Trithorax regulates long-term memory in Drosophila through epigenetic maintenance of mushroom body metabolic state and translation capacity.

The role of epigenetics and chromatin in the maintenance of postmitotic neuronal cell identities is not well understood. Here, we show that the histone methyltransferase Trithorax (Trx) is required in postmitotic memory neurons of the Drosophila mushroom body (MB) to enable their capacity for long-term memory (LTM), but not short-term memory (STM). Using MB-specific RNA-, ChIP-, and ATAC-sequencing, we find that Trx maintains homeostatic expression of several non-canonical MB-enriched transcripts, including the orphan nuclear receptor Hr51, and the metabolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh).

Long-Term Risks of Living Kidney Donation: State of the Evidence and Strategies to Resolve Knowledge Gaps.

Living-donor kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for kidney failure. In the United States, rates of living kidney donation have been stagnant, which is partly related to concerns over medical and financial risks. Recent research has better characterized the risks of living kidney donation, although the field is limited by a lack of robust registries.

Identifying the Views and Needs of Family Physicians on Providing Care to Living Kidney Donors: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Optimizing the long-term care and follow-up of living kidney donors (LKDs) has been challenging, and prior LKDs have reported suboptimal healthcare experiences. Long-term care of LKDs is largely undertaken by primary care practitioners such as family physicians (FPs). We conducted a cross-sectional survey of Canadian FPs (n = 151).

Apixaban to Prevent Covert Infarcts After Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Cardiopathy: A Secondary Analysis of the ARCADIA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: In the Atrial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs in Prevention After Cryptogenic Stroke (ARCADIA) randomized clinical trial, anticoagulation did not prevent recurrent stroke among patients with a recent cryptogenic stroke and atrial cardiopathy. It is unknown whether anticoagulation prevents covert infarcts in this population.

Objective: To test the use of apixaban vs aspirin for prevention of nonlacunar covert infarcts after cryptogenic stroke in patients with atrial cardiopathy.

Multicenter validation of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis diagnostic criteria.

Background: Five fulfilled hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)-2004 criteria, and the HScore are widely used and recommended by international expert consensus to diagnose secondary HLH. Both diagnostic scores have never been validated in heterogeneous patient cohorts of secondary HLH patients. We aimed to systematically optimize and validate diagnostic criteria of secondary HLH using a multicenter approach.

A flagella-dependent jumbo phage controls rice seedling rot and steers toward reduced virulence in rice seedlings.

Bacteriophages (phages) are being investigated as potential biocontrol agents for the suppression of bacterial diseases in cultivated crops. Jumbo bacteriophages, which possess genomic DNA larger than 200 kbp, generally have a broader host range than other phages and therefore would be useful as biocontrol agents against a wide range of bacterial strains. Thus, the characterization of novel jumbo phages specific for agricultural pathogens would be of importance for the development of phage biocontrol strategies.

Haemophilia Infants Gross Motor Development: Comparisons With Full-Term and Preterm Infants of the Same Nationality.

Introduction: Infants with haemophilia, due to parental overprotection, have difficulty developing their full motor repertoire of typical gross motor development. It is of great clinical importance to evaluate the motor development of these infants with a standardized assessment tool.

Aim: To study the gross motor development in infants with haemophilia, using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and compare it with full-term (FT) and preterm infants (PT).

Hand position during chest compression in infantile piglets - Do you need to encircle the chest with the 2-thumb-technique?

Background: The Pediatric Life Support Consensus on Science With Treatment Recommendations states that chest compressions (CC) be performed with the 2-thumb-encircling and if the chest can not be encircled the 2-finger-technique.

Aim: To compare the hemodynamic effects of four different compression methods during CC in a piglet model of infant asphyxia.

Methods: Nine asphyxiated infant piglets were randomized to CC with 2-thumb-encircling, 2-thumb-, 2-finger-, and one-hand-techniques for one minute at each technique.

Effects of intramuscular fat on the flavor of fresh sheep and goat meat: Recent insights into pre-mortem and post-mortem factors.

Sheep and goat meat products are becoming increasingly popular among consumers due to their unique flavor derived from intramuscular fat (IMF), which contributes to formation of the distinctive odor. However, there is currently a dearth of reviews on the impact of IMF on the flavor of sheep and goat meat. The present review aims to discuss the relationships between IMF and flavor through lipid composition and fatty acid (FA) distribution, provide an overview of characteristic flavor compounds affecting the flavor of sheep and goat meat, and shed light on the impacts of pre-mortem and post-mortem factors on meat flavor attributed to changes in FAs and flavor compounds.

Management of Labral Tears in the Hip: A Consensus Statement.

Background: Inconsistencies in the workup of labral tears in the hip have been shown to result in a delay in treatment and an increased cost to the medical system.

Purpose: To establish consensus statements among Canadian nonoperative/operative sports medicine physicians via a modified Delphi process on the diagnosis, nonoperative and operative management, and rehabilitation and return to play (RTP) of those with labral tears in the hip.

Study Design: A consensus statement.

The association of donor and recipient sex on sepsis rates and hemoglobin increment among critically ill patients receiving red cell transfusions in a retrospective study.

Background: Existing research presents conflicting results on the influence of blood donor sex on hemoglobin (Hb) change and transfusion-associated infection and mortality in transfusion recipients.

Aim: This retrospective study explored the association between donor and recipient sex on hospital-onset sepsis (HO-sepsis) and Hb changes in critically ill patients receiving red blood cell (RBC) transfusions.

Methods: Data from 2010-2020 were extracted from an academic hospital's clinical database and a blood supplier's donor database.

The intersection of digital health and artificial intelligence: Clearing the cloud of uncertainty.

Digital health (DH) and artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare are rapidly evolving but were addressed synonymously by many healthcare authorities and practitioners. A deep understanding and clarification of these concepts are fundamental and a prerequisite for developing robust frameworks and practical guidelines to ensure the safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of DH solutions and AI-embedded technologies. Categorizing DH into technologies (DHTs) and services (DHSs) enables regulatory, HTA, and reimbursement bodies to develop category-specific frameworks and guidelines for evaluating these solutions effectively.

Peroral endoscopic myotomy for complex achalasia and the POEM difficulty score: An update.

Objectives: We present an update on the (peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) difficulty score [PDS] by introducing a novel knife with waterjet functionality.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of patients who underwent POEM between May 2018 and July 2023 at the Kingston Health Sciences Center. Demographic and procedural variables were compared using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Navigating the influence of professional abstinence on pharmacy students: Observations and solutions from their perspective.

Purpose: As the scope of practice continues to evolve for pharmacists, professional abstinence is being observed by students in workplaces and practicums. Professional abstinence is defined as "consciously choosing not to provide the full scope of patient care activities". Exposure of students to professional abstinence may cause cognitive dissonance, as they are challenged by practices that do not match what they are taught in school.

Re-evaluation of mastodon material from Oregon and Washington, USA, Alberta, Canada, and Hidalgo and Jalisco, Mexico.

The presence of at least two contemporaneous Pleistocene mastodon taxa in North America ( and ) invites re-examination of specimens at the geographic margins of each species in order to determine range boundaries, overlaps, and fluctuations. Third molars from Oregon in the United States, as well as from Hidalgo and Jalisco in Mexico, were found to be morphologically consistent with . Washington in the United States includes a number of specimens that could not be confidently assigned to either taxon.

Systematic Review of Granulomatous Invasive Fungal Sinusitis Management.

Objectives: Granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis (GIFS) affects immunocompetent individuals. There is ongoing debate over whether surgery, antifungal medication, or a combined approach is the best treatment. This article summarizes reports about GIFS and its management.

Medical malpractice litigation following humeral fractures in the United States.

Background: The purpose of this study is to characterize malpractice claims against orthopedic surgeons treating humeral fractures and determine factors associated with plaintiff verdicts and settlements.

Methods: The Westlaw legal database was queried for all cases involving humeral fractures. Patient demographics, causes cited for litigation, case outcomes, and indemnity payments were collected to determine common factors that lead plaintiffs to pursue legal action.

Mental Health of Black Canadians: A Scoping Review.

Black Canadians frequently experience significant challenges when attempting to access mental health care, resulting in discrepancies in mental health outcomes. This article describes a scoping review that aimed to understand the range and nature of research conducted on the mental health of black Canadians and to identify the gaps in this literature. An established methodological framework guided the scoping review process.

Reliability of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) When Used via Telehealth for Neurodevelopmentally High-Risk Infants.

Aims: To assess the reliability of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) when conducted recorded telehealth sessions by novice and expert raters.

Methods: Ten assessors (six novice, four expert) independently rated recorded telehealth assessments of 23 neurodevelopmentally high-risk infants twice. Inter- and intra-rater reliability of subscale scores, total score and percentile rankings were determined.

The relation between family factors and children's vocabulary knowledge: a comparative study of rural and urban preschoolers in China.

Although family factors are considered important for children's language acquisition, the evidence comes primarily from affluent societies. Thus, this study aimed to examine the relations between family factors (family's socioeconomic status [SES], home literacy activities, access to print resources, and parental beliefs) and children's vocabulary knowledge in both urban and rural settings in China. Data from 366 children (urban group: 109, 4.

The long reach of adversity: Intermediary pathways from maternal adverse childhood experiences to child socio-emotional and cognitive outcomes.

Background: This longitudinal study with multi-informant (maternal, paternal, and experimenter) and multimethod (questionnaires, behavioral observations, and standardized assessments) data tests an intergenerational model from mothers' adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to their children's socio-emotional and cognitive outcomes.

Methods: Participants were 501 children (50.7% male) and caregivers (56.

New Infrared Spectra of the Water-CO Complex: Determination of Four Intermolecular Modes and Test of a High-Level Potential Energy Surface.

High resolution infrared spectra of water-CO dimers are further studied using tunable infrared sources to probe a pulsed slit jet supersonic expansion. The relatively weak transition of DO-CO in the DO ν fundamental region (≈2760 cm) is observed for the first time, as are various spectra of DO-CO. Combination bands involving the intermolecular in plane geared bend (disrotatory) mode are observed for HO-CO (≈1642, 2397 cm) in the HO ν and CO ν regions, for HDO-CO (≈2761 cm) in the HDO ν region, and for DO-CO (≈2386, 2705 and 2821 cm) in the CO ν, DO ν, and DO ν regions.

Massive gene loss in the fungus Sporothrix epigloea accompanied a shift to life in a glucuronoxylomannan-based gel matrix.

Fungi are well known for their ability to both produce and catabolize complex carbohydrates to acquire carbon, often in the most extreme of environments. Glucuronoxylomannan (GXM)-based gel matrices are widely produced by fungi in nature and though they are of key interest in medicine and pharmaceuticals, their biodegradation is poorly understood. Though some organisms, including other fungi, are adapted to life in and on GXM-like matrices in nature, they are almost entirely unstudied, and it is unknown if they are involved in matrix degradation.

Exploring the Implementation of Cognitive Screening in First-Episode Psychosis Settings: The CogScreen Implementation Study.

Aim: Accurate and appropriate cognitive screening can significantly enhance early psychosis care, yet no screening tools have been validated for the early psychosis population and little is known about current screening practices, experiences, or factors that may influence implementation. CogScreen is a hybrid type 1 study aiming to validate two promising screening tools with young people with first episode psychosis (primary aim) and to understand the context for implementing cognitive screening in early psychosis settings (secondary aim). This protocol outlines the implementation study, which aims to explore the current practices, acceptability, feasibility and determinants of cognitive screening in early psychosis settings from the perspective of key stakeholders.