Injury-severity analysis of lane change crashes involving commercial motor vehicles on interstate highways.

Introduction: One of the challenging tasks for drivers is the ability to change lanes around large commercial motor vehicles. Lane changing is often characterized by speed, and crashes that occur due to unsafe lane changes can have serious consequences. Considering the economic importance of commercial trucks, ensuring the safety, security, and resilience of freight transportation is of paramount concern to the United States Department of Transportation and other stakeholders.

A method to adjust a prior distribution in Bayesian second-level fMRI analysis.

Previous research has shown the potential value of Bayesian methods in fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) analysis. For instance, the results from Bayes factor-applied second-level fMRI analysis showed a higher hit rate compared with frequentist second-level fMRI analysis, suggesting greater sensitivity. Although the method reported more positives as a result of the higher sensitivity, it was able to maintain a reasonable level of selectivity in term of the false positive rate.

Herbal Medications Used to Treat Fever.

Fever is a natural body defense and a common symptom of disease. Herbs have been used for thousands of years to treat fever. Many herbs have anti-inflammatory properties.

Analytical approximation for macroscopic fundamental diagram of urban corridor with mixed human and connected and autonomous traffic.

Advances in connected and autonomous vehicles have the promise to reshape the future of the transportation system. How and when the benefits associated with automation and connectivity technology will start to impact the performance of an urban corridor is an issue of interest for traffic operators. This paper proposes an analytical capacity model for urban corridors with mixed traffic based on the concept of macroscopic fundamental diagram.

Retraction: Wavelength modulation of ZnO nanowire based organic light-emitting diodes with ultraviolet electroluminescence.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1039/D0RA04058D.].

Does Chronic Cannabis Use Impact Risky Decision-Making: An Examination of fMRI Activation and Effective Connectivity?

With the increase in use of cannabis and its shifting legal status in the United States, cannabis use has become an important research focus. While studies of other drug populations have shown marked increases in risky decision-making, the literature on cannabis users is not as clear. The current study examined the performance of 17 cannabis users and 14 non-users on the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART) using behavioral, fMRI and effective connectivity methods.

Factors associated with driver injury severity of lane changing crashes involving younger and older drivers.

Lane change maneuvers can be a difficult driving task for many drivers, particularly, younger and inexperienced drivers and older drivers. Frequent and improper lane changing has a substantial effect on both traffic operations and safety. This study investigates the factors that contribute to the injury severity of crashes resulting from improper lane change maneuvers involving younger and older drivers in Alabama.

dauers vary recovery in response to bacteria from natural habitat.

Many species use dormant stages for habitat selection by tying recovery to informative external cues. Other species have an undiscerning strategy in which they recover randomly despite having advanced sensory systems. We investigated whether elements of a species' habitat structure and life history can bar it from developing a discerning recovery strategy.

Photo-Triggered Logic Circuits Assembled on Integrated Illuminants and Resonant Nanowires.

High-performance photo-triggered electronic devices have already become an abiding target of optoelectronics. Current results, involving high-sensitivity phototransistors with the enhancement of material properties or the modification of electrical field, need an independent external light-source system. Nevertheless, few research studies inform of circuits in which the logic channel can be directly light controlled by a fully integrated photogate.

Effect of gut microbiota on α-amanitin tolerance in .

The bacterial gut microbiota of many animals is known to be important for many physiological functions including detoxification. The selective pressures imposed on insects by exposure to toxins may also be selective pressures on their symbiotic bacteria, who thus may contribute to the mechanism of toxin tolerance for the insect. Amatoxins are a class of cyclopeptide mushroom toxins that primarily act by binding to RNA polymerase II and inhibiting transcription.

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus specialization in a multihost salmonid system.

Many pathogens interact and evolve in communities where more than one host species is present, yet our understanding of host-pathogen specialization is mostly informed by laboratory studies with single species. Managing diseases in the wild, however, requires understanding how host-pathogen specialization affects hosts in diverse communities. Juvenile salmonid mortality in hatcheries caused by infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) has important implications for salmonid conservation programs.

Retracted Article: Wavelength modulation of ZnO nanowire based organic light-emitting diodes with ultraviolet electroluminescence.

Although organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) can find important applications in display-related fields, it still remains a challenge to fabricate high-efficiency ultraviolet (UV) OLEDs with tunable wavelength. In this work, we demonstrate a facile method to adjust the electroluminescence (EL) peak from an inverted UV-OLED device that has zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) as an electron injection layer. The organic-inorganic interface between ZnO NWs and the 3-(4-biphenyl)-4-phenyl-5--butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ) emission layer employed in this work allows a reduction of the diffusion length of excitons, which further results in a hampered relaxation process of higher energy states as well as a blue shift of the EL spectrum.

Exhaustive extraction of cyclopeptides from : Guidelines for working with complex mixtures of secondary metabolites.

Understanding plant-insect interactions is an active area of research in both ecology and evolution. Much attention has been focused on the impact of secondary metabolites in the host plant or fungi on these interactions. Plants and fungi contain a variety of biologically active compounds, and the secondary metabolite profile can vary significantly between individual samples.

Protein modification by thiolactone homocysteine chemistry: a multifunctionalized human serum albumin theranostic.

As the most abundant protein with a variety of physiological functions, albumin has been used extensively for the delivery of therapeutic molecules. Thiolactone chemistry provides a powerful tool to prepare spin-labeled albumin-based multimodal imaging probes and therapeutic agents. We report the synthesis of a tamoxifen homocysteine thiolactone derivative and its use in thiol-'click' chemistry to prepare multi-functionalized serum albumin.

Facilitating Growth through Frustration: Using Genomics Research in a Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience.

A hallmark of the research experience is encountering difficulty and working through those challenges to achieve success. This ability is essential to being a successful scientist, but replicating such challenges in a teaching setting can be difficult. The Genomics Education Partnership (GEP) is a consortium of faculty who engage their students in a genomics Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE).

Post-diagnosis smoking and risk of cardiovascular, cancer, and all-cause mortality in survivors of 10 adult cancers: a prospective cohort study.

Several studies have examined the relationship between smoking and mortality in cancer survivors. However, few have reported the relationships in several cancer sites (i.e.

Is health literacy associated with mental health literacy? Findings from Mental Health Literacy Scale.

Purpose: This study aims to measure associated factors of Mental Health Literacy (MHL) among Minnesotans by using the Mental Health Literacy Scale and Andersen's Health Behavior Model.

Design And Methods: This study utilized cross-sectional survey data with 732 participants.

Findings: Participants in higher education groups showed higher MHL levels than those who have less education.

Effects of poplar addition on tar formation during the co-pyrolysis of fat coal and poplar at high temperature.

Three-stage absorption by butyl acetate was used to obtain tar components during the co-pyrolysis of fat coal and poplar at high temperature. The resulting tar yields were calculated relative to the fat coal and poplar blends. The tar components were characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Gene expression correlates of facultative predation in the blow fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae).

Effects of intraguild predation (IGP) on omnivores and detritivores are relatively understudied when compared to work on predator guilds. Functional genetic work in IGP is even more limited, but its application can help answer a range of questions related to ultimate and proximate causes of this behavior. Here, we integrate behavioral assays and transcriptomic analysis of facultative predation in a blow fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) to evaluate the prevalence, effect, and correlated gene expression of facultative predation by the invasive species .

The Quest for Model Uncertainty Quantification: A Hybrid Ensemble and Variational Data Assimilation Framework.

This article presents a novel approach to couple a deterministic four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) assimilation method with the particle filter (PF) ensemble data assimilation system, to produce a robust approach for dual-state-parameter estimation. In our proposed method, the Hybrid Ensemble and Variational Data Assimilation framework for Environmental systems (HEAVEN), we characterize the model structural uncertainty in addition to model parameter and input uncertainties. The sequential PF is formulated within the 4DVAR system to design a computationally efficient feedback mechanism throughout the assimilation period.

Correction: Photoelectrochemical study of carbon-modified p-type CuO nanoneedles and n-type TiO nanorods for Z-scheme solar water splitting in a tandem cell configuration.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C8RA09403A.].

Photoelectrochemical study of carbon-modified p-type CuO nanoneedles and n-type TiO nanorods for Z-scheme solar water splitting in a tandem cell configuration.

Nanostructured photoelectrodes with a high surface area and tunable optical and electrical properties can potentially benefit a photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting system. The PEC performance of a nanostructured photoelectrode is usually quantified in a standard three-electrode configuration under potential-assisted conditions because of the additional overpotentials for the two half-reactions of water splitting. However, it is a necessity to fully recognize their potential to split water under unassisted conditions by designing a tandem cell that can provide sufficient voltage to split water.

Efficient removal of sulfamerazine (SMR) by ozonation in acetic acid solution after enrichment SMR from water using granular activated carbon.

Sulfamerazine (SMR) as a persistent organic pollutant in waste streams is of growing environmental concern. This study explores the extraction SMR from water into an acetic acid (AA) solution using granular activated carbon (GAC), and removal of SMR by ozonation in AA solution. Systematic experiments have shown that GAC can be used as an adsorbent to transfer sulfamerazine from water to AA solution.

Resolution of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy and absence of variceal bleeding in decompensated hepatitis C virus cirrhosis patients.

Background And Aims: The aims of this study were to examine changes in the proportion of decompensated hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis patients with ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and variceal bleeding at pretreatment compared to 3 and 12 months post-sustained virological response (SVR) and to compare pretreatment and post-SVR model of end-stage liver disease and Child-Pugh scores and alpha-fetoprotein levels.

Methods: Electronic medical records of 64 decompensated HCV cirrhosis patients who received direct-acting antivirals were reviewed. The McNemar-Bowker test and the Wilcoxon-Signed Rank test were used to compare patient outcomes.