Signatures for viral infection and inflammation in the proximal olfactory system in familial Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by deficits in olfaction and olfactory pathology preceding diagnosis of dementia. Here we analyzed differential gene and protein expression in the olfactory bulb (OB) and tract (OT) of familial AD (FAD) individuals carrying the autosomal dominant presenilin 1 E280A mutation. Compared to control, FAD OT had increased immunostaining for β-amyloid (Aβ) and CD68 in high and low myelinated regions, as well as increased immunostaining for Iba1 in the high myelinated region.

Understanding the Biophysical Interaction of LTX-315 with Tumoral Model Membranes.

Host defense peptides are found primarily as natural antimicrobial agents among all lifeforms. These peptides and their synthetic derivatives have been extensively studied for their potential use as therapeutic agents. The most accepted mechanism of action of these peptides is related to a nonspecific mechanism associated with their interaction with the negatively charged groups present in membranes, inducing bilayer destabilization and cell death through several routes.

High genetic diversity and zoonotic potential of Staphylococcus aureus strains recovered from bovine intramammary infections in Colombians dairy herds.

Genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitis has become a fundamental tool to understand its complex epidemiology and to evaluate spillover events. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of genotypes of the S. aureus strains isolated from intramammary infections by spa typing technique, and to evaluate the association between genotypes and the ability to form biofilm under in vitro conditions.

Nasal Provocation Challenges with Aedes aegypti Whole-Body Extract Induces Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Exposure to mosquitoes in the Tropics is perennial, and their somatic and saliva antigens have shown IgE binding capacity, although it is not clear whether this is due to cross-reactivity or primary sensitization. Inhalation of these allergens could trigger an allergic response.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of sensitization to Aedes aegypti in a group of patients with allergic rhinitis.

and study of an exclusive insertion in the nicotinamide/nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferase from .

The intracellular parasite is the causal agent of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, a group of endemic diseases in tropical regions, including Latin America. New therapeutic targets are required to inhibit the pathogen without affecting the host. The enzyme nicotinamide/nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT; EC: 2.

Validation of the Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT) questionnaire for adults.

Background: The Collaborative Outcome study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT; www.coh-fit.com) is an anonymous and global online survey measuring health and functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Recombinant expression and antigenicity of two peptide families of neurotoxins from sp.

Background: Scorpion neurotoxins such as those that modify the mammalian voltage-gated sodium ion channels (Nav) are the main responsible for scorpion envenomation. Their neutralization is crucial in the production of antivenoms against scorpion stings.

Methods: In the present study, two designed genes - one that codes for a native neurotoxin from the venom of the Anatolian scorpion named Acra 4 - and another non-native toxin - named consensus scorpion toxin (SccTx) obtained from the alignment of the primary structures of the most toxic neurotoxins from the Middle Eastern and North African scorpions - were recombinantly expressed in Origami.

Healthcare Disparities in Atopic Dermatitis in Latin America: A Narrative Review.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, pruritic skin disease caused by a mixture of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, characterized by periods of inflammation and remission. In Latin America (LA), the prevalence of AD ranges up to 25% in children and 1-3% in adults. The natural history of the disease for most patients is that AD goes into remission in adolescence and adult life.

Plasmodium infection is associated with cross-reactive antibodies to carbohydrate epitopes on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.

Sero-surveillance can monitor and project disease burden and risk. However, SARS-CoV-2 antibody test results can produce false positive results, limiting their efficacy as a sero-surveillance tool. False positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody results are associated with malaria exposure, and understanding this association is essential to interpret sero-surveillance results from malaria-endemic countries.

Heterologous Expression and Immunogenic Potential of the Most Abundant Phospholipase A from Coral Snake to Develop Antivenoms.

is a coral snake of clinic interest in Colombia. Its venom is mainly composed of phospholipases A being MdumPLA the most abundant protein. Nevertheless, species produce a low quantity of venom, which makes it difficult to produce anticoral antivenoms.

Getting ahead of the game: in-hospital initiation of HFrEF therapies.

Hospitalizations for heart failure (HF) have become a global problem worldwide. Each episode of HF decompensation may lead to deleterious short- and long- term consequences, but on the other hand is an unique opportunity to adjust the heart failure pharmacotherapy. Thus, in-hospital and an early post-discharge period comprise an optimal timing for initiation and optimization of the comprehensive management of HF.

Study of potential inhibition of the estrogen receptor α by cannabinoids using an in silico approach: Agonist vs antagonist mechanism.

Breast cancer is the main cancer type with more than 2.2 million cases in 2020, and is the principal cause of death in women; with 685000 deaths in 2020 worldwide. The estrogen receptor is involved at least in 70% of breast cancer diagnoses, and the agonist and antagonist properties of the drug in this receptor play a pivotal role in the control of this illness.

Glomerulonephritis Secondary to Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia that Resolved after Induction Therapy.

The association of glomerulonephritis and malignant hematological disease is uncommon, but well known in chronic leukemias, lymphomas, and monoclonal gammopathies. However, only a few cases of glomerulonephritis and acute myeloid leukemia have been reported in the literature. We describe the first case of a genetically diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia presenting with nephrotic range proteinuria that resolved with induction therapy with ATRA and ATO and performed a comprehensive review of the literature.

Inborn errors of OAS-RNase L in SARS-CoV-2-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare and severe condition that follows benign COVID-19. We report autosomal recessive deficiencies of , , or in five unrelated children with MIS-C. The cytosolic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-sensing OAS1 and OAS2 generate 2'-5'-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A) that activate the single-stranded RNA-degrading ribonuclease L (RNase L).

Iberian wild leporidae as hosts of zoonotic enteroparasites in Mediterranean ecosystems of Southern Spain.

Wild lagomorphs including rabbits and hares can act as natural carriers or reservoirs of bacterial and parasitic zoonotic diseases. However, little is known on the epidemiology and potential public health significance of intestinal eukaryotes in wild leporids. We examined faecal samples from European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus, n = 438) and Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis, n = 111) collected in the Autonomous Region of Andalusia in southern Spain during 2012-2021.

Ultra-processed foods consumption and diet quality among preschool children and women of reproductive age from Argentina.

Objective: To assess the association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and diet quality among preschool children and women of reproductive age from Argentina.

Design: Cross-sectional and nationally representative survey. The food items were classified according to the NOVA system.

A Mycobacterium tuberculosis fingerprint in human breath allows tuberculosis detection.

An estimated one-third of tuberculosis (TB) cases go undiagnosed or unreported. Sputum samples, widely used for TB diagnosis, are inefficient at detecting infection in children and paucibacillary patients. Indeed, developing point-of-care biomarker-based diagnostics that are not sputum-based is a major priority for the WHO.

Field-Driven Magnetic Phase Diagram and Vortex Stability in Fe Nanometric Square Prisms.

In this work, we deal with the zero temperature hysteretic properties of iron (Fe) quadrangular nanoprisms and the size conditions underlying magnetic vortex states formation. Different aspect ratios of a square base prism of thickness with free boundary conditions were considered in order to summarize our results in a proposal of a field-driven magnetic phase diagram where such vortex states are stable along the hysteresis loops. To do that, a Hamiltonian consisting of exchange, magnetostatic, Zeeman and cubic anisotropy energies was considered.

Inhibitory Effects of Varespladib, CP471474, and Their Potential Synergistic Activity on and Venoms.

Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease that causes extensive mortality and morbidity in rural communities. Antivenim sera are the currently approved therapy for snake bites; however, they have some therapeutic limitations that have been extensively documented. Recently, small molecule toxin inhibitors have received significant attention as potential alternatives or co-adjuvant to immunoglobulin-based snakebite therapies.

Glycan-Based Electrochemical Biosensors: Promising Tools for the Detection of Infectious Diseases and Cancer Biomarkers.

Glycan-based electrochemical biosensors are emerging as analytical tools for determining multiple molecular targets relevant to diagnosing infectious diseases and detecting cancer biomarkers. These biosensors allow for the detection of target analytes at ultra-low concentrations, which is mandatory for early disease diagnosis. Nanostructure-decorated platforms have been demonstrated to enhance the analytical performance of electrochemical biosensors.

A Comprehensive Mixed Methods Approach for Studying the Quality of Life of Colombian Periodontists.

This study analyzed the association of the sociodemographic, labor, and health conditions on the quality of life (QOL) of the periodontists in Colombia. A mixed study (explanatory sequential design) was conducted. The first quantitative phase was carried out by a cross-sectional survey (n = 187; 60.

Evaluation of the Access Bio CareStart rapid SARS-CoV-2 antigen test in asymptomatic individuals tested at a community mass-testing program in Western Massachusetts.

Point-of-care antigen-detecting rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represent a scalable tool for surveillance of active SARS-CoV-2 infections in the population. Data on the performance of these tests in real-world community settings are paramount to guide their implementation to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the performance characteristics of the CareStart COVID-19 Antigen test (CareStart) in a community testing site in Holyoke, Massachusetts.

Evaluation of the electrochemical response of using screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) modified with oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in water - Nafion®.

The evaluation of the electrochemical determination of was carried out using a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with Nafion-dispersed oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (OMWCNT). The morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), showing a complete modification of the surface with the nanotubes and yeast interaction with them instead of the graphite surface. The redox couple Fe(CN) /Fe(CN) was used to determine the electroactive area, the heterogeneous transfer constant, and the Nafion® effect.