Breakfast Size and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Spanish Cohort.

Background: Recent evidence suggest that energy distribution during the daytimecould be a potential determinant for the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Objective: To cross-sectionally assess the association between breakfast size and the prevalence of MetS in Spanish adults.

Methods: Our study included a subset of 3644 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Spain study recontacted between 2017-2018.

Dietary intake of total, heme and non-heme iron and the risk of colorectal cancer in a European prospective cohort study.

Background: Iron is an essential micronutrient with differing intake patterns and metabolism between men and women. Epidemiologic evidence on the association of dietary iron and its heme and non-heme components with colorectal cancer (CRC) development is inconclusive.

Methods: We examined baseline dietary questionnaire-assessed intakes of total, heme, and non-heme iron and CRC risk in the EPIC cohort.

Vitamin D supplementation for children with mild to moderate asthma: an economic evaluation.

Introduction: A large proportion of asthma patients remain uncontrolled despite using inhaled corticosteroids. Some add-on therapies such as vitamin D supplements have been recommended for this subgroup of patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the cost-utility of vitamin D supplementation in children with mild to moderate persistent asthma in Colombia.

Analysis of risk variables for association with maxillary sinus mucosal thickenings: a cone-beam computed tomography-based retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine which patient-related, anatomical, pathologic, or iatrogenic variables may be directly associated with and which may have a modifying effect on the generation of maxillary sinus (MS) mucosal thickenings.

Methods: A total of 278 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained from 114 males and 164 females were evaluated. The protocol included the assessment of 21 candidate variables, of which 18 were bilateral and 3 were unique.

Evaluation of three proteins involved in the adhesion process as antigens for the detection of bovine intramammary infections.

. Fast and accurate diagnosis is one of the key strategies in the successful control of intramammary infections caused by . Immunoassays are one of the diagnostic tools that have been proposed for the detection of infection because they offer an advantage in terms of cost and are fast and easy to use compared to other diagnostic tests.

Guidelines' recommendations for the treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review of their quality.

Introduction: Depression is a serious and widespread mental health disorder. A significant proportion of patients with depression fail to remit after two antidepressant treatment trials, a condition named treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are instruments aimed to improve diagnosis and treatment.

Effectiveness of a continuing education program of drugs with fiscalized substance to improve pharmacy staff competencies: A multicenter, cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Drugs with fiscalized substances without a correct prescription may lead to undesirable side effects. Pharmacy staff needs to improve their competencies (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) to contribute to providing ambulatory pharmacy services and minimizing medication errors. Continuing education programs (CEP) could favor access to relevant and quality information on health promotion, disease prevention, and the rational use of drugs.

The pig is a better model than the rabbit or rat for studying the pathophysiology of human mesenteric arteries.

Aims: Animal models are essential to investigate cardiovascular pathophysiology and pharmacology, but phylogenetic diversity makes it necessary to identify the model with vasculature most similar to that of humans.

Methods And Results: In this study, we compared the mesenteric arteries of humans, pigs, rabbits and rats in terms of the i) evolutionary changes in the amino acid sequences of α and β2 adrenoceptors; M, M, and M muscarinic receptors; and bradykinin (BKR) and thromboxane-prostanoid (TP) receptors, through bioinformatics tools; ii) expression of α, β, M1, M3 and TP receptors in each tunica, as assessed by immunofluorescence; and iii) reactivity to receptor-dependent and independent contractile agonists and relaxants, by performing organ bath assays. Phylogenetically, pigs showed the highest degree of evolutionary closeness to humans for all receptors, and with the exception of BKR, rabbits presented the greatest evolutionary difference compared to humans, pigs and rats.

Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest in Colon Cancer Cells by Lyophilized Mango ( L.) Pulp Extract.

The present study evaluated the antiproliferative capacity and possible cell death mechanisms of lyophilized mango pulp extract (LMPE), applied to human colon cancer cells (SW480) and their metastasis-derived counterparts (SW620). The total phenolic content of LMPE was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Three assays were employed to determine its antioxidant capacity: ferric-reducing antioxidant power, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl.

Handgrip strength in older adults from Antioquia-Colombia and comparison of cutoff points for dynapenia.

Handgrip strength is a predictor of functional impairment and presence of morbimortality in older adults. However, appropriate reference values and cutoff points are required for its optimal use. This study describes handgrip characteristics in the older adult population of Antioquia-Colombia and compares the dynapenia handgrip cutoffs proposed for Colombians with international criteria.

Prediagnostic serum glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products and mortality among colorectal cancer patients.

Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (glycer-AGEs) could contribute to colorectal cancer development and progression due to their pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory properties. However, the association of glycer-AGEs with mortality after colorectal cancer diagnosis has not been previously investigated. Circulating glycer-AGEs were measured by competitive ELISA.

Cecropin D-derived synthetic peptides in the fight against cell filamentation and biofilm formation.

The recent progressive increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients, makes the search for new therapies crucial in the face of the growing drug resistance of prevalent nosocomial yeast strains. The latest research focuses on the active compounds of natural origin, inhibiting fungal growth, and preventing the formation of fungal biofilms. Antimicrobial peptides are currently the subject of numerous studies concerning effective antifungal therapy.

Vascular adaptation to cancer beyond angiogenesis: The role of PTEN.

Cancer is a public health problem, and it needs blood vessels to grow. Knowing more about the processes of vascular adaptation to cancer improves our chances of attacking it, since the tumor for its extension needs such adaptation to satisfy its progressive demand for nutrients. The main objective of this review is to present the reader with some fundamental molecular pathways for vascular adaptation to cancer, highlighting within them the regulatory role of homologous tensin and phosphatase protein (PTEN).

Challenges in the Use of the Treat-to-Target Strategy in Atopic Dermatitis in Latin America: A Case Series Review.

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing-remitting illness. In moderate-to-severe instances, recommendations urge patient-centered systemic therapy. Existing standards lack long-term treatment success requirements.

Regenerative Endodontics Success Factors and their Overall Effectiveness: An Umbrella Review.

Introduction: Regenerative endodontics is a developing field of dentistry and aims to recover the physiological and anatomical functions of the tooth for cases of severe dental caries, pulpal pathologies and dental trauma.

Materials And Methods: This umbrella review seeks to discover the scientific evidence on the effectiveness and the factors result in successful regenerative endodontic therapies in teeth with necrotic pulps and with incomplete root development. The study was conducted following the PRISMA Guidelines.

Burden of disease due to amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, and opioid use disorders in South America, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: South America's substance use profile, poverty, income inequality, and cocaine-supplier role make it a unique place for substance use research. This study investigated the burden of disease attributable to amphetamine use disorder, cannabis use disorder (CAD), cocaine use disorder, and opioid use disorder (OUD) in South America from 1990 to 2019, on the basis of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Methods: GBD 2019 estimated the incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLL), years of life lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to substance use disorders in each of the 12 South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela).

Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Index Linked to Efficacy of the Ampicillin-Ceftriaxone Combination against Enterococcus faecalis.

Combination therapy with ampicillin plus ceftriaxone (AMP+CRO) is the first-line therapy for treating severe infections due to Enterococcus faecalis. However, the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) index linked to the efficacy of the combination is not yet defined, hindering dose optimization in the clinic. Because classical PK/PD indices are not directly applicable to antimicrobial combinations, two novel indices were tested in the optimized murine model of infection by E.

Epidemiological, mechanistic, and practical bases for assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle status in adults in healthcare settings.

Given their importance in predicting clinical outcomes, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscle status can be considered new vital signs. However, they are not routinely evaluated in healthcare settings. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the epidemiological, mechanistic, and practical bases of the evaluation of CRF and muscle status in adults in primary healthcare settings.

Quality and credibility of clinical practice guidelines recommendations for the management of neonatal hypoglycemia. A protocol for a systematic review and recommendations' synthesis.

Introduction: Hypoglycemia is one of the most frequent metabolic conditions in neonates. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) influence clinical practice as high-quality CPGs facilitate the use of evidence in practice. This proposed study aims to systematically identify and appraise CPGs and CPG recommendations (CPGRs) for treating neonatal hypoglycemia (NH).

Cost-Utility of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Respiratory Distress in Preterm Infants in a Middle-Income Country.

Objectives: Despite the increased popularity of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants with respiratory distress, there is still uncertainty about whether the additional costs of this device justify the clinical benefits provided. This study aims to evaluate the cost-utility of CPAP in spontaneously breathing preterm infants with respiratory distress.

Methods: Using a decision tree model, we estimated the cost and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) associated with CPAP and supplemental oxygen alone by headbox or low-flow nasal cannula (SO).

Cardio-oncology Clinical Assessment and Screening in Patients Undergoing High Toxicity Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and cardio-oncological assessment in patients undertaking highly toxic chemotherapy and/or chest radiotherapy in a high-complexity hospital.

Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was carried out between January 1st, 2017 and December 31st, 2019. The medical records of patients with solid or hematological neoplasms were reviewed.

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Effects on Semen Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epitomizes the best preventative SARS-CoV-2 infection strategy to counteract the severe consequences of infection. However, concerns have been raised that the vaccines could have an adverse effect on sperm function and overall reproductive health. This combined systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of different available SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on semen parameters.