A patient with respiratory toxigenic diphtheria in Greece after more than 30 years.

The introduction of treatment and systematic vaccination has significantly reduced diphtheria mortality; however, toxigenic strains continue to circulate worldwide. The emergence of an indigenous diphtheria case with fatal outcome in Greece, after 30 years, raised challenges for laboratory confirmation, clinical and public health management. Toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae was isolated from an incompletely vaccinated 8-year-old boy with underlying conditions.

Sporadic Pituitary Stalk Hemangioblastoma: A Rare Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Supratentorial hemangioblastomas have rarely been described in the literature. Pituitary stalk hemangioblastomas are extremely rare and almost always are associated with von Hippel Lindau disease. Herein, we report a sporadic case of pituitary stalk hemangioblastoma in a 36-year-old male and review the current literature regarding this pathology.

The Role of Metoprolol and Enalapril in the Prevention of Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Lymphoma Patients.

Background/aim: Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin, though widely used in anticancer therapy, they are associated with cardiotoxic side-effects. The aim of this trial was to investigate long-term follow-up cardiotoxicity findings in patients treated with doxorubicin and concomitant metoprolol or enalapril 10 years earlier.

Patients And Methods: Overall, 147 patients were randomized into the treatment arms.

A Coexisting Pilocytic Astrocytoma and a Prolactinoma: A Case Report of Collision Tumors and Literature Review.

Pituitary adenomas and gliomas constitute two of the most common primary intracranial tumors. However, their coexistence as collision tumors is relatively rare and few similar reports could be identified in the literature. In this study, we report a case of a 64-year-old male patient with a prolactinoma and a pilocytic astrocytoma in collision.

Glomerular Epithelial Cells-Targeted Heme Oxygenase-1 Over Expression in the Rat: Attenuation of Proteinuria in Secondary But Not Primary Injury.

Background/aims: Induction of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in glomerular epithelial cells (GEC) in response to injury is poor and this may be a disadvantage. We, therefore, explored whether HO-1 overexpression in GEC can reduce proteinuria induced by puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) or in anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody (Ab)-mediated glomerulonephritis (GN).

Methods: HO-1 overexpression in GEC (GECHO-1) of Sprague-Dawley rats was achieved by targeting a FLAG-human (h) HO-1 using transposon-mediated transgenesis.

Down-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p57 is mediated by Jab1/Csn5 in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Unlabelled: Down-regulation of p57 (KIP2) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors accelerates the growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), suggesting that p57 may play an important role in liver carcinogenesis. However, the mechanism or oncogenic signal leading to p57 down-regulation in HCC remains to be determined. Herein, we demonstrated that Jab1/Csn5 expression is negatively correlated with p57 levels in HCC tissues.