Trend of Ultraprocessed Product Intake Is Associated with the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Mexican Children and Adolescents.

Background: Ultraprocessed products (UPPs) have been associated with unfavorable health outcomes; however, until now, they have not been associated with the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition, known as the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) at the individual level.

Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were performed on data collected from children and adolescents participating in the 2006 and 2016 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys. The food and beverages reported in the food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) were classified as UPPs as defined by the NOVA classification system.

Chemopreventive Effect on Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells of Styrylquinolines: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, Proapoptotic Effect and Molecular Docking Analysis.

Seven styrylquinolines were synthesized in this study. Two of these styrylquinolines are new and were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The chemopreventive potential of these compounds was evaluated against SW480 human colon adenocarcinoma cells, its metastatic derivative SW620, and normal cells (HaCaT).

Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Non-PCV13 Pneumococcal Serotypes among Vaccinated Children in Cape Coast, Ghana.

Preventive strategies involving the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are known to drastically reduce pneumococcal disease. However, PCV vaccination has been plagued with serotype replacement by non-PCV serotypes. In this study, we describe the prevalence and molecular characteristics of non-PCV13 serotypes (non-vaccine serotypes, NVTs) from pneumococcal carriage isolates obtained from children < 5 years old in Cape Coast, Ghana, after PCV introduction.

Formamidase Contributes to Fungal Survival in Macrophages.

Nitrogen is a crucial nutrient for microorganisms that compose essential biomolecules. However, hosts limit this nutrient as a strategy to counter infections, therefore, pathogens use adaptive mechanisms to uptake nitrogen from alternative sources. In fungi, nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR) activates transcription factors to acquire nitrogen from alternative sources when preferential sources are absent.

Carotenoids Modulate the Thermotropic Phase Behavior of Model Systems That Mimic Its Membrane Composition.

() is a pathogenic gram-positive bacterium that normally resides in the skin and nose of the human body. It is subject to fluctuations in environmental conditions that may affect the integrity of the membrane. produces carotenoids, which act as antioxidants.

Characterization and application of a coating of starch extracted from avocado ( L. cv. Hass) seeds as an alternative to reduce acrylamide content in French fries.

The starch extracted from avocado ( L. cv. Hass) seeds was characterized and used in the preparation of an edible coating to reduce the oil uptake and acrylamide content in French fries.

COMET Assay for Detection of DNA Damage During Axolotl Tail Regeneration.

The purpose of this chapter is to evaluate DNA damage during axolotl tail regeneration using an alkaline comet assay. Our method details the isolation of cells from regenerating and non-regenerating tissues and the isolation of peripheral blood for single-cell gel electrophoresis. Also, we detail each of the steps for the development of the comet assay technique which includes mounting the isolated cells on an agarose matrix, alkaline electrophoresis, and DNA damage detection.

Prospective analysis of clinical evolution in chronic urticaria: Persistence, remission, recurrence, and pruritus alone.

Background: Population and study's methodology heterogenicity became clinical evolution of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) highly variable.

Objective: In a prospective cohort, we evaluated the different pathways of clinical evolution of CSU and identified possible risk factors.

Methods: A total of 685 CSU patients (>12 years) were prospectively followed over 5 years.

A multi-lab test of the facial feedback hypothesis by the Many Smiles Collaboration.

Following theories of emotional embodiment, the facial feedback hypothesis suggests that individuals' subjective experiences of emotion are influenced by their facial expressions. However, evidence for this hypothesis has been mixed. We thus formed a global adversarial collaboration and carried out a preregistered, multicentre study designed to specify and test the conditions that should most reliably produce facial feedback effects.

Protocol for iterative optimization of modified peptides bound to protein targets.

Peptides are commonly used as therapeutic agents. However, they suffer from easy degradation and instability. Replacing natural by non-natural amino acids can avoid these problems, and potentially improve the affinity towards the target protein.

Physicians' beliefs about brain surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy: A global survey.

Purpose: To investigate the opinions of physicians about brain surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy worldwide.

Methods: Practicing neurologists, psychiatrists, and neurosurgeons from around the world were invited to participate in an online survey. The survey anonymously collected data about demographics, years in clinical practice, discipline, nation, work setting, and answers to the questions about beliefs and attitudes about brain surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Whole-Genome Sequencing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates with Antimicrobial Resistance Plasmids from a Homeless Community in Colombia.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a pathogenic bacterium causing sexually transmitted infections, and it is associated with high antibiotic resistance rates. Here, we describe the genome sequences of four isolates from a homeless community in Colombia.

Drying kinetics and sensory characteristics of dehydrated pumpkin seeds () obtained by refractance window drying.

The current importance of pumpkin () in national food security has progressively encouraged research on this fruit. This is how pumpkin seeds constitute a potential raw material to obtain dehydrated products for direct consumption. In this research, we compared the drying kinetics, effective diffusivity ( ) and sensory perception in a non-trained panel of dehydrated pumpkin seeds through refractance window drying (RW) and convective air drying (CA).

Food Processing and Risk of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: A European Prospective Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Industrial foods have been associated with increased risks of several chronic conditions. We investigated the relationship between the degree of food processing and risks of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.

Methods: Analyses included 413,590 participants (68.

Effect of the Concentration, pH, and Ca Ions on the Rheological Properties of Concentrate Proteins from Quinoa, Lentil, and Black Bean.

Given consumer trends propelling a movement toward using plant protein in the food industry and searching for alternative protein ingredients by the industry, this study aimed to assess the influence of factors such as protein concentration, medium pH, and the presence of a divalent ion (Ca) upon the rheological properties such as viscosity change and gel formation of dispersion proteins extracted from quinoa, black beans, and lentils. A solution of each protein was prepared by varying its concentration (2.5%, 5.

UEG and EAES rapid guideline: Update systematic review, network meta-analysis, CINeMA and GRADE assessment, and evidence-informed European recommendations on surgical management of GERD.

Background: There are several options for the surgical management of GERD in adults. Previous guidelines and systematic reviews have compared the effects of total fundoplication versus pooled effects of different techniques of partial fundoplication.

Objective: To develop evidence-informed, trustworthy, pertinent recommendations on the use of total, posterior partial and anterior partial fundoplications for the management of GERD in adults.

Development of a Clinical Practice Guideline for Lower Limb Amputees. A Knowledge Translation Process in a Middle Income Country.

Background And Aim: Knowledge translation processes are necessary for improving patients' and communities' health outcomes. The aim of this study was to systematically develop evidence-based recommendations for people over 16 years of age who are in risk for or have suffered a lower limb amputation for medical reasons (vascular, diabetes mellitus) or trauma (civilian or military trauma) in order to improve function, quality of life, decrease complications and morbidity.

Methods: Following the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach we developed a Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for lower limb amputees with funding from the Ministry of Health in Colombia and participation of a multidisciplinary group.

Countries Response for People With Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: During the Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, isolation and prevention measures to reduce COVID-19 contagions are essential for the care of all people; these measures should comply with the principles of inclusion and accessibility for people with disabilities (PWD), with all kinds of deficiencies and levels of dependency. Thereby, the aim of this article is to present the measures adopted for PWD or people with rehabilitation needs, for containment, mitigation, or suppression of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in different countries of all continents and of all income levels.

Methods: A narrative approach was used in this article.

Improving the accuracy of beef cattle methane inventories in Latin America and Caribbean countries.

On-farm methane (CH) emissions need to be estimated accurately so that the mitigation effect of recommended practices can be accounted for. In the present study prediction equations for enteric CH have been developed in lieu of expensive animal measurement approaches. Our objectives were to: (1) compile a dataset from individual beef cattle data for the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region; (2) determine main predictors of CH emission variables; (3) develop and cross-validate prediction models according to dietary forage content (DFC); and (4) compare the predictive ability of these newly-developed models with extant equations reported in literature, including those currently used for CH inventories in LAC countries.

Neuromuscular blocking agents in the intensive care unit.

Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) are a controversial therapeutic option in the approach to the critically ill patient. They are not innocuous, and the available evidence does not support their routine use in the intensive care unit. If necessary, monitoring protocols should be established to avoid residual relaxation, adverse effects, and associated complications.

Multidisciplinary Heart Failure Care Program: An Experience From Colombia.

The prevalence of Heart Failure is growing alarmingly; its treatment consumes health resources and affects the quality of life of patients. To describe the changes in NYHA functional Class, ejection fraction, hospitalizations, and mortality after 8 years of follow up in a multidisciplinary heart failure program in Colombia as a model for lower and middle income countries. An observational study was performed with the retrospective analysis of the information.

Potential reductions in ultra-processed food consumption substantially improve population cardiometabolic-related dietary nutrient profiles in eight countries.

Background And Aims: The negative effect on dietary nutrient profiles is the most obvious mechanism explaining the higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases associated with increased dietary share of UPF observed in large cohort studies. We estimate the proportion of diets with excessive energy density, excessive free sugars or saturated fat contents and insufficient fiber that could be avoided, if UPF consumption was reduced to levels among lowest consumers across eight countries, as well as the proportion of diets with multiple inadequacies.

Methods And Results: Using nationally-representative cross-sectional surveys from Brazil (2008-09), Chile (2010), Colombia (2005), Mexico (2012), Australia (2011-12), the UK (2008-16), Canada (2015), and the US (2015-16), inadequate energy density (≥2.

Usefulness of C-Reactive Protein and Clinical Characteristics in Identifying Severe Bacterial Infection in Children with Fever without Source.

Objective: Fever continues to be the most frequent cause of care in the pediatric population. The uses of invasive and unnecessary tests result in discomfort to the patients. Local epidemiological data could help to refine screening strategies, especially in low resources settings.