been studied only for the case of spherical particles. Here we experimentally investigate the diffusion of particles of elongated shape confined in a corrugated quasi-two-dimensional channel.

Recurrent computations for visual pattern completion.

Making inferences from partial information constitutes a critical aspect of cognition. During visual perception, pattern completion enables recognition of poorly visible or occluded objects. We combined psychophysics, physiology, and computational models to test the hypothesis that pattern completion is implemented by recurrent computations and present three pieces of evidence that are consistent with this hypothesis.

Access to the Bis-benzene Cobalt(I) Sandwich Cation and its Derivatives: Synthons for a "Naked" Cobalt(I) Source?

The synthesis and structural characterization of the hitherto unknown parent Co(bz) (bz=benzene) complex and several of its derivatives are described. Their synthesis starts either from a CoCO salt, or directly from Co (CO) and a Ag salt. Stability and solubility of these complexes was achieved by using the weakly coordinating anions (WCAs) [Al(OR ) ] and [F{Al(OR ) } ] {R =C(CF ) } and the solvent ortho-difluorobenzene (o-DFB).