194 results match your criteria: "University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center[Affiliation]"

Gastric malabsorptive conditions may prevent patients from deriving benefit from orally administered medications intended for enteric absorption. While malabsorption is an increasingly common issue, current data on alternative oral options for agitation in these patients are very sparse. Sublingual (SL) asenapine is absorbed transmucosally, bypassing gut absorption, making it a viable consideration.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Secondary to the risk of antipsychotic-induced acute dystonia, prophylactic use of benztropine is occasionally warranted but is recommended for no longer than 7 days after initiating an antipsychotic, correlating to the period of highest dystonia risk. Despite the associated increased anticholinergic burden, many clinicians continue to order benztropine for periods exceeding the recommended prophylactic duration. We investigated the reduction of benztropine use duration subsequent to implementation of truncated electronic entry orders to improve benztropine prescribing within an acute psychiatric facility.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: For patients with clinically node-positive (cN+) breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), retrieving previously clipped, biopsy-proven positive lymph nodes during sentinel lymph node biopsy [i.e., targeted axillary dissection (TAD)] may reduce false negative rates.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Importance: The optimal radiotherapy technique for unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial, so evaluating long-term prospective outcomes of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is important.

Objective: To compare long-term prospective outcomes of patients receiving IMRT and 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) with concurrent carboplatin/paclitaxel for locally advanced NSCLC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A secondary analysis of a prospective phase 3 randomized clinical trial NRG Oncology-RTOG 0617 assessed 483 patients receiving chemoradiotherapy (3D-CRT vs IMRT) for locally advanced NSCLC based on stratification.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The increased incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers has motivated efforts to optimise treatment for these patients with excellent prognosis. Validation of surrogates for overall survival could expedite the investigation of new therapies. We sought to evaluate candidate intermediate clinical endpoints in trials assessing definitive treatment of p16-positive oropharyngeal cancer with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Nail psoriasis is a common condition that affects quality of life in individuals with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Topical treatments have been shown to be effective in treating nail bed disease but not as effective in treating nail matrix diseases, which often requires intralesional corticosteroids.

Objectives: The objective of this open-label study was to evaluate the efficacy of combination calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate foam as a treatment for nail psoriasis including nail matrix disease.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Alpha-2a adrenergic receptor activation in genetic absence epilepsy: An absence status model?

Epilepsia Open

April 2024

Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Objective: The objective of the study was to propose a candidate animal model of absence status epilepticus induced by specific alpha-2a adrenergic receptor (α2AR) activation. We also aim to investigate the responsiveness of this model to classical anti-status or anti-absence medications.

Methods: An α2AR agonist, dexmedetomidine (DEX), was injected intracerebroventricularly into adult rats with genetic absence epilepsy, and their electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Liver function tests are commonly obtained in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Various overlapping lab patterns can be seen due to derangement of hepatocytes and bile ducts function. Imaging tests are pursued to identify underlying etiology and guide management based on the lab results.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A randomized phase II clinical trial investigated the effectiveness of cediranib, a drug targeting vascular growth factors, when combined with radiation and temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients.
  • Out of 158 participants, 137 were eligible, showing a 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate of 46.6% for cediranib versus 24.5% for the placebo, indicating a significant improvement.
  • Although cediranib improved PFS, there was no notable difference in overall survival, and patients receiving cediranib experienced more serious adverse events compared to those on placebo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Appropriateness Criteria Relative Radiation Levels: What They Mean for You.

J Am Coll Radiol

March 2024

Chair, Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Board of Directors, Commission on Accreditation of Medical Physics Educational Programs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Characterization of nanodisc-forming peptides for membrane protein studies.

J Colloid Interface Sci

January 2024

Biophysics Program, Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Arbor, MI 48109, USA; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • * AEM28 is derived from a human protein and was assessed alongside other peptide-based nanodiscs to understand their stability and effectiveness in various conditions, including high temperatures.
  • * The study found that AEM28 nanodiscs are effective for positively charged membrane proteins, while another peptide (2F) works for all membrane proteins, suggesting their potential for detergent-free isolation of membrane proteins from E. coli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Researchers studied how axillary surgery practices have changed over time following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients enrolled in the I-SPY2 trial from 2011 to 2021.
  • The findings showed a significant decrease in axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) procedures, particularly in patients who were clinically node-positive (cN+) at diagnosis, with a corresponding increase in the use of sentinel lymph node (SLN) surgery.
  • These trends indicate a shift in surgical practices, with less extensive surgery being performed after NAC, particularly for patients showing node positivity before treatment, reflecting evolving clinical approaches prior to further research outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

As the incidence of thoracoabdominal aortic pathology (aneurysm and dissection) rises and the complexity of endovascular and surgical treatment options increases, imaging follow-up of patients remains crucial. Patients with thoracoabdominal aortic pathology without intervention should be monitored carefully for changes in aortic size or morphology that could portend rupture or other complication. Patients who are post endovascular or open surgical aortic repair should undergo follow-up imaging to evaluate for complications, endoleak, or recurrent pathology.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Antipsychotics have conflicting data with respect to obsessive-compulsive disorder/symptoms (OCD/OCS), with some reporting causality and some reporting treatment benefits. This pharmacovigilance study aimed to investigate reporting of OCD/OCS in association with the use of antipsychotics in comparison to one another, as well as treatment failure using data derived from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: Data from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2020 on suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including OCD/OCS was obtained.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pancreatic cancers are the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA and outcomes remain poor despite improvements in imaging and treatment paradigms. Currently, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are frequently utilized for staging and restaging of these malignancies, but positron emission tomography (PET)/CT can play a role in troubleshooting and improve whole-body staging. PET/MRI is a novel imaging modality that allows for simultaneous acquisition of PET and MRI images, leading to improved image quality and potential increased sensitivity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The American College of Surgeons (ACS) Coalition for Quality in Geriatric Surgery (CQGS) identified standards of surgical care for the growing, vulnerable population of aging adults in the US. The aims of this study were to determine implementation feasibility for 30 selected standards, identify barriers and best practices in their implementation, and further refine these geriatric standards and verification process.

Study Design: The CQGS requested participation from hospitals involved in the ACS NSQIP Geriatric Surgery Pilot Project, previous CQGS feasibility analyses, and hospitals affiliated with a core development team member.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Comparison of laparoscopic . robotic paraesophageal hernia repair: a systematic review.

J Thorac Dis

March 2023

Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Background: In both clinical practice and residency training, the use of robotic platforms in surgery is becoming more common. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the perioperative outcomes of robotic and laparoscopic paraesophageal hernia (PEH) repair.

Methods: The PRISMA statement guidelines were used to perform this systematic review.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Innovative solutions to resupply critical medical logistics and blood products may be required in future near-peer conflicts. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly being used in austere environments and may be a viable platform for medical resupply and the transport of blood products.

Methods: A literature review on PubMed and Google Scholar up to March of 2022 yielded a total of 27 articles that were included in this narrative review.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in acute trauma patients is a poorly characterized event. While ECMO most commonly has been deployed for advanced cardiopulmonary or respiratory failure following initial resuscitation, growing levels of evidence for out of hospital cardiac arrest support early ECMO cannulation as part of resuscitative efforts. We sought to perform a descriptive analysis evaluating traumatically injured patients, who were placed on ECMO, during their initial resuscitation period.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Acute Pyelonephritis: 2022 Update.

J Am Coll Radiol

November 2022

University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Chair UAB Department Appointments, Promotions, and Tenure Committee.

Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a severe urinary tract infection (UTI) that has the potential to cause sepsis, shock, and death. In the majority of patients, uncomplicated APN is diagnosed clinically and is responsive to treatment with appropriate antibiotics. In patients who are high risk or when treatment is delayed, microabscesses may coalesce to form an acute renal abscess.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is a viable treatment option for end-stage liver disease. Significant perioperative stress is placed on the cardiovascular system because of hemodynamic changes and the length of the operation. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease before OLT are imperative to ensure favorable outcomes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Bilateral 11th rib disarticulation and resection for chronic rib pain: A case report.

JTCVS Tech

October 2022

Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Ala.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: fwrite(): Write of 34 bytes failed with errno=28 No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 272

Backtrace:

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_write_close(): Failed to write session data using user defined save handler. (session.save_path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Unknown

Line Number: 0

Backtrace: