nsP2 Protease Inhibitor Blocks the Replication of New World Alphaviruses and Offer Protection in Mice.

New World alphaviruses, including Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV), are mosquito-transmitted viruses that cause disease in humans. These viruses are endemic to the western hemisphere, and disease in humans may lead to encephalitis and long-term neurological sequelae. There are currently no FDA-approved vaccines or antiviral therapeutics available for the prevention or treatment of diseases caused by these viruses.

Multicomponent body composition of university club sport athletes.

Background: The body composition of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes is well documented but no such data exist for university club sports athletes. Additionally, the majority of norms for NCAA athletes were created from individual methods requiring assumptions.

Objective: This study used a four-component (4C) model to measure the body composition of university club sports athletes.

Peptide-based inhibitors and nanoparticles: Emerging therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes, impacting millions of individuals worldwide. Despite significant research into its cellular and molecular mechanisms, no cure has been found to treat AD to date. For over two decades, research aimed at treating AD has focused on targeting amyloid-β (Aβ); however, these strategies have not demonstrated substantial effectiveness.

Dementia advance care planning perspectives within an Alabama community: A theory guided qualitative study.

Advance Care Planning (ACP) is a process that supports decision-making about end-of-life goals. Dementia ACP is recommended during the early stages of the disease to empower the individual living with dementia to express wishes for quality of life before experiencing significant cognitive decline. ACP during early dementia is rare, and hesitancy to initiate difficult and emotional conversations may be a contributing factor to delaying ACP.

Searching for Asymmetric and Heavily Precessing Binary Black Holes in the Gravitational Wave Data from the LIGO Third Observing Run.

Leveraging the features of the GstLAL pipeline, we present the results of a matched filtering search for asymmetric binary black hole systems with heavily misaligned spins in LIGO and Virgo data taken during the third observing run. Our target systems show strong imprints of precession whereas current searches have nonoptimal sensitivity in detecting them. After measuring the sensitivity improvement brought by our search over standard spin-aligned searches, we report the detection of 30 gravitational wave events already discovered in the latest version of the Gravitational Wave Transient Catalog.

Development and validation of a controlled heating apparatus for long-term MRI of 3D microfluidic tumor models.

Conventional testing of novel contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) involves cell and animal studies. However, 2D cultures lack dynamic flow and MRI is limited by regulatory approval of long-term anesthesia use. Microfluidic tumor models (MTMs) offer a cost-effective, reproducible, and high throughput platform for bridging cell and animal models.

Thapsigargin and its prodrug derivatives: exploring novel approaches for targeted cancer therapy through calcium signaling disruption.

Thapsigargin, a sesquiterpene lactone derived from Thapsia garganica L., has demonstrated mixed potential as an anticancer agent due to its potent ability to disrupt calcium signaling and induce apoptosis. This review evaluates the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential of thapsigargin, focusing on its molecular mechanisms and toxicity.

Alfvén waves in the solar corona: resonance velocity, damping length, and charged particles acceleration by kinetic Alfvén waves.

Recent advances in heliospheric exploration spurred by NASA's Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission require a deeper understanding of the intricate dynamics of the solar corona and wind. This study provides a detailed examination of kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) within the R range, a region only briefly explored in future PSP passages. Employing the framework of kinetic plasma theory and incorporating a non-thermal Cairns velocity distribution, we investigate the impact of the non-thermal index parameter on the resultant resonance velocity .

Moral Distress and Pain Management: Implications for Critical Care Nurses.

Nurses have an ethical responsibility to manage pain and the suffering derived from it. Given the complexity of patients in the critical care setting and the high incidence of pain experienced by critically ill patients, critical care nurses may experience moral distress when pain is inadequately managed. To address moral distress associated with pain management, critical care nurses should be provided with education on evidence-based pain management practices and encouraged to evaluate their personal biases and beliefs regarding pain management.

PhD-DNP Collaboration: An Integrative Review of Scholarly Partnerships in Nursing.

Nurses holding terminal degrees, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Doctor of Nursing Science (DNS), and Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), fulfill different roles in nursing. The continued growth of nursing science and practice is dependent on alliances between these nurses that produce state-of-the-art knowledge and support the translation of evidence to practice. This integrative review described characteristics of scholarly collaborations between nurses holding a research-focused degree, the PhD, and those holding a practice-focused degree, the DNP.

Perspectives on the Dementia Public Health Exposome.

Dementia is a public health concern in the aging population with an estimated 55 million people impacted globally. Public health initiatives that focus on minimizing dementia risk factors may support efforts to reduce the incidence of dementia in at-risk populations. Exposomics considers both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for disease, including genetic changes with age and lifetime exposures to environmental, social, and behavioral risk factors.

Flickering gamma-ray flashes, the missing link between gamma glows and TGFs.

Two different hard-radiation phenomena are known to originate from thunderclouds: terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) and gamma-ray glows. Both involve an avalanche of electrons accelerated to relativistic energies but are otherwise different. Glows are known to last for one to hundreds of seconds, have moderate intensities and originate from quasi-stationary thundercloud fields.

Highly dynamic gamma-ray emissions are common in tropical thunderclouds.

Thunderstorms emit fluxes of gamma rays known as gamma-ray glows, sporadically observed by aircraft, balloons and from the ground. Observations report increased gamma-ray emissions by tens of percent up to two orders of magnitude above the background, sometimes abruptly terminated by lightning discharges. Glows are produced by the acceleration of energetic electrons in high-electric-field regions within thunderclouds and contribute to charge dissipation.

Effects of urbanization on cloud-to-ground lightning strike frequency: a global perspective.

Urbanization tends to increase local lightning frequency (i.e. the 'lightning enhancement' effect).

The Relationship Between Provider and Patient Racial Concordance and Receipt of Postpartum Care.

Access to postpartum care (PPC) varies in the US and little data exists about whether patient factors may influence receipt of care. Our study aimed to assess the effect of provider-patient racial concordance on Black patients' receipt of PPC. We conducted a cross-sectional study analyzing over 24,000 electronic health records of childbirth hospitalizations at a large academic medical center  in Alabama from January 2014 to March 2020.

Inhibitor of the non-structural protein 2 protease shows promising efficacy in mouse models of chikungunya.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is responsible for the most endemic alphavirus infections called Chikungunya. The endemicity of Chikungunya has increased over the past two decades, and it is a pathogen with pandemic potential. There is currently no approved direct-acting antiviral to treat the disease.

Synergy of Urban Heat, Pollution, and Social Vulnerability in One of America's Most Rapidly Growing Cities: Houston, We Have a Problem.

During the first two decades of the twenty-first century, we analyze the expansion of urban land cover, urban heat island (UHI), and urban pollution island (UPI) in the Houston Metropolitan Area (HMA) using land cover classifications derived from Landsat and land/aerosol products from NASA's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. Our approach involves both direct utilization and fusion with in situ observations for a comprehensive characterization. We also examined how social vulnerability within the HMA changed during the study period and whether the synergy of UHI, UPI, and social vulnerability enhances environmental inequalities.

Infrared routing and switching with tunable spectral bandwidth using arrays of metallic nanoantennas.

We study infrared routing and switching with tunable spectral bandwidth using in-plane scattering of light by flat Au nanoantenna arrays. The base dimensions of these nanoantennas are approximately 250 by 850 nm, while their heights vary from 20 to 150 nm. Our results show that, with the increase in height, the arrays become more efficient scatterers while their spectra broaden within the 1-1.

Judgments of Difficulty (JODs) While Observing an Automated System Support the Media Equation and Unique Agent Hypotheses.

Objective: We investigated how people used cues to make Judgments of Difficulty (JODs) while observing automation perform a task and when performing this task themselves.

Background: Task difficulty is a factor affecting trust in automation; however, no research has explored how individuals make JODs when watching automation or whether these judgments are similar to or different from those made while watching humans. Lastly, it is unclear how cue use when observing automation differs as a function of experience.

Directed assembly of small binary clusters of magnetizable ellipsoids.

We report the effect of shape anisotropy and material properties on the directed assembly of binary suspensions composed of magnetizable ellipsoids. In a Monte Carlo simulation, we implement the ellipsoid-dipole model to calculate the pairwise dipolar interaction energy as a function of position and orientation. The analysis explores dilute suspensions of paramagnetic and diamagnetic ellipsoids with different aspect ratios in a superparamagnetic medium.

Essential Oil and Waste Hydrosol of Ocimum Tenuiflorum L.: A Low-Cost Raw Material Source of Eugenol, Botanical Pesticides, and Therapeutic Potentiality.

In this study, essential oils and waste hydrosols of leaves of Ocimum tenuiflorum in four different geographical locations were extracted by hydrodistillation method and using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for chemical composition analysis. All four essential oil samples contained the main components (E)-β-caryophyllene (27.8-49.