Predictors of improvement in disease activity in childhood and adolescent Crohn's disease: an analysis of age, localization, initial severity and drug therapy - data from the Saxon Registry for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children in Germany (2000-2014).

The escalating worldwide prevalence of Crohn's disease (CD) among children and adolescents, coupled with a trend toward earlier onset, presents significant challenges for healthcare systems. Moreover, the chronicity of this condition imposes substantial individual burdens. Consequently, the principal objective of CD treatment revolves around rapid inducing remission.

Exploring the heteroanionic 2D materials RhSeCl and RhTeCl as promising semiconductor materials.

Heteroanionic materials show promising potential as 2D semiconductors due to their tunable band gaps, making them excellent candidates for photocatalytic water splitting applications. We conducted detailed theoretical and experimental analysis of two selected materials by synthesizing crystals through chemical vapor transport and investigating the impact of anion variation on crystal structure and properties. Using powder X-ray diffraction and convergent beam electron diffraction, we elucidated the non-centrosymmetric space groups of these compounds.

Microplastic analysis in sediments of the Elbe River by electrostatic separation and differential scanning calorimetry.

This study presents the most extensive investigation of microplastic (MP) contents in sediment from the Elbe River. We employed electrostatic separation (ES) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to overcome limitations of sample throughput and time-consuming analysis. In total 43 sediment samples were collected using a Van-Veen grab.

Regression analysis for the determination of microplastics in sediments using differential scanning calorimetry.

This research addresses the growing need for fast and cost-efficient methods for microplastic (MP) analysis. We present a thermo-analytical method that enables the identification and quantification of different polymer types in sediment and sand composite samples based on their phase transition behavior. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was performed, and the results were evaluated by using different regression models.

Bioluminescence - The Vibrant Glow of Nature and its Chemical Mechanisms.

Bioluminescence, the mesmerizing natural phenomenon where living organisms produce light through chemical reactions, has long captivated scientists and laypersons alike, offering a rich tapestry of insights into biological function, ecology, evolution as well as the underlying chemistry. This comprehensive introductory review systematically explores the phenomenon of bioluminescence, addressing its historical context, geographic dispersion, and ecological significance with a focus on their chemical mechanisms. Our examination begins with terrestrial bioluminescence, discussing organisms from different habitats.

Natural Product Isolation of the Extract of Cleome rupicola Fruits Exhibiting Antioxidant Activity.

Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide, however, there is currently no drug-based treatment. Plants that exhibit antioxidant properties have shown promising anticataract effects, likely because they supplement the activity of glutathione, the major antioxidant in lens cells. An extract of Cleome rupicola, a desert plant found in the United Arab Emirates, has traditionally been used to treat cataracts.

A systematic review and meta-regression on international trends in the incidence of ulcerative colitis in children and adolescents associated with socioeconomic and geographic factors.

Unlabelled: The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) among children and adolescents is rising globally, albeit with notable discrepancies across countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the incidence rates of pediatric UC in various countries and explore potential influencing factors. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and EMBASE (via OVID) for studies published between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 2019.

Growth development of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease in the period 2000-2014 based on data of the Saxon pediatric IBD registry: a population-based study.

Background: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is on the increase worldwide. Growth disorders are common in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this paper is to investigate anthropometric indicators, including height and weight in children with inflammatory bowel disease in Saxony, one of the German federal states, and to evaluate growth trends in patients by comparing their height and weight with that of healthy children in Germany.

Tracheal airway pressure in tracheostomy tube capping trials: an experimental study.

Background: Tracheostomy tube capping is a commonly used test to determine if the tracheostomy tube can be removed. The success of the capping trial depends on the patient's ability to maintain sufficient spontaneous breathing with an occluded tracheostomy tube. The impact of an occluded tracheotomy tube on airway resistance is currently unknown.

How Important Is the Internal Hydrophobicity of Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Separation of Water/Alcohol Mixtures?

Short-chain alcohols obtained by fermentation will play a key role in the industrial transformation toward green chemistry because of their use as fuel additives and fuels or for their conversion into olefins. The fermentation broth is often a highly diluted aqueous solution that requires separation, for instance, by liquid phase adsorption in nanoporous materials. However, entropy effects that prefer the adsorption of water might significantly reduce the separation efficiency─even in nanoporous materials with internal hydrophobicity.

Label-Free Physical Techniques and Methodologies for Proteins Detection in Microfluidic Biosensor Structures.

Proteins in biological fluids (blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid) are important biomarkers of various pathological conditions. Protein biomarkers detection and quantification have been proven to be an indispensable diagnostic tool in clinical practice. There is a growing tendency towards using portable diagnostic biosensor devices for point-of-care (POC) analysis based on microfluidic technology as an alternative to conventional laboratory protein assays.

MOF-VR: A Virtual Reality Program for Performing and Visualizing Immersive Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Guest Molecules in Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Molecular dynamics simulations are useful to study diffusion of guest molecules in metal-organic frameworks. The interpretation of the generated three-dimensional trajectories is often difficult, because most visualization tools only allow two-dimensional projections. To facilitate interpretation, we present MOF-VR: a virtual reality program for performing interactive molecular dynamics simulations in metal-organic frameworks and visualizing atomic or molecular trajectories.

New records of soldier flies from Iran with a current checklist and taxonomic notes to some species (Diptera: Stratiomyidae).

Soldier fly records of Iran belonging to six species are presented, which includes the first record of Odontomyia annulata (Meigen, 1822) and another record of Adoxomyia cinerascens (Loew, 1873). Odontomyia annulata shows some morphological differences from the description found in the literature. With the addition of O.

Amino acid digestibility and metabolisable energy of spring and winter faba beans grown on two sites and effects of dehulling in caecectomised laying hens.

Background: The variation in amino acid (AA) digestibility and metabolisable energy (ME ) in four spring and four winter faba bean genotypes differing in vicine/convicine (V/C) concentrations grown on two sites was investigated in caecectomised LSL-Classic laying hens. Effects of dehulling one faba bean genotype were also examined. Diets containing one out of 17 faba bean variants each and a basal diet were fed to ten caecectomised laying hens in a row-column design to achieve five replicates per diet.

Removal of sugars in wastewater from food production through heterotrophic growth of .

The unicellular extremophilic red alga is capable of chemoheterotrophy and its growth has been investigated on some defined and undefined substrates. In this study, the removal of sugars in wastewater from fruit-salad production with strain SAG 21.92 was analyzed.

Sampling and processing methods of microplastics in river sediments - A review.

Microplastics (MP) in marine environments attract widespread attention due to their small particle size and potential hazardous impacts on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Compared to marine sediments, knowledge about the occurrence of MP in freshwater sediments, especially in river sediments, is limited. Although MP concentrations in sediments and soils have been reported in a considerable number of studies, no standardized method is available for sampling and sample processing.

Do Internal and External Surfaces of Metal-Organic Frameworks Have the Same Hydrophobicity? Insights from Molecular Simulations.

Reliable information on the hydrophobicity of porous materials is important in the design of many catalytic and separation processes. In general, hydrophobicity is assessed by measuring the contact angle of water (external surface) or the adsorption isotherm of water (internal surface). However, it is not clear how these different assessments are related.

Microalgae wastewater treatment: Biological and technological approaches.

Current global environmental issues raise unavoidable challenges for our use of natural resources. Supplying the human population with clean water is becoming a global problem. Numerous organic and inorganic impurities in municipal, industrial, and agricultural waters, ranging from microplastics to high nutrient loads and heavy metals, endanger our nutrition and health.

Disinfection for decentralized wastewater reuse in rural areas through wetlands and solar driven onsite chlorination.

Increasing water scarcity is of growing concern in Europe, especially in Mediterranean countries along coastlines. Wastewater reuse reduces water stress, but often requires the absence of pathogen indicators and the application of chlorine to assure residual disinfection. However, the effluent qualities of typical Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) show immense chlorine demands.

Arsenic Removal from Groundwater by Solar Driven Inline-Electrolytic Induced Co-Precipitation and Filtration-A Long Term Field Test Conducted in West Bengal.

Arsenic contamination in drinking water resources is of major concern in the Ganga delta plains of West Bengal in India and Bangladesh. Here, several laboratory and field studies on arsenic removal from drinking water resources were conducted in the past and the application of strong-oxidant-induced co-precipitation of arsenic on iron hydroxides is still considered as the most promising mechanism. This paper suggests an autonomous, solar driven arsenic removal setting and presents the findings of a long term field test conducted in West Bengal.

Application of risk-based assessment and management to riverbank filtration sites in India.

This is the first reported study of a riverbank filtration (RBF) scheme to be assessed following the Australian Guidelines for Managed Aquifer Recharge. A comprehensive staged approach to assess the risks from 12 hazards to human health and the environment has been undertaken. Highest risks from untreated ground and Ganga River water were identified with pathogens, turbidity, iron, manganese, total dissolved solids and total hardness.