Valorization of Rosehip ( L.) Pomace Using Unconventional Carbohydrate Carriers for Beverage Obtainment.

Rosehip is of notable scientific interest due to its rich content of bioactives and its wide-ranging applications in nutrition, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The valorization of rosehip by-products, such as pomace, is highly significant for promoting sustainability. This study investigates the development of rosehip-based powders and beverage prototypes derived from both juice and pomace to evaluate the potential use of pomace in instant beverage design and compare it with juice-based formulations.

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment using MRI analysis and machine learning algorithms.

Unlabelled: Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is crucial to prevent their progression. In this study, we proposed the analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based on features including; hippocampus (HC) area size, HC grayscale statistics and texture features (mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity, entropy), lateral ventricle (LV) area size, gray matter area size, white matter area size, cerebrospinal fluid area size, patient age, weight, and cognitive score. Five machine learning classifiers; K-nearest neighborhood (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and multi-layer perception (MLP) were used to distinguish between groups: cognitively normal (CN) vs AD, early MCI (EMCI) vs late MCI (LMCI), CN vs EMCI, CN vs LMCI, AD vs EMCI, and AD vs LMCI.

Advantages of Spray Drying over Freeze Drying: A Comparative Analysis of L. Juice Powders-Matrix Diversity and Bioactive Response.

The study investigated the impact of L. juice matrix modification and drying techniques on powder characteristics. The evaluation encompassed phenolics (514.

Key challenges in the advancement and industrialization of biobased and biodegradable plastics: a value chain overarching perspective.

At the International Symposium on Biodegradable Polymers (ISBP2022) in Sion, Switzerland, experts from academia and industry underscored the remarkable progress in biobased and biodegradable polymers (BBPs) since their initial commercialization around 50 years ago. Despite significant advancements, the technology readiness level (TRL), market adoption, and industrialization of BBPs is not yet competitive to conventional plastics. In this perspective, we summarize the challenges and requirements for advancing the development and industrialization of BBPs, drawing insights from international experts coming from academia and industry, who had participated in the survey and podium discussion during the ISBP2022.

Towards interactive explanation-based nutrition virtual coaching systems.

The awareness about healthy lifestyles is increasing, opening to personalized intelligent health coaching applications. A demand for more than mere suggestions and mechanistic interactions has driven attention to nutrition virtual coaching systems (NVC) as a bridge between human-machine interaction and recommender, informative, persuasive, and argumentation systems. NVC can rely on data-driven opaque mechanisms.

Multimodal video and IMU kinematic dataset on daily life activities using affordable devices.

Human activity recognition and clinical biomechanics are challenging problems in physical telerehabilitation medicine. However, most publicly available datasets on human body movements cannot be used to study both problems in an out-of-the-lab movement acquisition setting. The objective of the VIDIMU dataset is to pave the way towards affordable patient gross motor tracking solutions for daily life activities recognition and kinematic analysis.

A novel point-of-care diagnostic prototype system for the simultaneous electrochemiluminescent sensing of multiple traumatic brain injury biomarkers.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are typically acquired when a sudden violent event causes damage to the brain tissue. A high percentage (70-85%) of all TBI patients are suffering from mild TBI (mTBI), which is often difficult to detect and diagnose with standard imaging tools (MRI, CT scan) due to the absence of significant lesions and specific symptoms. Recent studies suggest that a screening test based on the measurement of a protein biomarker panel directly from a patient's blood can facilitate mTBI diagnosis.

Opening the black box of traumatic brain injury: a holistic approach combining human 3D neural tissue and an traumatic brain injury induction device.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by a wide range of physical events and can induce an even larger spectrum of short- to long-term pathophysiologies. Neuroscientists have relied on animal models to understand the relationship between mechanical damages and functional alterations of neural cells. These and animal-based models represent important approaches to mimic traumas on whole brains or organized brain structures but are not fully representative of pathologies occurring after traumas on human brain parenchyma.

Juice Powders from Rosehip ( L.): Physical, Chemical, and Antiglycation Properties.

Fruits from rosehip ( L.) are gaining popularity due to their content and profile of bioactive components. Rosehip is distinct for its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties.

The effect of dechitinization on iron absorption from mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) flour added to maize meals: stable-isotope studies in young females with low iron stores.

Background: Edible insects have a low ecological footprint and could serve as an alternative dietary iron source. However, chitin, a major component of insects, avidly binds iron and might inhibit iron absorption.

Objectives: We aimed to measure fractional iron absorption (FIA) from Tenebrio molitor-based test meals with and without dechitinization, and to assess the effect of native and low chitin T.

Versatile aliphatic polyester biosynthesis system for producing random and block copolymers composed of 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-hydroxyalkanoates using the sequence-regulating polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase PhaC.

Background: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polyesters synthesized by PHA synthases. Naturally occurring PHA copolymers possess a random monomer sequence. The development of PhaC, a unique sequence-regulating PHA synthase, has enabled the spontaneous biosynthesis of PHA block copolymers.

H NMR spectrometry for methanol quantification in apple wines and ciders as optimised by comparison to SIDA-HS-GC-MS.

Methanol, a hepato- and neurotoxic compound, is present in apple-based beverages as a by-product of the enzymatic degradation of pectin. Stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is the state-of-the-art method for methanol determination in beverages. Despite higher initial investment costs, quantitative H NMR spectroscopy (qNMR) is a simpler and faster analytical technique to quantify numerous analytes in liquid foods.

Towards a Point-of-Care (POC) Diagnostic Platform for the Multiplex Electrochemiluminescent (ECL) Sensing of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) Biomarkers.

Globally, 70 million people are annually affected by TBI. A significant proportion of all TBI cases are actually mild TBI (concussion, 70-85%), which is considerably more difficult to diagnose due to the absence of apparent symptoms. Current clinical practice of diagnosing mTBI largely resides on the patients' history, clinical aspects, and CT and MRI neuroimaging observations.

Assessment of Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Technology on the Bioactivity of .

The present study challenges the assessment of cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) technology on the bioactive activity (antioxidant/antiaging and antimicrobial potential) of powder, using as an animal model. Surface microdischarge cold atmospheric pressure plasma (SMD-CAPP) treatment was 3.3 W discharge power for 7 min.

Directed Evolution of Sequence-Regulating Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthase to Synthesize a Medium-Chain-Length-Short-Chain-Length (MCL-SCL) Block Copolymer.

Sequence-regulating polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase PhaC is a chimeric enzyme comprising PhaCs from and (). It spontaneously synthesizes a short-chain-length (SCL, ≤C) block copolymer poly(2-hydroxybutyrate)--poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(2HB)--P(3HB)] from a mixture of monomer substrates. In this study, directed evolution of PhaC was performed to increase its activity toward a medium-chain-length (MCL, C) monomer, 3-hydroxyhexanoyl (3HHx)-coenzyme A (CoA).

4 Swiss Symposium in Point-of-Care Diagnostics held at the Davos Conference Center on 21 October, 2021.

After last year's successful online symposium, the 4 edition of the Swiss Symposium in POC Diagnostics gathered more than 150 participants from medicine, industry and science as well as from different European countries to meet at the Davos Conference Center for an exciting program with 13 expert speakers, a poster session and a product & technology exhibition. The mandatory COVID-certificate to access the event has allowed people to meet (again at last!), network and share their views and success stories in the field of POC Diagnostics that continues to be propelled by digitalization, new technological possibilities, user needs and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Digitalization in Processes.

Digitalization is having an increasing impact on all industrial sectors, including the chemical and biotechnological industries. Aiming for innovative research and development, the Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences play a pivotal role in transferring academic knowledge and know-how to industrial practice. We review selected examples of projects related to the digitalization of processes and bioprocesses at four different institutions across Switzerland.

Electrochemical sensing of blood proteins for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) diagnostics and prognostics: towards a point-of-care application.

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) being one of the principal causes of death and acquired disability in the world imposes a large burden on the global economy. Mild TBI (mTBI) is particularly challenging to assess due to the frequent lack of well-pronounced post-injury symptoms. However, if left untreated mTBI (especially when repetitive) can lead to serious long-term implications such as cognitive and neuropathological disorders.

"You Should Maybe Work Together a Little Bit": Formulating Requests in Interprofessional Interactions.

Based on an empirical analysis of video-recorded collaborative practice situations, this article looks at different ways in which a health professional can direct a request to another professional with the aim that he or she performs an action. Using a corpus of video-recorded interactions in different institutional settings and types of situations, it looks at how requests are formulated, showing that they can range from authoritative to mitigated, direct to indirect, and explicit to implicit. The study shows that professionals use a great deal of strategies to preserve politeness and each other's right not to be told what to do, aiming at mitigating the "face-threatening" aspect of requests.

Biosynthesis of Random-Homo Block Copolymer Poly[Glycolate--3-Hydroxybutyrate (3HB)]--Poly(3HB) Using Sequence-Regulating Chimeric Polyhydroxyalkanoate Synthase in .

Glycolate (GL)-containing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) was synthesized in expressing the engineered chimeric PHA synthase PhaC and coenzyme A transferase. The cells produced poly[GL--3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB)] with the supplementation of GL and 3HB, thus demonstrating that PhaC is the first known class I PHA synthase that is capable of incorporating GL units. The triad sequence analysis using H nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that the obtained polymer was composed of two distinct regions, a P(GL--3HB) random segment and P(3HB) homopolymer segment.

Assessment of Pharmacological Profile of Low Molecular Weight Oligo-Hydroxyalkanoates.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a large class of polyesters that are biosynthesized by microorganisms at large molecular weights ( > 80 kDa) and have a great potential for medical applications because of their recognized biocompatibility. Among PHAs, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(4-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(4-hydroxyvalerate), and their copolymers are proposed to be used in biomedicine, but only poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) has been certified for medical application. Along with the hydrolysis of these polymers, low molecular weight oligomers are released typically.

A microfluidic platform for in situ investigation of biofilm formation and its treatment under controlled conditions.

Background: Studying bacterial adhesion and early biofilm development is crucial for understanding the physiology of sessile bacteria and forms the basis for the development of novel antimicrobial biomaterials. Microfluidics technologies can be applied in such studies since they permit dynamic real-time analysis and a more precise control of relevant parameters compared to traditional static and flow chamber assays. In this work, we aimed to establish a microfluidic platform that permits real-time observation of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under precisely controlled homogeneous laminar flow conditions.

Poly(4-Hydroxybutyrate): Current State and Perspectives.

By the end of 1980s, for the first time polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) copolymers with incorporated 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) units were produced in the bacterium (formally ) from structurally related carbon sources. After that, production of PHA copolymers composed of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 4HB [P(3HB--4HB)] was demonstrated in diverse wild-type bacteria. The P4HB homopolymer, however, was hardly synthesized because existing bacterial metabolism on 4HB precursors also generate and incorporate 3HB.

A Methodological Safe-by-Design Approach for the Development of Nanomedicines.

Safe-by-Design (SbD) concepts foresee the risk identification and reduction as well as uncertainties regarding human health and environmental safety in early stages of product development. The EU's NANoREG project and further on the H2020 ProSafe initiative, NanoReg2, and CALIBRATE projects have developed a general SbD approach for nanotechnologies (e.g.