Altered serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-23A levels may be associated with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder.

In recent times, the pathogenesis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and the influence of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines on it have garnered considerable interest. Cytokine research, especially Th-17 cytokine research on GAD patients, is limited. Here, we aim to assess the role of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-23A (IL-23A) in the pathophysiology and development of GAD.

The pressing need for study on the effects of Mpox on the progression of vascular inflammation: A well-timed call.

Background: This article explored the possibility that the Mpox virus (MPXV) may initiate or stimulate the consequences of vascular inflammation. In 1970, it was discovered that Macaca cynomolgus primates infected with MPXV also infected humans in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Discussion: The study demonstrates that MPXV invades host cells via viral proteins and surface receptors, initiating the release of diverse inflammatory mediators such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL2, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10, and so forth probably through endothelial dysfunction by reactive oxygen species production.

Exploring the role of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly prevalent neuropsychiatric disorder. Recently, there has been a growing interest in investigating the association between pro-inflammatory cytokines and the pathogenesis of OCD. However, studies targeting interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in OCD are limited.

Response of Bangladesh to the World Health Organization call to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health issue: An observational report.

Background: Despite being preventable, cervical cancer remains a leading cause of mortality among Bangladeshi women. This article addresses the trends in Bangladesh's response to the World Health Organization's (WHO) request for the eradication of cervical cancer within the nation.

Discussion: When it comes to cervical cancer, healthcare institutions need to be concerned in terms of protocols for diagnosis and treatment, staff education, and available resources.

The current pathogenicity and potential risk evaluation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus to cause mysterious "Disease X"-An updated literature review.

Background And Aims: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe and potentially lethal illness. Tick bites of the Hyalomma genus are the primary source of transmission of CCHF to humans. The virus responsible for CCHF is the CCHF virus (CCHFV).

Association of interleukin-2 and interleukin-10 with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder: a case-control study.

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a devastating mental health condition characterized by constant, uncontrolled worrying. Recent hypotheses indicate that pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are potential contributors to the pathogenesis of GAD. Here, we aimed to assess the role of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the pathophysiology and development of GAD.

Evaluation of serum MIP-1β and MCP-2 levels in major depressive disorder: A case-control study.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating mental illness characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in daily activities. The objective of this study was to investigate whether levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) and macrophage chemoattractant protein-2 (MCP-2) in the blood were associated with the pathophysiology and development of MDD compared to healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: This case-control study was conducted involving 50 MDD patients and 38 HCs.

Immunization against dengue virus infection is coercive: A timely call.

Background: In context, the dengue virus causes dengue fever, which is spread by mosquito bites. About 22,000 people every year lose their lives as a direct result of it. Dengue fever has been on the rise recently, and its spread has alarmed health officials throughout the world.

Beyond polio: Exploring non-polio enteroviruses, global health preparedness, and the "Disease X" paradigm.

Background And Aims: Disease X represents the possibility that an unidentified infection may spread globally and start a pandemic. This study explored various aspects of emerging non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) as a possible source of "Disease X," an enigmatic agent declared by the World Health Organization, and discussed the potential impact of NPEVs on global public health.

Methods: In this perspective article, we collected information from publicly available sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus.

A perspective on the worst ever dengue outbreak 2023 in Bangladesh: What makes this old enemy so deadly, and how can we combat it?

Background And Aims: Bangladesh has been going through outbreaks of dengue fever cases every year since 2000. Yet this year's (2023) episode of dengue fever has crossed every line concerning fatality. Symptoms of the fever range from high fever, headaches, and muscle aches to deadly dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF).

Bioenergy-producing two-stage septic tank and floating wetland for onsite wastewater treatment: Circuit connection and external aeration.

This study designed a two-stage, electrode-integrated septic tank-floating wetland system and assessed their pollutant removal performances under variable operational conditions. The two-stage system achieved mean organic, nitrogen, phosphorus, and coliform removal percentages of 99, 78, 99, and 97%, respectively, throughout the experimental run. The mean metals (chromium, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, lead, iron, and manganese) removal percentages ranged between 81 and 98%.

Upsurge of dengue outbreaks in several WHO regions: Public awareness, vector control activities, and international collaborations are key to prevent spread.

Background: Dengue, the world's fastest-growing vector-borne disease, has skyrocketed in the 21st century. Dengue has harmed human health since its first known cases among Spanish soldiers in the Philippines to its 21st-century outbreaks in Southeast Asia, the Pacific, and the Americas. In light of the current circumstances, it is imperative to investigate its origin and prevalence, enabling the implementation of effective interventions to curb the upsurge.

Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Outbreak 2024 in Cambodia: Worries Over the Possible Spread of the Virus to Other Asian Nations and the Strategic Outlook for its Control.

Asia has been alarmed by the resurgence of avian influenza A (H5N1) in Cambodia in 2024. H5N1 could be swiftly transmitted by wild birds to poultry populations along their migration route via infection. Circulation of endemic H5N1 in Asian poultry facilitates recurrent human transmission.

An updated review on Guillain-Barré syndrome: Challenges in infection prevention and control in low- and middle-income countries.

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare condition that can be potentially life-threatening. Guillain-Barré syndrome does not have a definitive etiological agent. It is a syndrome that can arise from multiple factors, including various infectious diseases and immunizations.

Therapeutic potential of clinically proven natural products in the management of dementia.

Dementia is a common neurodegenerative disorder connected to damage to nerve cells in the brain. Although some conventional drugs are available for dementia treatments and are still sanctified for dementia patients, their short- and long-term side effects and other limitations make treating patients more challenging. The authors aimed to explain novel options for treating dementia with natural products and unravel some clinically proven natural products.

Approaches of dengue control: vaccine strategies and future aspects.

Dengue, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), affects millions of people worldwide every year. This virus has two distinct life cycles, one in the human and another in the mosquito, and both cycles are crucial to be controlled. To control the vector of DENV, the mosquito , scientists employed many techniques, which were later proved ineffective and harmful in many ways.

A comprehensive evaluation of the therapeutic potential of silibinin: a ray of hope in cancer treatment.

Natural compounds hold promise in the search for cancer therapies due to their unique chemical structures and combinations that may effectively combat cancer while minimizing toxicity and side effects compared to conventional treatments. Silibinin, a natural lignan, has been found to possess strong anti-cancer activity against several types of human cancers based on emerging research. This study aims to provide an overview of the therapeutic potential of silibinin in the treatment and prevention of cancers.

Phenolic compounds of Theobroma cacao L. show potential against dengue RdRp protease enzyme inhibition by In-silico docking, DFT study, MD simulation and MMGBSA calculation.

Background: Currently, there is no antiviral medication for dengue, a potentially fatal tropical infectious illness spread by two mosquito species, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The RdRp protease of dengue virus is a potential therapeutic target. This study focused on the in silico drug discovery of RdRp protease inhibitors.

The Current Pathogenicity and Potential Risk Evaluation of Marburg Virus to Cause Mysterious "Disease X"-An Update on Recent Evidences.

The World Health Organization (WHO) defined Disease X as an upcoming disease with the potential to cause a pandemic. Pathogen X is responsible for Disease X. Marburg virus disease (MVD) is one of the diseases from the priority disease list published by WHO.